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1、賓語從句基本講解與練習(xí)賓語從句小口訣賓語從句三注意，時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句不需受限制；主句一般過去時，從句須用相應(yīng)時；陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問句用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一、概念在句子中起到賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。二、連接詞 1. 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用that (在非正式場合that可以省略)。that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，也沒有實在意思，只起到連接作用。No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day.沒有人告訴杰克第二天有班會。Littl

2、e Tom was afraid (that) he couldnt pass the exam. 小湯姆擔(dān)心這次考試不及格。【拓展1】可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有：say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, agree, explain, feel, suggest, hear, mean, notice等?！就卣?】當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。 I dont think (that) he can give a s

3、peech at the meeting. 我認(rèn)為他不會在會上發(fā)言的?！就卣?】在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope等動詞以及Im afraid 等后，可用so代替一個肯定的賓語從句，用not代替一個否定的賓語從句。 eg: - Do you believe he will come? 你相信他會來嗎？ - I believe so. 我相信會。 - I dont believe so. (或I believe not.) 我相信不會。2. 以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句是

4、陳述句語序。whether或if在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，意為“是否”。 eg: “May I use your knife？” He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.【注意1】從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。 eg: “Do you know her telephone number？” He asked me. He asked me whether I know her telephone number. 【注意2】：一般情況下，whethe

5、r和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用if。 eg: We are talking about whether well go on the picnic. 我們在討論是否去野餐。 引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或ornot連用時，只用whether。 eg: Please let me know whether to do next step. 請讓我知道是否開展下一步行動。Could you tell me whether you go or not? 能告訴我你是否去嗎？3. 特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞what, which, who, w

6、hom, whose, when, where, why, how。引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語序。疑問詞在從句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語成分，且有自己的意義。 eg: Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.【注意1】特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句后，句末用問號還是用句號完全取決于主句的句式：如主句為陳述句、祈使句，句末就用句號；如主句是疑問句，句末就用問號。 eg: Do you know? Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?

7、 Which subject do you like best? He asked me. He asked me which subject I liked best.【溫馨提示1】疑問句中主語之前的助動詞若是do / does / did，變?yōu)橘e語從句時，要先將其去掉，謂語動詞再根據(jù)時態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。 eg: Why did you come to the party late yesterday? Can you tell me? Can you tell me why you came to the party late yesterday? 【溫馨提示2】特殊疑問詞在句中作主語，變?yōu)?/p>

8、賓語從句時語序不變（時態(tài)應(yīng)作相應(yīng)變化）。 eg: Who can answer the question? The teacher asked. The teacher asked who could answer the question. 老師問誰能回答這個問題。【溫馨提示3】特殊疑問句在賓語從句中，要是主從句人稱一致，一般可將賓語從句復(fù)合句改為簡單句。 eg: I wonder how I can send an e-mail to you. I wonder how to send an e-mail to you. 我想知道如何給你發(fā)個電子郵件?！咎厥馇闆r】：當(dāng)do you thin

9、k后接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為“引導(dǎo)詞do you think陳述句語序”。 eg: What do you think he is going to do next? 你認(rèn)為他下一步打算做什么？三、賓語從句的時態(tài)1. 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的實際情況需要使用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。 eg: The worker says (that) he works from Monday to Friday. 那名工人說他從周一至周五上班。(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時） John says (that) he will leave a message on his desk

10、. 約翰說要在他桌子上留個便條。 （從句是一般將來時） They will tell you (that) they are living / lived / will live / have lived in Shanghai. 他們會告訴你他們正住在上海 / 在上海住過 / 將住在上海 / 一直住在上海。 (從句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時/一般過去時/一般將來時/現(xiàn)在完成時)2. 主句是一般過去時，從句須用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。 eg: He told me that he didnt go to the library yesterday. 他告訴我他昨天沒去圖書館。（從句是一般過去時） He said

11、 (that) he was playing football at that time. 他說他那時在踢足球。 （從句是過去進(jìn)行時） He said (that) he would post the letter. 他說他將要寄這封信。 (從句是過去將來時) They asked me whether I had been there before. 他們問我以前去沒去過那里。 (從句是過去完成時)【注意1】如果從句有具體的過去時間狀語，盡管從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，有時仍用一般過去時。 eg: She told me her brother died in 1960. 她告訴我她哥哥19

12、60年去世的。 They said they checked everything yesterday. 他們說昨天他們?nèi)繖z查過了?！咀⒁?】當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，而賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)原理或格言時，從句仍使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 eg: The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老師告訴我們世上無難事,只怕有心人。四、隨堂鞏固練習(xí) 1. Have you decided _for Australia? A. when will you leave B. when

13、 do you leave C. you will leave when D. when you will leave 2. Can you tell me _ ? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives 3. The old man asked me _ . A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinema C. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema 4.

14、I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how 5. I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how 6. I wonder _ . A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost 7. She asked me _ . A. who h

15、e was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is 8. Ask him _. A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup 9. I dont know _ . A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movie C. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts10. The doctor as

16、ked me how long _ . A. was I ill B.have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11. The weather forecast doesnt say _. A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow12. Do you know _? A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this is C. who

17、m does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to13. Could you tell me where _? A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape14. They want to know _? A. where is the hospital B. how old are you C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying15. Tony wanted to know _. A. what h

18、ad Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C.what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D.where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16. No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. w

19、here D. if17. July didnt know_. A. where is Tims fatherB. when was the first watch made C. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18. No one told us _, so we need your help. A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do19. We dont know _ with the rubbish and

20、 it pollutes out land and sea. A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do20. He asked me _. A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the money C. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did yo

21、u hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say22. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class23. - Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to whi

22、ch station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station24. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went25. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was26. Excuse me, could you

23、 tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _. A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _.

24、A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there29. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said30. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when a

25、re you going D. when you are going31. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show32. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. How egg

26、 fries D. how does egg fry33. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it34. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. whos book this is35. I dont know _ now. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat36. Does he know _? A. whats your name B. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your name is37. Do you know _? A. which floor he lives B. which floor he lives on C. he lives on which floor D. which floor does he lives on38. Tell me where _