精品教育 § Lesson One A private conversation 私人談話 First listen and then answer the question. 聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。 Why did the writer complain to the people behind him? Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. "I can't hear a word!" I said angrily. "It's none of your business," the young man said rudely. "This is a private conversation!" 【參考譯文】 上星期我去看戲。我的座位很好，戲很有意思，但我卻無(wú)法欣賞。一青年男子與一青年女子坐在我的身后，大聲地說(shuō)著話。我非常生氣，因?yàn)槲衣?tīng)不見(jiàn)演員在說(shuō)什么。我回過(guò)頭去怒視著那一男一女，他們卻毫不理會(huì)。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回過(guò)頭去，生氣地說(shuō)：“我一個(gè)字也聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)了！” “不關(guān)你的事，”那男的毫不客氣地說(shuō)，“這是私人間的談話！” 【New Words and Expressions 生詞與短語(yǔ)】 ★private adj.私人的 public：公眾的，公開(kāi)的 private citizen普通公民； private life：私生活 it's my private letter/house； private school 私立學(xué)校；public school 公立學(xué)校； public letter 公開(kāi)信 ；public place 公共場(chǎng)所 in private: 私下里的；in public: 公開(kāi)的 Why not have a conversation in public? privacy隱私 it's a privacy. n. ★conversation n.談話，比較正式一些 subject of conversation：話題 ★talk可以正式，也可以不正式（私人的） let's have a talk. They are having a conversation. conversation 用的時(shí)候比talk正式，意思上往往不非常正式. ★dialogue：對(duì)話 China and Korea are having a dialogue. 正式 ★chat: 閑聊 ★gossip:嚼舌頭 have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名詞變動(dòng)詞 ★theatre n.劇場(chǎng)，戲?。籧inema: 電影院 ★seat n.座位 have a good seat (place) take a seat : 座下來(lái)，就座 take your seat/take a seat Is the seat taken? 這個(gè)座位有人嗎？no/yes sit：sit down, please seat：take your seat, please be seated, please 更為禮貌 seat是及物動(dòng)詞，后面有賓語(yǔ) sit是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不加賓語(yǔ) sit he is sitting there. seat后面會(huì)加人; seat sb.; seat him; seat:讓某人就座 you seat him. 【語(yǔ)法精粹】 When all those present (到場(chǎng)者)____ he began his lecture.(重點(diǎn)題) A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seated √ sit, sit down; seat, be seated; take a seat ★angry adj. 生氣的；angrily adv. 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞 cross=angry ; I was angry. He was cross. ★annoyed: 惱火的; I was annoyed. be blue in the face; I am blue in the face. ★attention n. 注意 Attention, please. 請(qǐng)注意 pay attention : 注意 pay attention to : 對(duì)什么注意 You must pay attention to that girl. pay a little attention :稍加注意 pay much attention :多加注意 pay more attention :更多注意 pay no attention :不用注意 ★bear(bore, borne) v. 容忍 bear/stand/endure 忍受的極限在加大 I can't bear/stand you. endure : 忍受，容忍； put up with 忍受 I got divorced. I could not put up with him. put up with=bear=stand ★bear n.熊 white bear白熊、北極熊 bear hug : 熱情(熱烈)的擁抱 give sb.. a bear hug ★business n. 事 business man :生意人； do business: 做生意 go to some place on business:因公出差 I went to Tianjin on business. ★thing 可以指事情,也可以指東西 It's my business 私人事情 it's none of your business ★rudely adv. 無(wú)禮地，粗魯?shù)兀籸ude adj. 【課文講解】 go to the theatre = see a film, go to the cinema go to the +地點(diǎn) 表示去某地干嘛 go to the dairy 去牛奶店 go to the + 人 + 's 表示去這個(gè)人開(kāi)的店 go to the butcher's 買(mǎi)肉 go to the doctor's 去看病 go to school: 去上學(xué) go to church: 去做禮拜 go to hospital(醫(yī)院):去看病 go home; I am at home. 跟home相連一定表示沒(méi)有事情可做,回家休息 ★enjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的開(kāi)心 enjoy+sth. : 喜歡, 從當(dāng)中得到一種享受 I like something very much. /I love something. I enjoy the music. ★過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) : 過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 一個(gè)故事的背景往往用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)描述 I+be+v(ing) were sitting :當(dāng)時(shí)正座在 The girl was reading a book in the garden. A boy came to her. ★got : 變得, 表示一種變化 I am/was angry 是一個(gè)事實(shí) I got angry: 強(qiáng)調(diào)變化過(guò)程 got取代be動(dòng)詞, got是一個(gè)半聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞, 可以直接加形容詞 說(shuō)話的時(shí)候喜歡用縮略. I'm not, he isn't, they aren't 寫(xiě)的時(shí)候會(huì)說(shuō): I am not, he is not, they are not I didn't do sth.., I did not do sth.. ★hear:聽(tīng)見(jiàn)； hear+人:聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人的話 I could not hear you. Beg your pardon? I couldn't hear you. /I couldn't hear a word. /I couldn't catch your words. I couldn't hear you clearly. /I couldn't catch your words. Beg your pardon? /I couldn't catch your words. ★hear a word, a word 等于一句話 hear a word of sb.. (actors) He didn't say a word. May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim? It's none of your business. /None of your business. /It's my business. ★turn round:轉(zhuǎn)頭 ★pay (any) attention表示注意； 對(duì)什么加以注意pay attention to sth. ★This is private conversation! private : 私人的, 不想與別人共享 【Key Structures關(guān)鍵句型】 陳述句一定是有主語(yǔ),有動(dòng)詞,有賓語(yǔ),有句號(hào)； 簡(jiǎn)單陳述句一定不能少的是主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞 主語(yǔ)——>動(dòng)詞——>賓語(yǔ)——>狀語(yǔ) 1 ---主語(yǔ)一般有名詞或代詞構(gòu)成 2 ---謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng) 3 ---賓語(yǔ) 4 ---副詞或介詞短語(yǔ),對(duì)方式或狀態(tài)提問(wèn),往往做狀語(yǔ) I like her very much 5 ---地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 6 ---時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以放在句首或句末，先地點(diǎn)后時(shí)間 I like the girl very much in Beijing last year. 如果問(wèn)何時(shí)何地,是一個(gè)固定搭配 when and where 【Multiple choice questions多項(xiàng)選擇題】 ★pay attention: 注意(在思想上) notice: 注意(=see 眼睛看) ★sitting behind behind: 在...后面 ★in front of :在...前面 (相對(duì)靜止的概念) ★before : 在...前面 (+詞、句子、一定和時(shí)間相連) ★above: 在...上面 ★ahead of: 在...前面 (+時(shí)間、位置)(動(dòng)態(tài)的行為) He arrived before six o'clock. Before he came back He goes ahead of me. ★特殊疑問(wèn)詞對(duì)后面的答案提問(wèn) how(adv.) ——對(duì)一個(gè)方式、狀態(tài)提問(wèn)；對(duì)形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)提問(wèn) where ——用介詞,地點(diǎn) when ——用介詞,時(shí)間 why ——用because回答 ★any——用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中 ★some——用在肯定句中 ★none——沒(méi)有任何東西、沒(méi)有任何人 None knows./None of us knows. ★not any=no not——否定詞,要放在非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后面 He didn't pay attention no——形容詞、修飾名詞 I have no time./I don't have any time. ★suffer:遭受,忍受 (精神或肉體上)+痛苦 bear: 忍受=stand I suffer the headache. He often suffers defeat. § Lesson two Breakfast or lunch? 早餐還是午餐？ First listen and then answer the question. 聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。 Why was the writer's aunt surprised? It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said. 'What are you doing?' she asked. 'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated. 'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!' 【參考譯文】 那是個(gè)星期天，而在星期天我是從來(lái)不早起的，有時(shí)我要一直躺到吃午飯的時(shí)候。上個(gè)星期天，我起得很晚。我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗?！肮硖鞖?！”我想，“又下雨了?！闭谶@時(shí)，電話鈴響了。是我姑母露西打來(lái)的?！拔覄傁禄疖?chē)，”她說(shuō)，“我這就來(lái)看你?！? “但我還在吃早飯，”我說(shuō)。 “你在干什么？”她問(wèn)道。 “我正在吃早飯，”我又說(shuō)了一遍。 “天啊，”她說(shuō)，“你總是起得這么晚嗎？現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)1點(diǎn)鐘了！” 【New Words and Expressions 生詞與短語(yǔ)】 ★until prep.直到 not……until直到...才; 直到...為止 I stay in bed until twelve o'clock. I didn't get up until 12 o'clock. 后面加(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))從句,前面就是主句 1) His father didn't die until he came back. (否定) 直到他回來(lái),他爸爸才死。 2) His father was alive until he came back. (肯定) 直到他回來(lái)為止,他爸爸都是活著的。 到他回來(lái)這一點(diǎn)之前,沒(méi)死 : not die; 活的 : 不加not. 把until作為時(shí)間終止線 從句的時(shí)間終點(diǎn)之前, 這個(gè)動(dòng)作做了還是沒(méi)做? 做了——肯定; 沒(méi)做——否定. ★outside adv. 外面 作狀語(yǔ) He is waiting for me outside. It is cold outside. ★ring(rang.rung) v.(鈴、電話等)響 (刺耳的) The telephone(door bell) is ringing. jingle(bell): (鈴兒) 響叮當(dāng) 給某人打電話 : ring sb.. Tomorrow I'll ring you. 打電話(名) : give sb.. a ring remember to ring me/remember to give me a ring 戒指(名詞) ★aunt n.