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1、Unit 3 Could you please clean your room一、必背短語Section A 部分1.倒垃圾take out the rubbish2.打掃地板sweep the floor3.疊你的衣服fold your clothes4.整理你的床鋪make your bed5.在外面待得晚stay out late6.出去吃完飯go out for dinner7.隨時(shí)，在任何時(shí)刻any minute now8.亂七八糟 in a mess9.扔下throw down10.一直all the time11.一就as soon as12.向借 borrowfrom13.把借

2、給lendto14.驚訝地 in surpriseSection B 部分1.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間a waste of time2.在上花時(shí)間spend time on3.上好大學(xué)get into a good university4.為了in order to5.對(duì)某人來說沒有必要做There is no need for sb. to do6.做家務(wù)do chores7.為某人提供某物 provide sth for sb 或 provide sb. with sth9. 依賴、依靠depend on10.結(jié)果.as a result11.學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立learn to be independent12.做

3、不夠It is not enough to do.【教材內(nèi)容解析】Section A1. Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? (P. 17)(1) Could you please.?意為“你能嗎？”，could在此并不是過去式，而是表示一種委婉的語氣，please后接動(dòng)詞原形，肯定回答用Sure/Of course/Certainly，也可以用.can，不可以用.could；否定回答用Sorry.并給出理由，也可用.cant/mustnt。-Could you please help me with my homework? -Sure

4、./Of course./Certainly./Sorry, I cant. Im busy now.(2) take out意為“帶出去”，代詞作賓語時(shí)，要放在take和out之間。The dog is noisy. Take it out.2. Could I at least finish watching this show? (P. 18)(1) at least表示“至少”，反義詞為at most“至多”。 The ticket cost at least 200 yuan.(2) finish意為“完成、做好”，后接動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)，要用doing的形式。When are you g

5、oing to finish your work?3. Yes, because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now. (P. 18)be back意為“回來”，相當(dāng)于come back，前者側(cè)重指狀態(tài)，后者側(cè)重指動(dòng)作。She has been back for two days. You came back very late last night.4. And she wont be happy if she sees this mess. (P. 18)mess用作名詞，表示“雜亂、不整潔”，常用的短語為：make a mess“搞

6、得一團(tuán)糟”；in a mess“一團(tuán)糟”。The kids make a mess in the bedroom. All the rooms are in a mess.5. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over. (P. 19)(1) the minute意為“一就”，用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于the moment或者as soon as。I want to see her the minute she arrives.(2) come over意為“過來”。Can you come over tomorro

7、w?6. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! (P. 19)all the time意為“反復(fù)、總是”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直在進(jìn)行和發(fā)生的事情。I have a dog and a cat. They fight all the time.7. Im just as tired as you are! (P. 19)當(dāng)我們要表示雙方某方面(如年齡、身高等)程度相同或不同時(shí)，常用asas或not as/soas結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“和一樣”或“和不一樣”。如：Mary is as careful as Linda瑪麗和

8、琳達(dá)一樣仔細(xì)。He does not run as fast as Tom他跑步?jīng)]有湯姆快。8. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. (P. 19)neither did I是“Neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前者所描述的否定情況同樣適用于后者，neither在此用作副詞，表示“也不”。-I dont like this dress.-Neither do I.9. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of th

9、e TV. (P. 19)as soon as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“一就”，要遵從“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則，即主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。I will go as soon as she arrives.10. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? (P. 20)hang out意為“閑逛、閑蕩”。He is hanging out with his friends.11. Could you please pass me the salt? (P. 20)pass sb. sth.相當(dāng)于pass sth. to sb.“把某物

10、遞給某人”。Pass me the book, please.=Pass the book to me please.12. Could I borrow that book? (P. 20)borrow此處是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“借進(jìn)來”，反義詞是lend，borrow.from.“從借入”。I often borrow books from the library.You can borrow some money from your elder brother.13. Could you lend me some money? (P. 20)lend表示“借出去”，與borrow“借進(jìn)來”相對(duì)

11、，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. “把某物借給某人”。He often lends others his car.=He often lend his car to others.14. Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. (P. 20)when和while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句均表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”，when既可以指“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,與瞬間動(dòng)詞連用，也可以指“時(shí)間段”，與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用（=while）。while表示時(shí)間段，因此，while從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，as強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同

12、時(shí)發(fā)生，表示“一邊一邊”。When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. Please dont talk so loud while others are working.Toms brother was playing the computer games while Tom was studying hard.Kate listens music as she walks in the park.【教材內(nèi)容解析】Section

13、 B1. Housework is a waste of their time. (P. 22)a waste of意為“浪費(fèi)”，其中waste是名詞，意為“浪費(fèi)”。翻譯：Playing computer games is a waste of time. _2. The should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. (P. 22)(1) spend的用法 sb. spend+時(shí)間/金錢+on sth. “在某事上花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間或者多少錢”翻譯：T

14、he man spent the whole day on his speech. _翻譯：The family spent 10,000 dollars on their trip. _ sb. spend+時(shí)間+(in) doing sth. “花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間做某事”翻譯：The boy has spent two hours playing the computer games. _【拓展】辨析spend, pay, take和costspend主語是人spend.on sth./spend.(in) doing sth.pay主語是人pay for sth./pay sb. for st

15、h.take 主語是itIt takes sb.+時(shí)間+to do sth.cost主語是物sth. costs sb.+金錢(2) in order to意為“為了”后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式，作目的狀語。in order to可位于句中或者句首否定：in order not to do sth. 意為“為了不做某事”。翻譯：Tom got up early in order to catch the first bus. _翻譯：In order not to make his mother angry, he decided to give up playing computer games. _

16、3. Also, when they get older, they will have to do housework so there is no need for them to do it now. (P. 22)there is no need for sb. to do sth.意為“對(duì)某人來說沒有必要做某事”。翻譯：There is no need for you to get up so early. _4. It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for thei

17、r children. (P. 22)(1) It is+名詞+to do sth.表示“做某事是”，其中的it為形式主語，后邊的動(dòng)詞不定式才是真正的主語。翻譯：Its my job to look after you. _(2) provide表示“提供”時(shí)，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：provide sb. with sth.或者provide sth. for sth.“為某人提供某物”；【拓展】offer也表示“提供”，但結(jié)構(gòu)有所不同，常用于“offer sb. sth.或者offer sth. to sb.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“為某人提供某物”。翻譯：The government provided a

18、lot of food and clothes for the flooded area. (受洪災(zāi)地區(qū))=The government provided the flooded area with a lot of food and clothes. _5. Any anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. (P. 22)(1) anyway用作副詞，表示“而且、加之”，也可以表示“即使這樣、無論如何”。翻譯：Its expensive and anyway the size is too small. 翻譯：Anyway, we s

19、hould have a try. _(2) doing chores是動(dòng)名詞，在句中用作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。翻譯：Doing morning exercise is good for us.6. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. (P. 22)(1) 本句結(jié)構(gòu)為“Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“做某事對(duì)某人來說”，此結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞多為描述事物特征的詞，如easy, important

20、, dangerous, necessary等。例如：翻譯：It is important for you to study hard. _翻譯：It is not easy to learn a foreign language. _【拓展】Its+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.意為“某人做某事是的”，此結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞多是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, foolish, polite等描述行為者性格、品質(zhì)的詞。翻譯：It is very kind of you to lend me so much money. _(2) how to do

21、chores是“特殊疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，作learn的賓語，動(dòng)詞不定式常與what, who, how, where, when等特殊疑問詞連用，在句中作主語、賓語、表語等。翻譯：When to start is not decided yet. _翻譯：The question is what to do next. _7. Children these days depend on their parents too much. (P. 22)depend on/upon意為“取決于；由決定；依靠”翻譯：You can accept or refuse the gift. It de

22、pends on your personal choice. _翻譯：We shouldnt always depend on our parents. _8. Doing chores helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. (P. 22)independence用作不可數(shù)名詞，表示“獨(dú)立、自主”，形容詞為independent，意為“獨(dú)立的”。例句：TheDeclarationofIndependencewasmadeinAmericain1776.獨(dú)立宣言

23、于1776年在美國宣布。9. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. (P. 22)(1) since此處表示“因?yàn)?、既然”，引?dǎo)原因狀語從句，常位于句首。翻譯：Since you dont know the boy, I will ask someone else. _(2) do ones part in (doing) sth.意為“盡自己的職責(zé)去做某事”。翻譯：The

24、 president asked every citizen to do his part in saving water. _10. As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. (P. 22)as a result意為“因此、結(jié)果”，在句中作狀語；as a result of表示“由于”，后接名詞或者代詞，相當(dāng)于because of。翻譯：He got up very late today. As a result, he missed the first bus. _翻譯：He was late as a result of

25、 the heavy rain. _11. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. (P. 22)本句為“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“越越”。翻譯：The harder you study, the better grades you can get. _翻譯：The longer the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer. _【語法講解】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could可以用來表示請(qǐng)求或建議

26、，具體用法如下：1. 表示請(qǐng)求或者允許could表示請(qǐng)求或允許時(shí)，并不表示過去，只表示語氣更加委婉，表示委婉的請(qǐng)求和陳述看法時(shí)，回答時(shí)用can。Could I use your cell phone for a while?Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?-Could you come to my birthday party?-Sorry, I cant. I have to stay at home to look after my mother.2. 表示建議情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could表示建議做某事，意為“可以”，語氣比can更加委婉。You could ask your doctor to check you over and do a few tests.