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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一. 名詞的種類：專有名詞普通名詞國名地名人名，團(tuán)體機(jī)構(gòu)名稱可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞(1) 個(gè)體名詞。如：cup, desk, student等。一般可數(shù)，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 (2) 集體名詞。如：class, team, family等。一般可數(shù)，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式 (3) 物質(zhì)名詞。如：rice, water, cotton等。一般不可數(shù)，沒有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。 (4) 抽象名詞。如：love, work, life等。一般不可數(shù)，沒有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。 （5） 專有名詞：如：China, Newton, London等。 定義：可數(shù)名詞：可以用數(shù)來計(jì)算，或可

2、以分成個(gè)體的人或東西。如desk bed apple.不可數(shù)名詞：指不可分成個(gè)體的情感、概念、物質(zhì)、品質(zhì)或表示物質(zhì)材料的詞，也不可用數(shù)量來表示。不可數(shù)名詞分為抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名稱。如：抽象名詞有work homework information advice news music weather traffic knowledge等物質(zhì)名詞有food fruit bread milk water paper money meat fish chicken rice等。 二. 名詞的數(shù)：1. 規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下：規(guī)則

3、例詞1一般情況在詞尾加-smap-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞變-f和-fe為v再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives加-sbelief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的

4、名詞，變y為i加-esparty-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities5以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，或?qū)Ｓ忻~以y結(jié)尾的，加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞一般加-eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外來詞加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos兩

5、者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,隨堂練習(xí)：1.She was born in Xiangfan, but now she works in Taiyuan. So we cant say Taiyusn is her _ A second home B hometown C family2.

6、We should make _ for old people. A room B rooms C a room 3.We know_ doesnt travel so fast as light. A sound B sounds C a sound 4.They are planting _ trees. A apples B an apple C apple 5. Please get me a new _ when you go to town.A. clothes B. dress C. clothing D. trousers2. 不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：英語里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的

7、，現(xiàn)歸納如下：規(guī)則例詞1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2單復(fù)數(shù)相同sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)people, police, cattle, staff5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）a

8、udience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party6復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義customs(海關(guān)), forces(軍隊(duì)), times(時(shí)代), spirits(情緒), drinks(飲料), sands(沙灘), papers(文件報(bào)紙), manners(禮貌), looks(外表), brains(頭腦智力), greens(青菜), ruins(廢墟) goods（貨物）conditions（環(huán)境、情況）7表示“

9、某國人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans單復(fù)數(shù)同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman結(jié)尾的改為-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8合成名詞將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends無主體名詞時(shí)將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)women si

10、ngers, men servants9有些名詞在習(xí)慣用語中一定要用復(fù)數(shù)形式make friends with (與交朋友)， shake hands with (與握手)隨堂練習(xí)：1. There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens2.Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.A. bamboo B. bamboos C. kinds of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos三不可數(shù)名詞 1. 物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞多為不可

11、數(shù)名詞。如：luggage, milk, rice, soup, water, money, meat等。不可數(shù)名詞不能在其前加a/an ，也不能再詞尾加-s或-es. 其復(fù)數(shù)形式只能體現(xiàn)在它的量詞上，表示不可數(shù)名詞的量有以下兩種方法：1. 用some ,much, little ,a little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等倆表示。如：much water 許多水,a lot of money很多錢，a little milk 一點(diǎn)牛奶 some orange一些橘汁2.用數(shù)次+量詞+of來表示 如： a cup of 一杯a pair of 一雙（對(duì)）.a

12、 piece of 一片（塊）. A drop of 一滴. a group of一群（組）.a row of 一排a bowl of一婉. A pile of 一堆a(bǔ) cup of coffee一杯咖啡 ten bags of rice十袋大米 sit boxes of ink六盒墨水 a glass of 一玻璃杯. a bottle of一瓶.注意：不可數(shù)名詞在表示量的時(shí)候需要用上適當(dāng)?shù)牧吭~，當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時(shí)，量詞須變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如：a piece of advice(一條建議) five pieces of advice (五條建議)，a bag of rice (一袋大米) three b

13、ags of rice (三袋大米)。 可數(shù)名詞的量也可以用適當(dāng)?shù)牧吭~來表達(dá)。 2. 不可數(shù)名詞的轉(zhuǎn)化 (1) 物質(zhì)名詞表示種類或具體事物時(shí)則成為可數(shù)名詞。如：glass (玻璃) a glass (一個(gè)玻璃杯)，tea (茶) two teas (兩杯茶)，ice (冰) three ices (三個(gè)冰淇淋)。 (2) 抽象名詞具體化時(shí)也可成為可數(shù)名詞。如：beauty (美麗) a beauty (一個(gè)美人)，youth (青春) a youth (一個(gè)青年)。 (3) 表示具體事物的可數(shù)名詞，用于表示抽象或物質(zhì)意義是，便轉(zhuǎn)化為不可數(shù)名詞。如：a room (一個(gè)房間) room (空間)

14、，a chicken (一只小雞) chicken(雞肉)。(4)fish, chicken 單數(shù)時(shí)表示肉類，用作復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)表示種類。Fishes 魚類 chickens雞的種類。1.Old as he is, he has _to do every day.A. a lot of work B. much worksC. lots of homeworks D. quite a lot of homeworks2.What _ weather were having these days!A. nice B. a niceC. a bad D. worse3.What Darwin said was an attack on peoples religious _.A. belief B. beliefsC. beliefs D. believs4.There are some _waiting for you outside.A. German B. AmericanC. grown-up D. Japanese5.Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of _.A. tomatoes B. potatos C. v