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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 新概念第一冊(cè) 知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)（全）名詞名詞包括可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)變化。不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有?？蓴?shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則：1)單數(shù)名詞加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers.2)以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的名詞加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches.3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加es: cities, babies, enemies.4)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多數(shù)變f為v加es: wives, knives.但有些詞只加s: roofs, proof s,

2、chiefs.5)以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos.6)不規(guī)則名詞：footfeet, goosegeese, toothteeth, childchildren, manmen, womanwomen, sheepsheep, deerdeer, mousemice. 代詞第 一 人 稱第 二 人稱第 三 人 稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 單 數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞主 格 I we you you heshe it they賓 格 me us you youhimher i

3、tthem物主代詞形容詞性 my ouryouryourhisheritstheir名詞性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirsI. 人稱代詞:人稱代詞又分為主格和賓格形式.主格通常做主語(yǔ)。賓格通常做動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ). Eg: a. Im a nurse.b. Could you help me ? II. 物主代詞又分為形容詞性的物主代詞和名詞性的物主代詞.形容詞性的物主代詞:相當(dāng)于形容詞,后面要跟名詞,指定名詞的所屬對(duì)象. 名詞性的物主代詞:相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,必須單獨(dú)使用，后面不能再跟名詞.Eg: a. Your school is small, mine is

4、 big.(=my school)b. This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.(=your pen)時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5、一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。My father is a doctor.Tom isnt at home.Are they policemen?I often get up at 7 oclock every morning.He doesnt like apples.Do you always read before going to bed?What do you usually do on Sundays? 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句中，如果主語(yǔ)是第三人稱時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要變第三人稱單數(shù)，變化規(guī)則如下：  1)&

6、#160;一般情況下，動(dòng)詞后面直接加 -s. 例如：  works gets says reads  2) 以s，x ，ch，sh或 o 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在后面加 -es。 例如：  goes teaches washes  3) 以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把 y變?yōu)?#160;i 再加 -es. 例如：  studies tries&#

7、160;carries  特殊情況：動(dòng)詞 have 的第三人稱單數(shù)是 has。例如：  He has an interesting book. 二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, the other day, long l

8、ong ago, once upon a time, .基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。I was at my mothers last week.Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl whose name was Snow White.Lucy went to America five months ago.I didnt go to the cinema last

9、night.Did Lily dance at the party?What did you do yesterday?動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化：be動(dòng)詞：am/is-was are-were規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：1. 直接在詞尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的在詞尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，先雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped4. 以輔音字

10、母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先把y變成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：Have-had eat-ate drink-drank go-went come-came see-saw hear-heard put-put cut-cut 等等三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示此時(shí)此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。The

11、y are playing basketball on the playground.I am not reading anything.Is he waiting for the bus?What are you doing now?動(dòng)詞ing形式的變化規(guī)則：1 一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞后加ing work - working sleep - sleeping study - studying2 動(dòng)詞以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，要去e加ing take - taking make - making dance - dancing 3 重讀閉音節(jié)的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫詞尾字母，再加ing cut - cuttin

12、g put - putting begin - beginning 4 以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把變成y再加ing lie - lying tie - tying die - dying四、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首。I was listening to the radio at 7 this

13、 morning.He was cleaning the car when I arrived.What was he doing at this time yesterday?五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already, just,yet, since, for,.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +done.一般疑問(wèn)句：have或has。He has lost his wallet.I have already had my lunch.David h

14、asnt finished his homework yet.Have you seen this film?Mary has been a translator for 20 years.They have lived here since 1987.How long have you lived here?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞變化規(guī)則：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞變化規(guī)則與過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則相同，包括4條。1. 直接在詞尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的在詞尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，先雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped4. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先把y變成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：需要特殊記憶。Be動(dòng)詞-been have-had go-gone come-come eat-eaten drink-drunk 等等六、過(guò)去完成時(shí)