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1、初初中中語語法法精精講講之之簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)單單句句句句子子種種類類Grammar Grammar RevisionRevision：S Simple Sentenceimple Sentence英英 語語 中中 考考 沖沖 刺刺小小 初初 中中 工工 作作 室室 舍舍 予予句子種類句子種類-簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句按按交交際際用用途途分分陳述句陳述句肯定句肯定句肯定句肯定句 I love you.I love you.否定句否定句否定句否定句 I I dontdont love you.love you.疑問句疑問句一般疑問句一般疑問句一般疑問句一般疑問句 DoDo you love me?you love me?

2、特殊疑問句特殊疑問句特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 WhyWhy do you love me?do you love me?選擇疑問句選擇疑問句選擇疑問句選擇疑問句 Do you love me Do you love me oror her?her?祈使句祈使句肯定式肯定式肯定式肯定式 LoveLove me,please.me,please.否定式否定式否定式否定式 DontDont love me.love me.感嘆句感嘆句whatwhat引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) What What greatgreat lovelove she hasshe has!howhow引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) HowHow gr

3、eat great the lovethe love is!is!陳述句陳述句說明事實(shí)或表示說話人的看法。說明事實(shí)或表示說話人的看法。知識(shí)點(diǎn)例子陳陳述述句句肯定肯定陳述句I love you.否否定定陳述句在be，have，will，shall(包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)后直接加notI will not/wont love you.先在行為動(dòng)詞前面加do,does,或did，再在后面加notI do not/dont love you.I did not/didnt love you.用no，nobody，few，little，neither，hardly，nor，never等Nobody loves

4、you.Neither of them loves you.there be句型：某地有某物句型：某地有某物肯定：肯定：There is/are.否定：否定：There isnt/arent一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Is/Are there.?肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes,there is/are.否定回答：否定回答：No,there isnt/arent.1.We ordered beef noodles,but any beef in the noodles.Put on your glasses and you can see the beef.A.there isnt B.there is

5、 C.there arent D.there are 2.Is there a watermelon on the table？_.A.Yes,there is.B.Yes,it is.C.No,there is.D.No,it isnt.any:表示否定表示否定beef:牛肉（不可數(shù)）牛肉（不可數(shù)）there be 問，there be 回答3.He is a naught boy and always cheats others._ likes him.A.Everybody B.Nobody C.Everything D.Nothing 4.There is a sign“No smok

6、ing”there.Sorry,I _ smoke again.A.dont B.do C.wont D.willnaught naught 調(diào)皮的調(diào)皮的cheat cheat 欺騙欺騙很抱歉，表示不再吸煙，用很抱歉，表示不再吸煙，用wontwont疑問句疑問句 提出問題，讓對(duì)方作出回答。知識(shí)點(diǎn)例子1.一般疑一般疑問問句句，詢問是否屬實(shí)，回答是Yes/NoDo you love me?Will you love me?2.特殊疑特殊疑問問句句，對(duì)句中某一特定部分提問，由“特殊疑問詞一般疑問句”構(gòu)成Why do you love me?When do you love me?3.選擇選擇疑疑問問

7、句句，常提供兩種或兩種以上情況，詢問對(duì)方選擇哪一種由“一般疑問句A or B?”構(gòu)成Do you love me or her?由“特殊疑問句，A or B？或A，B or C？”構(gòu)成Who is your lover,Amy or Annie?特殊疑問詞：特殊疑問詞：what,when,why,which,who,how,how many,how much.1.is your father?Does he still work as an engineer？Yes,he has been an engineer for thirty years.A.Who B.How C.What D.Wh

8、ich 2.I hear you studied in New York last week.Was it sunny or rainy there？.A.It was rainy.B.It is sunny.C.Yes,it is.D.Im afraid not.問職業(yè)：What is sb.?選擇疑問句：回答選用其中一個(gè) 3.did you work out the problem in such a short time？With Mr.Lis help.A.When B.Where C.How D.Which 4.will the invitations be sent to our

9、guests？In three days.A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How far 5.pocket money do you usually get every month？Fifty yuan.What about you？A.How often B.How long C.How many D.How much通過李先生的幫助，用How提問方式in+時(shí)間：多久之后，用How soon問將來多久moneymoney：不可數(shù)，所以用：不可數(shù)，所以用how muchhow much問頻率問多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間問多少（可數(shù)）6.You come to school

10、 early every day.is it from your home to school？Its only about one kilometer.A.How long B.How much C.How many D.How far 7.is it the Qomolongma？Its 8,848 meters.Its very hard to climb the mountain.A.How deep B.How long C.How far D.How high一公里（距離）問距離問多深問多高 祈使句祈使句以動(dòng)詞原形開頭的句子，表示請(qǐng)求、命令、叮囑、邀請(qǐng)、勸告等。知識(shí)點(diǎn)例子肯定式（動(dòng)

