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1、賓語(yǔ)從句基本講解與練習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句小口訣賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)詞； 主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不需受限制； 主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí)； 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問(wèn)句用if/whether, 特殊問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一、概念在句子中起到賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。二、連接詞1 .陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用 that (在非正式場(chǎng)合that可以省略)。that在從句中不 充當(dāng)任何成分，也沒(méi)有實(shí)在意思，只起到連接作用。No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day.沒(méi)有人告訴杰克第二天有班 會(huì)

2、。Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn t pasSthe 瓢百曲次考試不及格?！就卣?11 可跟 that 從何做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, agree, explain, feel, suggest, hear, mean, notice?！就卣?】當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose,expect等詞，而賓語(yǔ)從句的意思是否定 時(shí)，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。I don t think (that) he can give a sp

3、eech at the meeting認(rèn)為他不會(huì)在會(huì)上發(fā)言的。【拓展 3】 在 think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hop等動(dòng)詞以及 I m afraid后，可用 so 代替一個(gè)肯定的賓語(yǔ)從句，用not代替一個(gè)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句。eg: - Do you believe he will come?你相信他會(huì)來(lái)嗎？-I believe so.我相信會(huì)。-I don t believe s或 Q believe not.)我相信不會(huì)。2 .以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思的賓語(yǔ) 從句，從句是陳述句語(yǔ)序。whe

4、ther或if在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，意為“是否”。eg: “ May I use your knife “ He asked me. f He asked me if he might use my knife. 【注意11從句的主語(yǔ)如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句則與主句的主語(yǔ)一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語(yǔ)一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。eg: “ Do you know her telephone numb er He asked me.fHe asked me whether I know her telephone number.【注意2：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，

5、但有些情況例外。當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用 whether不用if。eg: We are talking about whether well go on the picnic.我們?cè)谟懻撌欠袢ダ镒硬汀?引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或or not連用時(shí)，只用whether。eg: Please let me know whether to do next step.請(qǐng)讓我知道是否開(kāi)展下一步行動(dòng)。Could you tell me whether you go or not?能告訴我你是否去嗎？3 .特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問(wèn)詞what, which, who, whom, whose,w

6、hen, where, why, how。弓I導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。疑問(wèn)詞在從句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、 表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)成分，且有自己的意義。eg: Who will give us a talk? I don t know. fI don t know who will give us a talk. 【注意11特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句后，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)還是用句號(hào)完全取決于主句的句式：如主句為陳述句、祈使句，句末就用句號(hào)；如主句是疑問(wèn)句，句末就用問(wèn)號(hào)。eg: Do you know? Where does he live?f Do you know where he lives?Which su

7、bject do you like best? He asked me. f He askedme which subject I liked best.【溫馨提示U疑問(wèn)句中主語(yǔ)之前的助動(dòng)詞若是 do / does / did,變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要先將其 去掉，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞再根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。eg: Why did you come to the party late yesterday? Can you tell me?fCan you tell me why you came to the party lateyesterday?【溫馨提示2】特殊疑問(wèn)詞在句中作主語(yǔ)，變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變（

8、時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)作相應(yīng)變化）。eg: Who can answer the question? The teacher asked.fThe teacher asked who could answer the question. 老師問(wèn)誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題?！緶剀疤崾?】特殊疑問(wèn)句在賓語(yǔ)從句中，要是主從句人稱一致，一般可將賓語(yǔ)從句復(fù)合句 改為簡(jiǎn)單句。eg: I wonder how I can send an e-mail to you.一 I wonder how to send an e-mail to you.我想知道如何給你發(fā)個(gè)電子郵件?！咎厥馇闆r】：當(dāng)do you think后接特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成

9、賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為“引導(dǎo)詞+ do you think+陳述句語(yǔ)序”。eg: What do you think he is going to do next? 你認(rèn)為他下一步打算做什么？ 三、賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)1. 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的實(shí)際情況需要使用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。eg: The worker says （that） he works from Monday to Friday. 那名工人說(shuō)他從周一至周五上班。 （從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）John says （that） he will leave a message on his desk.）翰說(shuō)要在他桌子

10、上留個(gè)便條。（從句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)）They will tell you （that） they are living / lived / will live / have lived in Shanghai. 他們會(huì)告訴你他們正住在上海/ 在上海住過(guò)/ 將住在上海/ 一直住在上海。（從句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/一般過(guò)去時(shí)/ 一般將來(lái)時(shí)/現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）2. 主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句須用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。eg: He told me that he didn t go to the library yestedOy.他昨天沒(méi)去圖書(shū)館。（從何是 一般過(guò)去時(shí)）He said （that） he was playin

11、g football at that time.他說(shuō)他那時(shí)在踢足球。（從何是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）He said （that） he would post the letter. 他說(shuō)他將要寄這封信。（從句是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)）They asked me whether I had been there before.他們問(wèn)我以前去沒(méi)去過(guò)那里。（從何是過(guò)去完成時(shí)）【注意 1】如果從句有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，盡管從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，有時(shí)仍用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。eg: She told me her brother died in 1960. 她告訴我她哥哥1960 年去世的。They said they check

12、ed everything yesterday. 他們說(shuō)昨天他們?nèi)繖z查過(guò)了?！咀⒁?】當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)原理或格言時(shí)，從句仍使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。eg: The teacher told us （that） nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老師告訴我們世上無(wú)難事 ,只怕有心人。四、隨堂鞏固練習(xí)1. Have you decided for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave w

13、henD. when you will leave2. Can you tell me ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3. The old man asked me .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4. I think you will like him.A. thatB. ifC. whyD.

14、 how5. I didn t know he will come or not.A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6. I wonder .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost7. She asked me .A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8. Ask him A. whose c

15、up this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9. I don t know .A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts10. The doctor asked me how long .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11. The weather forecast doesn t say A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow12. Do you know ?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom