非謂語動(dòng)詞,中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí),熱身練習(xí)1,( )1. We all found Mike a good foreigner_. A.to work B.to work with C.working with D.work with( )2.My sister is interested in _ in her free time. A. watch TV B. reading books C. listening music D. plays basketball( )3.Let me _you _ the flowers. A. to help, to water B. help, help C. to help, helping D. helping, helping( )4. I saw him _ into the small store. A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone( )5.The policeman warned the young man_ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive,B,B,B,B,A,( )6.We are interested in _ to swim. A. study B. studying C. learn D. learning( )7.My grandfather wants _around the world because he enjoys _new places. A. traveling , seeing B. to travel , to see C. to travel, seeing D. traveling ,to see( )8. Jack gives me a piece of paper_. A. to write B. to write on C. to write at D. to write in ( )9. Lets make a fire _ ourselves up. A. to warm B. warming C. warm D. warmed( )10.When I was walking in the field, I saw a plane _over my head. A. flew B. flies C. flying D. fling,熱身練習(xí)2,B,B,B,C,C,熱身練習(xí)3,( )11. Weve never seen Martin _ so well before. A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look( )12.He has decided _because smoking is bad for his health. A. to stop to smoke B. to stop smoking C. stopping smoking D. stop to smoke( )13 It is kind _ me to carry these books. A. of you helping B. for you to help C. of you to help D. for you helping( )14 Would you like _ some bread or biscuits? No thanks. I dont feel like _anything now. A. to have, eating B. to have, to eat C. having, to eat D. having, eating ( )15. Do you remember me, Tom? Ah, yes, I remembered _ you in JUSCO last year. A. see B. sees C. to see D. seeing,D,B,C,A,D,非謂語動(dòng)詞的概念,在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語動(dòng)詞它不受人稱和數(shù)的限制,非謂語動(dòng)詞分為三種形式:,不定式：to+動(dòng)詞原形 動(dòng)名詞：動(dòng)詞原形+ing分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）,非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中作的成分,I. 動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作主語的異同,.動(dòng)名詞和不定式作主語的相同點(diǎn),1.不定式短語和動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；為了保 持句子的平衡，常用it來做形式主語。eg:(1) To learn English welln is not easy. It is not easy to learn English well. (2) Asking him for help is no use. It is no use asking him for help. 2.如果主語用了不定式,表語和賓語也要用不定式;主語用了動(dòng)名詞,表語和賓語也要用動(dòng)名詞,這在英語中稱為對(duì)稱性。eg: (1) To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (2) It is better to stay home than to go out,.動(dòng)名詞和不定式做主語的不同點(diǎn),1. 不定式做主語常表示具體的某一動(dòng)作；動(dòng)名詞表示泛指或 一般的抽象的概念。eg: (1) Walkingis a good form of exercise for the old. (2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much2. 動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，通常用以表示一件已知的事或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 不定式短語通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的，表一種將來含義。eg: (1) Climbing mountains is interesting (2) Our task is to finish planting these trees in half an hour.3. 不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等連用,在句子中做主語,賓語和表語；動(dòng)名詞可以與when, while連用，在句中作時(shí)間狀語。eg: (1) What to do next is up to you. (2) In the morning ,while running on the playgroung, I fell down.,即時(shí)練習(xí),( ) 1. is prohibited(禁止)hereLook at the sign. A. Smoking B. Smoke C. To smoke D. Smoked( ) 2. _ the task will take a long time. A. Finish B. Finishing C. To finish D. Finished( ) 3. _up early is a good habit. Its good for your health. A. Get B. To get C. Getting D. Got( ) 4. Doing morning exercises _ very good for your health. A. are B. is C. be D. were( ) 5. _ good a book is much better than _ a bad TV. A. Reading, watching B. Read, watch C. Reading, to watch D. To read, watching,A,C,C,B,A,II.動(dòng)詞不定式 過去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞 動(dòng)名詞作定語的區(qū)別,動(dòng)詞不定式作定語,不定式在句中作定語,置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后,與被修飾詞之間表示以下關(guān)系: (1)與被修飾詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,若是不及物動(dòng)詞,則需加介詞；(2)表示將來的含義, (3) 動(dòng)詞不定式短語，如：the best way to learn English,等，不存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 eg: 1. Will you find me a pen to write with? 2. He is always the first to come to school. 3. I have no room to live in. 4. There is nothing for me to worry about. 5. We have a lot of things to do .,動(dòng)名詞作定語,動(dòng)名詞作定語只放在名詞前，說明該名詞的性能或用途，不表動(dòng)作，被修飾的名詞與動(dòng)名詞在邏輯上沒有主謂關(guān)系。eg: 1. Some drinking water has been poluted. 2. There are lots of sleeping cars on the train . 3. I bought a pair of climbing shoes yesterday. 4. There is a swimming pool in our school. 5. running shoes = shoes for running 6. a working method = a method of working 7. a reading room= a room which is used for reading 8. reading materials = the materials which is used for reading,現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,與被修飾詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系, 單個(gè)分詞作定語常置于被修飾詞之前,與, 分詞短語作定語常置于被修飾詞之后。eg: 1. Listen to the singing bird. 2. Who is the boy running towards us? 3. Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise. 4. The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1955. 5. There are some playing basketball on the playground.,過去分詞作定語,與現(xiàn)在分詞一樣，單個(gè)詞常放于被修飾詞前，短語則放于后，與被修飾詞之間存在被動(dòng)或完成的含義。eg: 1. The boy named Tom was hurt in the car accident. 2. Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 3. I have found the book lost by me. 4. Have you read the novels written by Luxun? 5. The United States is a developed country. 6. The cup broken by my brother is mine.,即時(shí)練習(xí),( )1. I have a lot of things _ this weekend. A. do B. did C. doing D. to do ( )2. Im thirsty. Will you get me something _? A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eating( )3. There is a_boy in the _car. A. sleeping, sleeping B. slept, slept C. sleeping, slept D. slept, sleeping( )4. The first textbook _ for teaching