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1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（一）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的定義:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度。（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義。2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)做謂語，它必須和其他動(dòng)詞的原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱，數(shù)的變化。（三）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本句型n 肯定句： 主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+.n 否定句： 主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+.n 疑問句： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+.2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的意義 must“必須” ； can/could“能，會(huì)” ； may/might “可以”； should“應(yīng)該”； would“愿，要” ； have to“不得不” ； need

2、“需要”（四）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法1.can (could主要指過去時(shí)間 ) 1） 表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意為“能，能夠，會(huì)” : Two eyes can see more than one. / I can swim very well.2） 表示可能（理論上或是邏輯判斷上） He cant (couldnt) have enough money for a new car. 3） 表示允許： Can I have a look at your new pen? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-roo

3、m. 4） 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的猜測(cè)，主要用于否定句和疑問句中或感嘆句中: He cant (couldnt) be over sixty. 他不可能超過六十歲。5） could表示比can更委婉客氣的提出問題或陳述看法，指的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand?幫我一把好嗎？2. may (might)1）表允許，詢問或說明一件事可不可以做，might指過去時(shí)間；但在疑問句中might也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語氣比may更委婉。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？ 在回答以may

4、引起的問句時(shí)，肯定回答是一般可仍用may,或Yes, please. / Certainly./Sure./Of course. ；否定回答根據(jù)說話人的語氣由強(qiáng)到弱分別選用: must not(mustnt)（禁止）/ had better not（最好別）/ may not（不行）2) may表可能,但所表示的可能性不如can所表示的那樣肯定。might可以指過去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語氣更加不肯定。He may be at home. 他可能在家。They might be having a meeting, but Im not sure. 他們有可能在開會(huì)，不過我不肯定。3. mu

5、st（have to表示客觀需要）1）表示 “必須”（主觀看法）時(shí)，用于肯定句或疑問句；用于否定句時(shí)表示“禁止”。We must do everything step by step. 我們一切都必須循序漸進(jìn)地做。You must get home before 9:00.2）表示揣測(cè)。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他準(zhǔn)是病了。他的臉色蒼白。3)must的疑問句，肯定回答用must， 否定回答用neednt或dont have to。4. should1）表責(zé)任或義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”，用于各種人稱。 You shou

6、ld be polite to your teachers. 你對(duì)老師應(yīng)該有禮貌。2）表推測(cè)，意為“想必一定、照說應(yīng)該、估計(jì)”等。The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors. 這部新電影是一流演員主演的，估計(jì)拍得很好。5.will1）表意愿,用于各種人稱。I will do anything for you. 我愿為你做任何事。2) will在疑問句中用于第二人稱，表示詢問對(duì)方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求Will you close the window? 請(qǐng)你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？6.would1）will的過去式，

7、表示過去時(shí)間的“意志、意愿”。 They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他們不讓他進(jìn)去因?yàn)樗轮婆f。 I said I would do anything for you. 我說過我愿意為你做任何事。2）would用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，表示比較委婉地提出請(qǐng)求、建議或看法。 Would you like another glass of beer? 再來杯啤酒好嗎？7.need1) need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主要用于否定句疑問句；作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞可用于肯定句，否定句或疑問句中。You neednt telephone him now.

8、你現(xiàn)在不必打電話給他。2) 回答由need引起的問句時(shí)，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答是用neednt-Need I come?-Yes, you must.-我需要來嗎？-需要。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題(一) 單項(xiàng)選擇1. _ I take it out? Im sorry, you _.A. Could .couldnt B. Might.might notC. Could.can D. May.can2. Need we do this job now?Yes, _.A. you need B. you should C. you must D. you can3. _ to have lunc

9、h with us today?A. Do you likes B. Would you like C. Will you liked D. Have you liked4. -Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may5. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. must B. can C. may D. will6. I thought you

10、_ be hungry, so I have brought you some cakes.A. may B. might C. can D. could7. Come on! We _ hurry because there isnt much time left.A. may B. must C. can D. need8. Amy did best in the English test. She _ hard last week.A. must working B. should have worked C. should work D. must work9.Would you li

11、ke to drink some juice? Thanks._,but I have drunk a lot if tea.A. Id love to B.I think so C.Im afraid not D. I dont think so.10.May I smoke here?No, you_! Look, there is a “NO SMOKING”sign here.A.may B.may not C.neednt D.mustnt11.Listen!Helen is singing in the next room. It_be Helen. She has gone to

12、 Beijing.A.cant B.mustnt C.may D.should12.What do drivers do when the traffic lights turn red? They_stop and wait till the green light.A.must B.can C.may D.need(二)根據(jù)語境用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空：1.“_I leave school now?”“No, you_clean the classroom.”2.Its time for class. You_stop plalying football, or you_be late for school.3.“_they answer the queation in Russion?”“No, they_.”4._I hand in my paper now.No, you _.But you_hand it in tomorrow.5.“_you skate?”“No, I_.But my brother_”6.We_cross the street carefully.7.He is very clever. He_know the answer.3