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1、 第一節(jié) ：主干家族語法理論句型成分詞性主干家族五大基本句型主干1：主謂 1. I came. I saw. I conquered. 我來了 我看見 我征服 I loved。2. Education pays. 教育是有回報的。 Industry pays. 天道酬勤 3. Pleasure can vanish. 快樂會消失。（2005年英一閱讀）成分 形式謂語： 動作 詞性： 不及物動詞主語： 動作發(fā)出者 詞性： 名詞 to do; doing;The done cannot be undone.主干2：主謂賓1. I love you.2. He refused to accept t

2、he apology. 他拒絕接受道歉。3. I look forward to your reply. （look看 不及物； look forward to期待） 我期待你的回復（小作文寫信）I take care of you. Take拿 take care of 照顧 4. Good memory depends on meaningful processing of information. (2007年英一閱讀） 好的記憶力取決于信息的有效處理。成分 形式謂語： 動作 詞性：及物動詞vt; 不及物+介詞；賓語： 動作承受者 詞性： n；to do; doing;區(qū)分成分形式主謂謂

3、語不能跟賓語不及物動詞vi;主謂賓謂語必須跟賓語及物動詞；不及物動詞+prep介詞某些動詞既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞I live a peaceful life. 主謂賓I live peacefully. 主謂主干3: 主系表 （表語是對主語的表述；表語主語） 1. He is a good loser. 他是一個體面的輸家。- 雖敗猶榮2. Americas industry was on the ropes. (2000年英一閱讀) -命懸一線3. The new year is around the corner. 新年就要到了。4. Elizabeth looks handsome.

4、 看上去很美。5. I never feel overwhelmed. (2013年英二翻譯) 我從未感到不知所措。6. Effortless success may become a dreadful handicap. (2001年英一閱讀） 毫不費勁的成功會成為可怕的障礙。 （Such behavior did not become you.）身份不符合。 “相稱 適合”成分 形式系動詞：連系 詞性：be; 感官, 變化，持續(xù)； 終止表語：對主語的表述、補充 詞性：n; doing; to do; adj; prep介詞區(qū)分成分形式主謂賓 主語賓語I love you n; doing;

5、 to do; (賓語)主系表 表語主語 （屬性）You are funny.Adj; n；prep; I taste the fish. 主謂賓The fish tastes delicious. 主系表主干4：主+謂+雙賓語（直賓；間賓）1. I found you a dog. = I find a dog for you.2. I will teach you a lesson. 我將給你一個教訓。3. The district is giving students a pass. (2012年英二閱讀) 該地區(qū)讓學生通過。4. America gave its industries

6、unparalleled economies of scale. (2000年英一閱讀) 美國給與他的產(chǎn)業(yè)無與倫比的規(guī)模。成分： 形式：直接賓語：動作承受者 詞性： n; doing; to do; 間接賓語：動作接受者 詞性： n; doing; to do;主干5：主+謂+賓+補 1. I find the girl beautiful. I made Jack happy.2. The students find homework to be unimportant. (2012年英二閱讀)3. Most people would define optimism as happy. (2

7、014年英二翻譯)4. These men believed in journalism as a calling. (2010年英一閱讀) 這些人認為新聞業(yè)是一種職業(yè)使命。成分 形式補語：賓語的補充 詞性：n. doing; to do; adj; prep區(qū)分成分形式主謂雙賓1間賓直賓 I find you a dog.I give you a book.名詞 doing; to do;主謂賓補2賓補賓語（屬性）I find you humorous.n adj to do; doing; prepI made you happy. 2I made you coffee. 1I made

8、you my assistant助理. 2 I find you a pig. 1成分詞性對照表課后練習： 判斷以下句型及各類成分：(1) We forget these writers. (2) These writers are forgotten. (2011年英一閱讀) (3) I taste the apple. (4) The apple tastes good. (5) I found the book easily. (6) I found the book easy. (7) We got depressed. (8) Both children and adults got

9、 presents. (9) He got her a present. (10) He got his shoes and socks wet. (11) He was one of Englands classical-music critics, a stylist. (2012年英二閱讀) (12) They elected him as the chairman of the Students Union. (13) He was elected as the chairman of the Students Union.(14) Tangible became a humorous teacher.(15) Tangible became humorous.9 棒棒的！