初中英語易錯知識點(diǎn) 1.Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (×) 　　Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work. (√) 　　He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (√) 　　[析] 用though, but表達(dá)“雖然……，但是…… ”或用because, so 表達(dá)“由于……，所以……”時，though和but 及because和so 都只能擇一而用，不能兩者同時使用。 　　2.The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×) 　　The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√) 　　[析] 不及物動詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語時，要在動詞之后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~；但不及物動詞后接home, here, there等副詞作賓語時，動詞之后不必加任何介詞。 　　3.The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×) 　　The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√) 　　[析] the box既是這句話的主語, 也是不定式to carry的邏輯賓語，若句末再加上it，就和the box反復(fù)了。 　　4.Each of the boys have a pen. (×) 　　Each of the boys has a pen. (√) 　　[析] 復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有表個體的each of, one of, every，either of等詞組修飾，或有表否認(rèn)的neither of, none of 等詞組修飾時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。 　　5.例:那是你心軟！我不就是一個例子嗎？ 　　Neither he nor you is good at English. (×) 　　Neither he nor you are good at English. (√) 　　[析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等詞組連接句子的兩個主語時，謂語動詞遵循“就近一致原則”, 即由靠近謂語的那個主語決定謂語的人稱和數(shù)用何種形式。 　　6.Ten minus three are seven. (×) 　　Ten minus three is seven. (√) 　　[析] 用英語表達(dá)加（plus）、減(minus)等數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算時，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式。 　　7.The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×) 　　The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√) 　　[析] the number of表達(dá)“……的數(shù)量”，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；a number of 的意思是“若干”或“許多”，相稱于some或a lot of，和復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 　　8. 例. Hello! I have important something to tell you. （×） 　　Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√) 　　[析] 形容詞或動詞不定式修飾不定代詞作定語時，修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。 　　9. His son is enough old to go to school. （×） 　　His son is old enough to go to school. (√) 　　[析] enough作形容詞修飾名詞時，可以放在名詞前，也可放在名詞后；作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時，只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。 　　10.. Here is your sweater, put away it.（×） 　　Here is your sweater, put it away. (√) 　　[析] put away, pick up, put on等“動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的詞組后接代詞作賓語時，代詞只能放在動詞和副詞之間。 11. Look! Here the bus comes.（×） 　　Look! Here comes the bus.（√） 　　[析] 在以here, there引起的陳述句中，若句子的主語是名詞，要用倒裝語序，即用“Here /There+動詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；但主語若是代詞時，則不用倒裝語序, 即用“Here/There +代詞+動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 　　12. I do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)A. so my sister does（×）B. so does my sister（√） 　　Li Lei is really a football fan. --- _______. (的確這樣.) A. So is he（×） B. So he is（√） 　　[析] “so+be動詞/助動詞+主語”的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)前面所述情況也合用于后者，意為“……也是這樣”；“so+主語+be動詞/助動詞”的陳述結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)對前述情況的肯定，意為“……的確如此”。 　　13.重慶比中國的其他城市都大。 　　Chongqing is larger than any city in China. (×)Chongqing is larger than any other city in China. (√) 　　[析] “any city in China”涉及了重慶這座城市, 同一事物自己與自己不能做比較，只有在city 前加上other才干表達(dá)重慶和中國的其它城市比較大小。 　　The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. (×) 　　The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing . (√) 　　[析] 表達(dá)比較時，句子中的兩個比較對象必須一致，不同的比較對象不能做比較。錯誤句的比較對象分別為the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing，這兩個不同類的事物之間不能做比較。 　　14, His sister married with a teacher last summer.(×)His sister married a teacher last summer. (√) 　　[析] 表達(dá)“A和B結(jié)婚”，要用A married/will marry B。這時務(wù)必要避免受漢語影響使用A married/will marry with B。 　　15. 例There is going to have a film tonight. (×) There is going to be a film tonight. (√) 　　[析] 一般將來時用在 There be 句式中時，be going to或will之后的動詞原形只能用be,也就是說要用There is (are) going to be.... / There will be....。 　　16. 例I’ll go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday. (×)I’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.(√) 　　[析] 習(xí)慣上在具有時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，假如主句的謂語動詞用了一般將來時，從句的謂語動詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時表達(dá)將來的動作。 　　17.例 Teacher told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun. (×) 　　Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun. (√) 　　[析] 習(xí)慣上在具有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句的謂語動詞用了一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞要用過去的某種時態(tài)。但假如從句表述的是一客觀事實(shí)或客觀真理時，則不受主句時態(tài)的影響，而用一般現(xiàn)在時。 　　18. All the balls are not round. 翻譯成漢語： 　　所有的球都不是圓的。(×)并不是所有的球都是圓的。(√) 　　[析] all, every, both等詞和not連用時，not通常放在all, every, both的后面，一般情況下表達(dá)部分否認(rèn)，意為“并非……都……”。 　　19. 例--- He didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?-- _______, though he didn’t feel very well. 　　A. No, he didn’t (×) B. Yes, he did (√) 　　例--- Don’t you usually come to school by bike?-- _______. But I sometimes walk. 　　A. No, I don’t (×) B. Yes, I do (√) 　　[析] 習(xí)慣上英語中的yes意為“是的”，no意為“不”，但在“前否后肯”的反意疑問句或否認(rèn)疑問句中，yes意為“不”，no意為“是的”。 　　20.---- Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here？---- No，it's about _______. 　　　　A. 7 minutes walk B. 7 minute walk C. 7 minutes' walk D. 7 minute's walk 　　答案為C。本題考察名詞所有格用法。當(dāng)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)以-s結(jié)尾時，則只需要加“'”即可，則“7分鐘的距離”為“7 minutes' walk”。 21. You can not imagine how much I ______ on this dress. Is it beautiful？ 　　　　A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent 　　[剖析] 答案為D。本題考察四個表“花費(fèi)”的動詞辨析。主語為人，且和介詞on搭配的動詞是spend。 　　22. ---- Do you know _____ university student who is talking with Joe？---- Yes， she，s my cousin, Kate. 　　　A. a B. an C. the D. / 　　[剖析] 答案為C。university雖然以元音字母u開頭，但其前若使用不定冠詞時，則要用a.但是此題中不能使用不定冠詞，而是特指和Joe說話的那個大學(xué)生，故要選the。 　　23. The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands. 　　　　A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and 　　fewer 　　[剖析] 答案為C。句意為“大熊貓的數(shù)量越來越少由于他們的生存空間正逐漸變成農(nóng)場”。本題中四個選項(xiàng)都是“比較級+ and + 比較級”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)“越來越……”。主語為number，只能和large或small搭配。而結(jié)合句意可判斷答案為C。 　　24. Be careful when you come _______ the street，because the traffic is very busy 　　at the moment.A. across B. behind C. between D. over 　　[剖析] 答案為A。本題考察方位介詞的用法?！斑^馬路”一般為表面橫穿，因此要用across。 　　25. ---- Do you often clean your classroom？---- Yes, our classroom ______ every day. 　　　　A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. Cleaned 　　[剖析] 答案為C。句中有every day，主語為our classroom，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。 　　26. Lucy usually cleans the cage every two days. （對畫線部分提問）_ _______ Lucy usually clean the cage？ 　　[剖析] 答案為How often does。對every two days提問要用how often。 　　27. I didn't understand __________，so I raised my hand to ask... 　　　　A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say　C. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say 　　[剖析] 答案為C。本題為賓語從句，由于需要用陳述語序可排除B、D；此外，主句時態(tài)為一般過去時，則從句也要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，故還可排除A。 　　28. ---- How much ______ the shoes？　---- Five dollars ______ enough. 　　　　A. is；is B. are；is C. are；are D. is；are 　　[剖析] 答案為B。shoes作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；five dollars是一個整體，應(yīng)按單數(shù)對待。 　　29. 誤〕 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak. 〔正〕 We got to the top of the mountain at day break. 　　