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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上區(qū)分一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一相同點(diǎn)：1. 這兩中時(shí)態(tài)中的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去2. 倘若這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)是加ed構(gòu)成，那么這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去時(shí)相同 例如：I cleaned(過(guò)去時(shí)) the room yesterday. I have already cleaned（過(guò)去分詞） the room.二不同點(diǎn)1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,說(shuō)話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于陳述一件過(guò)去的事情,與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系。如果你只是要陳述你做了什么，陳述的東西和目前狀況沒(méi)有太大影響，就用；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,到現(xiàn)在為止這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能結(jié)束也可

2、能繼續(xù)下去。它不與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用. 例如：(1.) I washed the plate. “我洗盤(pán)子了”（那么洗盤(pán)子這個(gè)話題基本到此打住，基本沒(méi)有下文）(1.) I have washed the plate. “我已經(jīng)洗好盤(pán)子了?！?（強(qiáng)調(diào)做過(guò)，完成了。還有可能意思是，既然我已經(jīng)洗好盤(pán)子了，我就該干什么什么了，或者你就應(yīng)該履行什么承諾之類的。）(2.)I saw the film yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)看電影的時(shí)間是昨天。(2.) I have seen the flim.我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了（我現(xiàn)在知道電影的內(nèi)容/ 我不想在看這電影了，我們選其他的吧。）(3.) I taug

3、ht here for eight years我在這教過(guò)八年書(shū)（只陳述過(guò)去的事實(shí)，現(xiàn)在可能不在這教書(shū)了）(3.) I have taught here for eight years 我在這教書(shū)八年了（現(xiàn)在還在教，還可能繼續(xù)教下去）(4.) I leanrt English for six years 我學(xué)過(guò)六年英語(yǔ)（以前學(xué)過(guò)，現(xiàn)在可能不學(xué)了）(4.) I have learnt English for six years我學(xué)英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)學(xué)了六年了（現(xiàn)在還在學(xué)，可能還要學(xué)下去）2. 常連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同（1）常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday (morning, afternoon,

4、evening)：昨天（早上，下午，晚上）the day before yesterday前天last+時(shí)間名詞：上一個(gè) 如：last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世紀(jì)）時(shí)間段+ ago：在之前 如：three days ago:三天前 a moment ago剛才this morning/afternoon今天早上/ 今天下午when+ 過(guò)去時(shí)的句子：當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候 when I got upjust now 剛剛before 以前 或 before+時(shí)間點(diǎn)at the age of 10 （過(guò)去年齡段）：在10歲的時(shí)候

5、in the old days 在古時(shí)候at that time/ moment在那時(shí)候（2）常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for + 時(shí)間段: 持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間I have lived here for 8 years.He has done his homework for two hours.since + 過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)/ 過(guò)去時(shí)句子：自從開(kāi)始 since + 時(shí)間段 + ago：自從開(kāi)始I have lived here since 2008He has done his homework since 8:00 p.m. / He has done his homework since tw

6、o hours ago.just：剛剛I have just called youever: 曾今、 從來(lái)Have you even been to Beijing? Has he ever made such a mistake?never: 從未 從來(lái)沒(méi)有I have never been there before.already已經(jīng)I have already finished my homework.yet: 還（否定句）已經(jīng)（疑問(wèn)句）I havent finished my homework yet.Have you finshed your homework yet？before:

7、 以前Have you eaten seafood before?I havent seen him before.so far 到目前為止I have finished 50% of the work.In the past + 時(shí)間段In the past 20 years, China has develped rapidly.副詞JustEverNeverAlreadyYetBefore含義剛剛曾今 從來(lái)從不已經(jīng)否定句：還疑問(wèn)句：已經(jīng)以前常用句型陳述/疑問(wèn)句多用于疑問(wèn)句也用于肯定/否定句否定句肯定句否定句疑問(wèn)句多種句型常見(jiàn)位置謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前句末句末句末用 ju

8、st ever never already yet before填空他剛從學(xué)校回來(lái)He has _ come back from school你以前去過(guò)廣州嗎？Have you been to Guangzhou _?我以前從沒(méi)去過(guò)廣州。I have _ been to Guangzhou _.我從未吃過(guò)披薩I have _eaten pizza我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這電影了I have_ seen the film / I have seen the film _你（曾今）坐過(guò)飛機(jī)嗎？Have you _taken a plane?你(已經(jīng))吃過(guò)晚飯了嗎？Have you had your dinner

9、_?我還沒(méi)吃晚飯I havent had the dinner _.3. 短暫性動(dòng)詞與持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中應(yīng)用： 短暫性動(dòng)詞可以用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但若在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，動(dòng)詞跟since和for連用表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，那么要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，短暫性動(dòng)詞不能用。例如：1. His grandpa died in 1990 His grandpa has already died. Hies grandpa has been dead for over 20 years.2. He left school at 5:00 p.m.He has just left school.He

10、 has been away from school for two hour / since 5:00p.m. / since two hours ago.3. I came to Saming in 2008I have been in Sanming for 8 years4. He joined the basketball team last yearHe has already joined the basketball team.He has been in / has been a member of the basketball for one year.5. My dad

11、bought a car last month.My dad has had a car for one month6. I borrowed a book from the library three days agoI have just borrowed a book from the library.I have kept the book for three days / since three days ago.總結(jié)：從以上例句可以歸納出，短暫性動(dòng)詞可以用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但是用于有時(shí)間段的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，這些短暫性動(dòng)詞要變形。用for+時(shí)間段，since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)/ 時(shí)間

12、段+ago / 過(guò)去時(shí)句子 表示時(shí)間段died have/ has been deadleft-have/ has been away (from+地點(diǎn))came - have/ has been inarrived- have/ has been herejoined- have / has been inbegan / started - have / have been onbought- have/ has hadborrowedhave/ has keptcame back - have/ has been backfeel ill have/ has been illgo out

13、have/ has been outgot up have/ has been up練習(xí)：改錯(cuò)題1. My sister has been away yesterday2. He has waited for you for two hours ago3. I have got up for one hour ago4. We have lived in Sanming when we were born.翻譯題：1. 我已經(jīng)到這2個(gè)小時(shí)了2. 電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始15分鐘了3. 他已經(jīng)買這房子3年了4. （自從）兩個(gè)小時(shí)之前我就已經(jīng)回來(lái)了5. （自從）我離開(kāi)他就生病了6. 他已經(jīng)起床一個(gè)小時(shí)了 專心-專注-專業(yè)