《(完整版)初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)(八大時(shí)態(tài)精講+習(xí)題+答案)[1].doc》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《(完整版)初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)(八大時(shí)態(tài)精講+習(xí)題+答案)[1].doc（16頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)趨R文網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、初中英語(yǔ)八大時(shí)態(tài)全套精講及練習(xí)題.1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： every, sometimes,ofen,always,usually, twice a week, at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. He watches Tv once a week .2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pri

2、de goes before a fall.驕者必?cái)　?注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明的示范性動(dòng)作，表示言行的瞬間

3、動(dòng)作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。二. 構(gòu)成及變化 1、be動(dòng)詞的變化肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。 如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where i

4、s my bike?2、行為動(dòng)詞的變化 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一，二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞為do肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?如：Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+以do開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?如： What do you often do

5、after school ?當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí) ,助動(dòng)詞為does肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞三單式(+其它)。如： He swims well.否定句：主語(yǔ)+ doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑問(wèn)句：Does +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它如：Does he swim well?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+以does開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句? 如： How does your father go to work?三、第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則(只有在第三人稱為主語(yǔ)的肯定句中，動(dòng)詞才用三單式)(1)多數(shù)動(dòng)詞直接加s

6、: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs.(2)結(jié)尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前為輔音字母,結(jié)尾加es :watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes(3)動(dòng)詞末尾y前為輔音:將y改為i加es:studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果為元音則直接加s: buys says2 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法 1）在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other

7、day, in 1982 yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year),a moment ago , a week ago, three years agojust now,等。 Where did you go just now?2）表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were

8、 given a warm welcome.3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth 到時(shí)間了 該了 It is time sb. did sth. 時(shí)間已遲了 早該了 It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺(jué)了。 It is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺(jué)了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示寧愿某人做某事 Id rather you came tomorrow.4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過(guò)去時(shí)，作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等。I thoug

9、ht you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。比較：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過(guò)去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。Christine was an invalid all her life. (含義：她已不在人間。)Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著)Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義：達(dá)比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.( 含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可

10、能指剛離去)注意： 用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。1）動(dòng)詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Did you want anything else?I wondered if you could help me.2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could, would. Could you lend me your bike?3 used to / be used to used to + do：過(guò)去常常表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (

11、過(guò)去常常散步)be used to + doing： 對(duì)已感到習(xí)慣，或習(xí)慣于，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.(現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于散步)典型例題- Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it. - Its 69568442. A. didntB. couldntC. dontD. cant答案A. 本句雖沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但從語(yǔ)意上看 出，在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，因此應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。二、構(gòu)成及變化1. Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去

12、時(shí)中的變化：am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(was not= wasnt)are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=werent)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。2.行為動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：肯定句 ： 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 .I watched a film last Sunday .否定句 ： 主語(yǔ)+ didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形. I didnt watch a film last Sunday .一般疑問(wèn)句Did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 ? Di

13、d you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didnt .特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+ 以did 開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句 ? What did you do last Sunday ?3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 一、意義當(dāng)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或正在發(fā)生的事。時(shí)間標(biāo)志now，句前的look ,listen二、構(gòu)成:be (am, is ,are )+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing形式肯定句：主語(yǔ) + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞V-ing (+ 其他) Im doing my homework now .否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+動(dòng)詞-ing +其他. Im not doin

14、g my homework now.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞-ing +其他?Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , Im not .特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他? What are you doing now ?三、現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：(1)一般在動(dòng)詞末尾直接加ing,(2)以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加ing，如 skate skating make making dance dancing write writing have havingride riding come coming(3)

15、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，中間只有一個(gè)元音字母，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping joggingsitting getting forgetting letting四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法：a. 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。We are waiting for you.b. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫(xiě)，只處于寫(xiě)作的狀態(tài)。) She is le