11、原開頭）Love me,please.Try to love me.否定式（Dont/Never/No開頭）Dont love me.Never love me again.祈使句否定式：祈使句否定式：mustnt,neednt,cant,shouldnt等等1.Sorry Im late.tell me the bus broke down again！A.Never to B.Not C.Dont D.No 2.Daniel,play with the mobile phone while youre walking in the street.A.dont B.doesnt C.wont

12、 D.cant 3.on the grass,or it will“cry”.A.To walk B.Not to walk C.Walk D.Dont walk 4.Tony,look at the books!What a mess!Okay!Okay!A.Put them away B.Put it on C.Put away them D.Put them on祈祈使使句句否否定定 式：式：Don Don tt開開頭頭1.1.復(fù)數(shù)：用復(fù)數(shù)：用themthem；2.2.代詞代詞it/themit/them放中間放中間put away:put away:放好放好put on:put on:

13、穿上穿上Exclamatory sentence1What a/anadj.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)主語謂語！可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)主語謂語！2Whatadj.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)主語謂語！可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)主語謂語！3Whatadj.不可數(shù)名詞主語謂語！不可數(shù)名詞主語謂語！4Howadj./adv.主語謂語！主語謂語！感嘆句 表達(dá)驚異、喜悅、氣憤等情緒。1What a/anadj.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)主語謂語！可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)主語謂語！2Whatadj.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)主語謂語！可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)主語謂語！3Whatadj.不可數(shù)名詞主語謂語！不可數(shù)名詞主語謂語！4Howadj./adv.主語謂語！主語謂語！由由What/How What/How

14、引導(dǎo)的感嘆句引導(dǎo)的感嘆句總原則：總原則：What+名詞名詞 How+adj/adv 感嘆句做題方法感嘆句做題方法1.從后往前數(shù)，找不到主謂，看最后一個(gè)單詞，如果是名詞，從后往前數(shù)，找不到主謂，看最后一個(gè)單詞，如果是名詞，就用就用what,可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用what a/an,是形容詞是形容詞/副詞就用副詞就用How.Eg:_ bad news!_ terrible!WhatHow _ terrible the novel coronavirus is!感嘆句做題方法感嘆句做題方法2.從后往前數(shù)，能找到主謂，就把主謂劃掉，看最后一個(gè)單詞從后往前數(shù)，能找到主謂，就把主謂劃掉，看最后一個(gè)單

15、詞1）最后一個(gè)單詞是名詞就用）最后一個(gè)單詞是名詞就用what,單數(shù)名詞就用單數(shù)名詞就用what a/an,注意：名詞前可能會(huì)有形容詞或冠詞修飾。注意：名詞前可能會(huì)有形容詞或冠詞修飾。2）是形容詞）是形容詞/副詞就用副詞就用how._ good book she is!_ good books they are!_ fun it is to ride and sing!What a What What How新型冠狀病毒新型冠狀病毒1.Wow!_ beautiful the music is！Yes.Thats my favorite.A.What B.What a C.What an D.Ho

16、w 2._ exciting boat race it was！Many people watched it.A.What a B.What an C.How D.How a 3._weather it is today！Wed better stay at home.A.What hot B.How hot C.What a hot D.How a hot 4._ great fun Andrew has_DIY in the art room with his classmates！A.What;doing B.What;done C.How;doing D.How;done動(dòng)詞has 后

17、用動(dòng)詞過去分詞主語形容詞動(dòng)詞主語可數(shù)名詞動(dòng)詞主語不可數(shù)名詞動(dòng)詞主語不可數(shù)名詞近近5 5年省題分析年省題分析1.(2019廣東)_ smart the driverless car is!I really want to have one.A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 2.(2017廣東)Is there any outdoor learning in your school？_ .We learn outdoors once or twice every month.A.Yes,there is.B.No,there isnt.C.Yes,it is.D.No

18、,it isnt.3.(2017廣東)Aamir Khan played the part of a great father in the movie The Tale of Fatherly Love._ excellent actor he is！A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 4.(2016廣東)Tommy,_ play basketball in the street next time.You may get hit by a car.A.do B.dont C.must D.mustnt形容詞there be 問，there be 回答祈使句否定式

19、：Don t開頭動(dòng)詞主語動(dòng)詞主語可數(shù)名詞5.(2016廣東)It is reported that cancer can be controlled at a temperature lower than 100 below zero.Really？_ nice surprise！A.How B.What C.What a D.What an6.(2015廣東)_ there any living things on other planets？I have no ideas.Maybe we can know about that in the future.A.Is B.Are C.Has D.Have7.(2015廣東)So far,Su Binglan is the only Chinese who finished the 100 meter race in less than 10 seconds._ he runs！A.How slow B.How fast C.What a slow D.What a fast1.省略了動(dòng)詞和主語；2.surprise可數(shù)名詞1.there be 句型；2.things 可數(shù)，用are動(dòng)詞（補(bǔ)副詞）主語