《一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別(總4頁).doc》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別(總4頁).doc（4頁珍藏版）》請在匯文網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、區(qū)分一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時一相同點：1. 這兩中時態(tài)中的動作都發(fā)生在過去2. 倘若這個動詞的過去時是加ed構成，那么這個動詞的過去分詞和過去時相同 例如：I cleaned(過去時) the room yesterday. I have already cleaned（過去分詞） the room.二不同點1. 一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作,說話的側重點在于陳述一件過去的事情,與現(xiàn)在沒有關系。如果你只是要陳述你做了什么，陳述的東西和目前狀況沒有太大影響，就用；現(xiàn)在完成時表示與現(xiàn)在有關系的發(fā)生在過去的動作,到現(xiàn)在為止這個動作可能結束也可能繼續(xù)下去。它不與表示過去

2、的時間狀語連用. 例如：(1.) I washed the plate. “我洗盤子了”（那么洗盤子這個話題基本到此打住，基本沒有下文）(1.) I have washed the plate. “我已經(jīng)洗好盤子了?！?（強調做過，完成了。還有可能意思是，既然我已經(jīng)洗好盤子了，我就該干什么什么了，或者你就應該履行什么承諾之類的。）(2.)I saw the film yesterday. 強調看電影的時間是昨天。(2.) I have seen the flim.我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了（我現(xiàn)在知道電影的內容/ 我不想在看這電影了，我們選其他的吧。）(3.) I taught here for e

3、ight years我在這教過八年書（只陳述過去的事實，現(xiàn)在可能不在這教書了）(3.) I have taught here for eight years 我在這教書八年了（現(xiàn)在還在教，還可能繼續(xù)教下去）(4.) I leanrt English for six years 我學過六年英語（以前學過，現(xiàn)在可能不學了）(4.) I have learnt English for six years我學英語已經(jīng)學了六年了（現(xiàn)在還在學，可能還要學下去）2. 常連用的時間狀語不同（1）常與一般過去時連用的時間狀語yesterday (morning, afternoon, evening)：昨天（早

4、上，下午，晚上）the day before yesterday前天last+時間名詞：上一個 如：last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世紀）時間段+ ago：在之前 如：three days ago:三天前 a moment ago剛才this morning/afternoon今天早上/ 今天下午when+ 過去時的句子：當?shù)臅r候 when I got upjust now 剛剛before 以前 或 before+時間點at the age of 10 （過去年齡段）：在10歲的時候in the old da

5、ys 在古時候at that time/ moment在那時候（2）常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語for + 時間段: 持續(xù)了一段時間I have lived here for 8 years.He has done his homework for two hours.since + 過去時間點/ 過去時句子：自從開始 since + 時間段 + ago：自從開始I have lived here since 2008He has done his homework since 8:00 p.m. / He has done his homework since two hours ago.j

6、ust：剛剛I have just called youever: 曾今、 從來Have you even been to Beijing? Has he ever made such a mistake?never: 從未 從來沒有I have never been there before.already已經(jīng)I have already finished my homework.yet: 還（否定句）已經(jīng)（疑問句）I havent finished my homework yet.Have you finshed your homework yet？before: 以前Have you e

7、aten seafood before?I havent seen him before.so far 到目前為止I have finished 50% of the work.In the past + 時間段In the past 20 years, China has develped rapidly.副詞JustEverNeverAlreadyYetBefore含義剛剛曾今 從來從不已經(jīng)否定句：還疑問句：已經(jīng)以前常用句型陳述/疑問句多用于疑問句也用于肯定/否定句否定句肯定句否定句疑問句多種句型常見位置謂語動詞前謂語動詞前謂語動詞前謂語動詞前句末句末句末用 just ever never

8、 already yet before填空他剛從學校回來He has _ come back from school你以前去過廣州嗎？Have you been to Guangzhou _?我以前從沒去過廣州。I have _ been to Guangzhou _.我從未吃過披薩I have _eaten pizza我已經(jīng)看過這電影了I have_ seen the film / I have seen the film _你（曾今）坐過飛機嗎？Have you _taken a plane?你(已經(jīng))吃過晚飯了嗎？Have you had your dinner_?我還沒吃晚飯I hav

9、ent had the dinner _.3. 短暫性動詞與持續(xù)性動詞在一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時中應用： 短暫性動詞可以用于一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時，但若在現(xiàn)在完成時中，動詞跟since和for連用表示持續(xù)一段時間，那么要用持續(xù)性動詞，短暫性動詞不能用。例如：1. His grandpa died in 1990 His grandpa has already died. Hies grandpa has been dead for over 20 years.2. He left school at 5:00 p.m.He has just left school.He has been awa

10、y from school for two hour / since 5:00p.m. / since two hours ago.3. I came to Saming in 2008I have been in Sanming for 8 years4. He joined the basketball team last yearHe has already joined the basketball team.He has been in / has been a member of the basketball for one year.5. My dad bought a car

11、last month.My dad has had a car for one month6. I borrowed a book from the library three days agoI have just borrowed a book from the library.I have kept the book for three days / since three days ago.總結：從以上例句可以歸納出，短暫性動詞可以用于一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時，但是用于有時間段的現(xiàn)在完成時中，這些短暫性動詞要變形。用for+時間段，since+過去時間點/ 時間段+ago / 過去時句子

12、 表示時間段died have/ has been deadleft-have/ has been away (from+地點)came - have/ has been inarrived- have/ has been herejoined- have / has been inbegan / started - have / have been onbought- have/ has hadborrowedhave/ has keptcame back - have/ has been backfeel ill have/ has been illgo out have/ has been outgot up have/ has been up練習：改錯題1. My sister has been away yesterday2. He has waited for you for two hours ago3. I have got up for one hour ago4. We have lived in Sanming when we were born.翻譯題：1. 我已經(jīng)到這2個小時了2. 電影已經(jīng)開始15分鐘了3. 他已經(jīng)買這房子3年了4. （自從）兩個小時之前我就已經(jīng)回來了5. （自從）我離開他就生病了6. 他已經(jīng)起床一個小時了