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1、圖表類(lèi)作文,圖表題的五種類(lèi)型,Note:圖表題和議論文最根本的差異就是圖表題是客觀性寫(xiě)作而議論文是主觀性寫(xiě)作。,常用動(dòng)詞詞匯：上升：increase， rise ，grow, soar,shoot upe.g: the number of population increased/ ascended/ mounted to(by)下降： decrease ，fall ，drop ，descend ，decline ，reduce ，plungee.g: the number of population decreased /declined to(by)平穩(wěn)：remain stable ，st

2、eady，gradual,stay/remain/maintain/keep/be the same e.g: the number of population mounted and leveled off at 7 million the number of population stayed stable at 5 million波動(dòng)：fluctuate ，rise and falls up and down e.g:the number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 million最高點(diǎn)：reach the peak, reach

3、the highest point, reach the zenithe.g: the number of population reached the peak at 8 million最低點(diǎn)：reach the bottome.g: After decreasing, the number of population bottomed out at 4 million.占據(jù)：occupy， take up ，account for表復(fù)蘇：recover, bounce backe.g:the number of population recovered from 2 million,常用形

4、容詞和副詞變化程度abrupt(ly),sudden(ly),dramatic(ally),drastic(ally),sharp(ly)quick(ly),rapid(ly),marked(ly),significant(ly)considerable(considerably),substantial(ly),moderate(ly)gradual(ly),slight(ly),enormous(ly), vast(ly),圖表時(shí)間的表達(dá)：1.in + 月/年2.between and3. from to4. over the period fromto5. in the year bet

5、ween and6.in the 3 years spanning from 2001 through 20047.for the first 3 months8.for/during/over the next/ following 6 months9.for/during/over/in the of 4 months10.for/during/over/in a 4-month period11.over/for/during the same period12.from then on/ from this time/ point onwards/since then13.by the

6、 year of14. after/before+年/月,一、如何描述數(shù)據(jù)的上升或下降一般來(lái)說(shuō)，有兩種句式表達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)的上升或下降。描述對(duì)象+表示增長(zhǎng)或減少的動(dòng)詞+程度副詞+數(shù)據(jù)+時(shí)間點(diǎn)There was a + 表示程度的形容詞+表示增長(zhǎng)或減少的名詞+數(shù)據(jù)+時(shí)間點(diǎn)Example:The birth rate in China increased steadily from about 10 percent in 1920 to just over 15 percent in 1935, followed by a sharp decline to nearly 5 percent in 1940

7、. There was a steady increase in the birth rate in China from about 10 percent in 1920 to just over 15 percent in 1935,followed by a sharp decline to nearly 5 percent in 1940.,句子演練：1.根據(jù)圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)，教師的人數(shù)從1960年的500萬(wàn)急劇下滑到1962年300萬(wàn)。a. According to the figure, there was a sharp decrease in the number of teach

8、ers from five million in 1960 to three million in 1962. b. According to the figure, the number of teachers decreased dramatically from five million in 1960 to (no more than) three million in 1962.2. 1979年之后，牛肉和羊肉的消費(fèi)狀況分別急劇下降到大約100和55斤。a. After 1979,the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically t

9、o approximately 100 and 55 grams respectively. b. After 1979, there was a dramatic decline in the consumption of beef and lamb to approximately 100 and 55 grams respectively.,二、如何描述數(shù)據(jù)變化的總體趨勢(shì)a. 描述對(duì)象+shoed a/an upward/downward trend +from+具體數(shù)據(jù)+時(shí)間點(diǎn)+to+具體數(shù)據(jù)+時(shí)間點(diǎn)b.描述對(duì)象+experienced a fall/rise + between +具

10、體數(shù)據(jù)+時(shí)間點(diǎn)+and+具體數(shù)據(jù)+時(shí)間點(diǎn)Example:As can be seen from the line graph, the consumption of hamburgers showed an upward trend from about 90 grams in 1970 to nearly 550 grams in 1990.By comparison, the consumption of fish and chips experienced a steady fall between just over 300 grams in the 1970 and 200 gram

11、s in 1985, followed by a slight increase to approximately 230 grams in 1990.,句子演練：1.離婚的數(shù)量呈下降的趨勢(shì)，從1990年的140萬(wàn)下降到2000年的100萬(wàn)。a. The number of divorces experienced a downward trend from 1.4 millions in 1990 to 1 million in 2000.b. The number of divorces experienced a fall between 1.4 millions in 1990 and

12、 1 million in 2000.,三、如何排序表示總量第一或占比例第一+at +具體的數(shù)據(jù)+followed by 排名第二的對(duì)象+表示占比例的詞或詞組+具體數(shù)據(jù)表示總量第一或占比例第一+at+具體數(shù)據(jù), while 排名第二的對(duì)象+表示占比例的詞或詞組+具體數(shù)據(jù)Example:It is clear from the pie chart that individuals should take the largest proportion of the costs of each course, at 40%, followed by the employers, accounting

13、 for 35 %. Besides, the taxpayers constituted 25%.However, peoples preference in 1995 changed a lot. It is surprising that 27% of them started to play computer games, while 11% stopped talking with their family.,描述排序會(huì)用到的詞或詞組表示排名第一的方式：Be on the top of the listTake the first placeRank the first表示占據(jù)比例的

14、詞：Account for, constitute, take up表示比例的詞：Percentage, proportion, share,四、如何表示比例. was 20 % of . was one fifth of. was 20 % as many/ much as increased/ fell byExample:The electricity produced from hydropower in Norway was 108.7 billion kw/h, which was almost 99% of the total in this country.However, i

15、n 2000, the proportion of marriage fell by approximately 11%, while that of those who were never married rose by nearly 5 %.,五、如何表示對(duì)比By contrast, / By comparisonCompared with sth,. whileA similar pattern was repeated forA sharp contrast was illustrated inOn the contrary,Contrary to.,句子演練：1.從圖表中可見(jiàn)，受到

16、雇傭者支持的26歲以下的人所占比例最大，大約為60%，而那些26至29歲的人居第二位，所占比例大約為50%。As can be seen from chart, people under 26 received the largest proportion of support from the employers, at more than 60 %, while those who were 26 to 29 took the second place, at over 50%.2.與披薩餅的消費(fèi)情況相比，低收入人群似乎更喜歡漢堡包。Compared with the consumption of pizza, people in low-income group seemed to enjoy more hamburgers.,開(kāi)頭段：寫(xiě)12句改寫(xiě)原題增加單詞、刪除單詞和替換單詞,The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Austral