〔析〕 at用于具體時刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。 　　30. 〔誤〕 Dont sleep at daytime 〔正〕 Dont sleep in daytime. 　　〔析〕 in 要用于較長的一段時間之內(nèi)，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。 31. 〔誤〕 He became a writter at his twenties 〔正〕 He became a writter in his twenties 　　〔析〕這句話應(yīng)譯為：他在20多歲時就成了作家。在某人的一段生活時間段中要用介詞in來表達(dá)，而在具體歲數(shù)時用at來表達(dá)。 　　32. 誤〕 We went to swim in the river in a very hot day. 〔正〕 We went to swim in the river on a very hot day. 　　〔析〕 具體某一天要用介詞on, 又如：on New Years Day 　　33. 〔誤〕 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas. 〔正〕 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas. 　　〔析〕在節(jié)日的當(dāng)天用on，而所有節(jié)日期間用at,Christmas是圣誕節(jié)期間，一般要有兩周或更長的時間。 　　34. 誤 I havent see you during the summer holidays. 正 I havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays. 〔析〕 during表達(dá)在某一段時間之內(nèi)，所以一般不與完畢時搭配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表達(dá)一段時間，可以用于完畢時，如：I havent see you for a long time. 而through 用來表達(dá)時間時則為"整整，所有的時間"。如：It rained through the night.而since則是表達(dá)主句動作的起始時間，一般要與完畢時連用。 　　35. 〔誤〕 At entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔正〕 On entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔析〕 On 加動名詞表達(dá)"一……就"。本句的譯文應(yīng)是：我一進(jìn)入教室就聽見這個好消息了。又如：on hearing… 一聽見， on arrival 一到達(dá)就……(on表達(dá)動作的名詞) 　　36. 〔誤〕 In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔正〕 At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔析〕 at the begining與at the end都是指某事物的開始與結(jié)束部分，均不指時間范圍，而in the beginning 則是指開始一段時間。in the end＝at last是指"最終，終于"之意。 　　37. 〔誤〕 Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔正〕 By the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔析〕 by 引起的時間狀語表達(dá)了動作的截止點(diǎn)，其意思為"不遲于某一時刻將工作做完"，所以主句一般是完畢時態(tài)。當(dāng)然可以有將來時態(tài)，如：Ill be there by five o clock.而till則表達(dá)其一動作一直連續(xù)到某一時刻，但句中的動詞一定要用連續(xù)性動詞，而瞬間的截止性動詞應(yīng)用其否認(rèn)句式，如：I wont finish this work till(until) next weekend. 　　38. 〔誤〕 He came to London before last weekend. 〔正〕 He had come to London before last weekend. 　　〔正〕 He came to London two weeks ago. 〔析〕 before 一般要與完畢時連用，而ago則與一般過去時連用。 　　39. 〔誤〕I have studied English for three years since I had come here.正 I have studied English for three years since I came here. 析 since用來表達(dá)主句動作的開始時間，所以其引出的從句中應(yīng)為過去時，而不能用完畢時態(tài) 　　40. 〔誤〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours. 〔正〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours. 〔析〕中文經(jīng)常講兩小時之后來取，兩天內(nèi)會修好，而這個介詞在英文中要用in而不要用after。其因素有二，①after 多用于過去時，如：I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. ② after 加時間是表達(dá)一個不擬定的時間范圍，如：after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在許諾若干時間內(nèi)會完畢某事時，一定要用介詞in。 41.誤〕 Three days after he died. 正〕 After three days he died. 〔正〕 Three days later he died. 　　〔析〕 after 與 later都可以用來表達(dá)一段時間之后，但它們所處的位置不同，after 在時間詞前，而later在時間詞后。 　　42.〔誤〕 She hid herself after the tree. 〔正〕 She hid herself behind the tree. 　　〔析〕 after多用來表達(dá)某動作之后，所以有的語法書中稱它為動態(tài)介詞，如：I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而behind則多用于靜態(tài)事物之后。 　　43.〔誤〕 There is a beautiful bird on the tree. 正〕 There is a beautiful bird in the tree. 　　〔析〕 樹上長出的果實(shí)，樹葉要用on, 而其他外來的人、物體均要用in the tree. 　　44.〔誤〕 Shanghai is on the east of China. 〔正〕 Shanghai is in the east of China. 　　〔析〕 在表達(dá)地理位置時有3個介詞：in, on, to。 in表達(dá)在某范圍之內(nèi); on表達(dá)與某地區(qū)接壤；to則表達(dá)不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China. 　　45.〔誤〕 I arrived at New York on July 2nd. 〔正〕 I arrived in New York on July 2nd. 　　〔析〕 at用來表達(dá)較小的地方，而in用來表達(dá)較大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。 　　46.〔誤〕 He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road. 〔正〕 He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road. 　　〔析〕 在門牌號碼前要用at, 并要注意它的慣用法：at the