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1、非謂語動(dòng)詞（3）-過去分詞,1. 過去分詞的語法作用： 過去分詞一方面具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，另一方面也相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞，在句中可以作表語、定語 狀語和補(bǔ)足語。 1)作表語。如：Dont touch the glass because it is broken. He is quite pleased with the design of the dress.,2)作定語： 單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語一般放在名詞的前面。如：The excited people rushed into the building. We need more qualified teachers. 過去分詞短語作定語通常放

2、在被修飾的詞后面，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如：Is there anything planned for tomorrow? The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.,過去分詞作定語也可用作非限制性定語，前后用逗號隔開。如：The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.,3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞作定

3、語時(shí)的區(qū)別a meeting to be held tomorrow （表示將來的動(dòng)作）a meeting being held now（表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）a meeting held yesterday（表示完成的動(dòng)作）,3) 過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語： 過去分詞可以在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等詞后與一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，用作賓語補(bǔ)語。如：When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined? When you are

4、 making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.,4) 過去分詞做狀語： 過去分詞和-ing分詞作狀語一樣，也可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可加連詞when或while來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。如：Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. Asked about his family, he made no answer.,表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。如：Deepl

5、y moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可用if等詞。如：Given another chance, he will do better. Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to

6、study English.If heated, water can be turned into steam.,表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。如：Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber.盡管已經(jīng)跑得筋疲力盡，他們還是繼續(xù)追趕著那個(gè)強(qiáng)盜。Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.表方式或伴隨情況。如：The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. Se

7、ated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job.,(注意）. 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語一般必須和句子的主語相一致。如：When asked why he came here, the boy kept silent.Given more time ,we could do the work better.如果過去分詞的邏輯主語和句子主語不一致，必須使用過去分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格中是使用-ing或是過去分詞，則要根據(jù)它們的主語和其所表示的動(dòng)作的關(guān)系而定，如：The bell ringing, we all stopped talking. The test finished, we began our holiday.,