姑,姨,嬸,舅媽 uncle: 叔叔 cousin: 堂兄妹 nephew: 外甥 niece: 外甥女 ★repeat v.重復(fù) 【課文講解】 ★On Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天 ★never: 從來(lái)不 (可以直接用在動(dòng)詞前面) =not (變成否定句,前面一定要加助動(dòng)詞) I don't like her.=I never like her. 因?yàn)槭巧蟼€(gè)星期,所以時(shí)態(tài)不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 ★look out of :朝窗外看 從...里:from,out of ★What a day? What + a + n.——感嘆句 It is terrible day.==> What a terrible day! Ｗhat＋a／an (+a.)＋ｎ．(＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)） What a terrible day! what a good girl (she is)! What a day! 有上下文和一定的語(yǔ)境，才能省略形容詞。 ★just then: 就在那時(shí)；just只會(huì)出現(xiàn)在＂現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)＂ ★如果不知道對(duì)方性別，可以用it取代 Who are you?/Who is it ? ★by train by 直接加交通工具（不能有任何修飾詞，復(fù)數(shù)） I go out by bus/on two buses. 如果加修飾詞，就要換掉by ★I'm coming to see you. 我將要來(lái)看你。 be coming 表示一般將來(lái) go, come leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join... 【Key structures 關(guān)鍵句型】 ★Now, often and Always 表示現(xiàn)在和經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 Now——現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（說(shuō)話的當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生，現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生） Often ad Always——一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，是一種習(xí)慣，真理，是過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)都會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。 ★He is still sleeping. 他現(xiàn)在還在睡覺(jué)。 頻率副詞往往放在句子中間，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后。 非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞： 1. 系動(dòng)詞（be) 2. 助動(dòng)詞：幫助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)的(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has) 3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：（must, can, may) 4. are you doing; am leaving; (用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)將來(lái)時(shí):go,come.leave,arrive, join, return, die, land, meet) go(I go to bed hungry.形容詞做狀語(yǔ)） (rarely 很少） 【Special Difficulties難點(diǎn)】 ★What+a/an+a.+n.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)；What 對(duì)名詞感嘆 ★He is causing a lot of trouble 　名詞:trouble 　主語(yǔ):he 　動(dòng)詞:is causing 　What (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)! 【Multiple choice questions】 ★"not early" late(adj./adv.) 晚的、遲的 lately(adv.) 最近 =recently (How are you going lately?) ★look(vi.):表示看的動(dòng)作；后面一定要加介詞 see(vt.) : 表示看的結(jié)果；　后面直接加賓語(yǔ) watch : 表示觀看; 后面直接加賓語(yǔ)，但賓語(yǔ)一定是能夠活動(dòng)的東西 ★lunch中餐； food食物； dinner正餐； meal一頓飯 ★頻率副詞,放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后; ★如果即有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又有非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞．要放在兩個(gè)之間 ★疑問(wèn)句中副詞往往放在主語(yǔ)的后面 § Lesson three Please Send Me a Card 請(qǐng)給我寄一張明信片 First listen and then answer the question. 聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。 How many cards did the writer send? Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! 【參考譯文】 明信片總攪得我假日不得安寧。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我參觀了博物館，還去了公園。一位好客的服務(wù)員教了我?guī)拙湟獯罄Z(yǔ)，之后還借給我一本書(shū)。我讀了幾行，但一個(gè)字也不懂。我每天都想著明信片的事。假期過(guò)得真快，可我還沒(méi)有給我的朋友們寄過(guò)一張明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一項(xiàng)重大決定。我早早起了床，買(mǎi)來(lái)了37張明信片。我在房間里關(guān)了整整一天。然而竟連一張明信片也沒(méi)寫(xiě)成！ 【New Words and Expressions 生詞與短語(yǔ)】 ★send v. 寄，(通過(guò)第三人去)送； take: 某人親自送 send sth..to sb../send sb..sth. give sb..sth../give sth..to sb.. send/take children to school ★postcard n. 明信片 send him a card name card/visiting card : 名片 Here is my name card. ID card:身份證 credit card:信用卡 cash card 現(xiàn)金支取卡；提款卡 ★spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然無(wú)味，損壞 spoil: 把東西的質(zhì)量變得不好；生活中不順心的事;寵壞，溺愛(ài) His parents spoiled the boy. 寵壞 This spoiled my day. What you said spoiled me.