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1、第九第九講講名名詞詞性從句性從句一、主一、主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句從句引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞(1)that引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)的從的從句作主句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)時(shí)，不，不在從句中充當(dāng)任在從句中充當(dāng)任何成分，只起何成分，只起連連接作用，無(wú)任何接作用，無(wú)任何意意義義，通常不能，通常不能省去，且常用省去，且常用it作作形式主形式主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)。That the college will take in more new students is true.It is true that the college will take in more new students.It suddenly occurred to him that he had m

2、ade a serious mistake.連連接接詞詞引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞(2)whether引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)的主的主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句既可從句既可放在句首，也可放在句首，也可放在句尾，放在句尾，譯譯成成“是否是否”，在從，在從句中不作成分。句中不作成分。It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesnt matter whether you have lived there for a short or a long time.

3、連連接接詞詞引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有等，有詞義詞義，在，在從句中作主從句中作主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)、表、表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、定、定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)等。等。(2014高考湖北高考湖北卷卷)What was so impressive about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.When the new cinema will be open to the public hasnt been

4、 made clear.連連接接代代詞詞引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞when，where，why，how等，有等，有詞義詞義，在從句，在從句中作狀中作狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)。Why he came late today has been clear now.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.連連接接副副詞詞it作作形形式式主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)的的句句型型歸歸納納(1)It系系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞形容形容詞詞that從句從句(2)Itbe名名詞詞(短短語(yǔ)語(yǔ))(a pity/a shame/no wonder等等)that從句從句(3)Itbe過(guò)過(guò)去分去分

5、詞詞(said/told/reported等等)that從句從句(4)It不及物不及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞(seem，appear，happen，matter)that從句從句(5)It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/orderedthat從句從句結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句用構(gòu)中，從句用“(should)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形”。It is certain that your son will do well in his exam.Its no wonder that youve achieved so much success.It was suggested tha

6、t they(should)start at once.It happened to me that I had been away when he called.It is necessary that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a job.B2(2014高高考考天天津津卷卷)I think _impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.Awhat Bthat Cwhich DwhoA 二、二、賓語(yǔ)賓

7、語(yǔ)從句從句引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞連連接接詞詞(1)that無(wú)無(wú)詞義詞義，在從句，在從句中不作成分。并且中不作成分。并且that可可以省略。以省略。(2)whether，if意意為為“是是否否”，在從句中不作成，在從句中不作成分。分。if和和whether可互可互換換，后面直接跟后面直接跟or not時(shí)時(shí)用用whether不用不用if；作介；作介詞詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一般用一般用whether。(2014高考新高考新課標(biāo)課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.I went in and

8、askedif/whether there was a John living there.We dont know whether or not she was ready.引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞連連接接代代詞詞who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有等，有詞義詞義，在，在從句中作主從句中作主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)、表、表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、定、定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)等。等。(2013高考新高考新課課標(biāo)標(biāo)全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue.She wil

9、l give whoever needs help a warm support.連連接接副副詞詞when，where，why，how等，有等，有詞義詞義，在從，在從句中作狀句中作狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)。I dont know where we are going to have the meeting.要要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)歸歸(1)否定前移：主句的主否定前移：主句的主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)是第一是第一人稱人稱單單數(shù)，數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)為謂語(yǔ)為think，believe，suppose，expect等等時(shí)時(shí)，其后引，其后引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)的的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句中若含有否定意從句中若含有否定意義義，一般要把否定一般要把否定詞詞移到主句移到主句謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)上，上，從句從句謂

10、語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。用肯定式。I dont think I know you.I dont suppose he cares,does he?(2)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞find,feel，think，consider，make等后有等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足足語(yǔ)語(yǔ)(形容形容詞詞或名或名詞詞)時(shí)時(shí)，需用，需用it作形式作形式賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)而將而將that賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句后置。從句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.納納(3)在在find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppo

11、se等及等及hate，like，owe.to，take.for granted等表示等表示“喜喜歡歡；痛恨；痛恨；認(rèn)為認(rèn)為”的的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞或或動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞短短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)和和see to(表示表示“注意，注意，務(wù)務(wù)必必”)后后有有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足足語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要用，需要用it作形式作形式賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)，而將，而將賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句后置。從句后置。I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.1(2014高考福建卷高考福建卷)Pick yourself up.Courage is doing _youre afraid to do.Athat BwhatCh

12、ow Dwhether解析：考解析：考查賓語(yǔ)查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：振作起來(lái)。勇敢就是做你從句。句意：振作起來(lái)。勇敢就是做你(明知明知自己自己)害怕做的事情。分析句子害怕做的事情。分析句子結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)可知，構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞doing后接的是后接的是賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中從句，從句中do后缺的是后缺的是賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)，需用，需用what引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)。B2(2014高考山高考山東東卷卷)It is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.Awhere BwhatCwhich Dwhy B三、表三、表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句從句引

13、引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞連連接接詞詞(1)that無(wú)無(wú)詞義詞義,在從句中不作成分。在從句中不作成分。(2)whether(是否是否)引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句從句時(shí)時(shí),只能用只能用whether，而不能用，而不能用if。(3)as if/as though意意為為“好像，仿好像，仿佛佛”，引，引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)的表的表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句常跟在系從句常跟在系動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞(如如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等等)之后。若之后。若表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句所述的是非真從句所述的是非真實(shí)實(shí)的情況的情況,從句用虛從句用虛擬語(yǔ)擬語(yǔ)氣；若所述的是事氣；若所述的是事實(shí)實(shí)的或是極可能的或是極可能發(fā)發(fā)生的情況生的情況,從句用

14、從句用陳陳述述語(yǔ)語(yǔ)氣。氣。(2014高考新高考新課標(biāo)課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things.It looks as if its going to rain.引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞連連接接代代詞詞連連接接副副詞詞who，whom，whose，which,what,whoever，whomever,whichever，whatever等等,有有詞義詞義，在，在從句中作主從句中作主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)、表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、定、定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)等。等。(2015四川巴蜀名校四川

15、巴蜀名校聯(lián)聯(lián)合合測(cè)試測(cè)試)Everyone is different and that is what makes our world much better.when，where，why，how等，有等，有詞義詞義，在從，在從句中作狀句中作狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)。(2015大大連連雙基雙基測(cè)試測(cè)試)When choosing furniture，you only focus on function while I think more about the design.Thats where we differ.要要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)歸歸納納主句的主主句的主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)是是idea，advice，suggestion，order

16、，request，requirement等名等名詞時(shí)詞時(shí)，表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句的從句的謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用用“(should)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形”。His suggestion is that we(should)change our plan.溫馨提示溫馨提示表語(yǔ)從句的三個(gè)易混句式表語(yǔ)從句的三個(gè)易混句式This/That/It is why結(jié)結(jié)果果This/That/It is because原因原因The reason why.is that.意意為為“這這/那就是那就是的的原因原因”，why引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)的是的是表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句。從句。That is why our teacher recommends another interesting course for us.意意為為“這這/那是因那是因?yàn)闉椤?，because引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句。從句。(2013高考安徽卷高考安徽卷)From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.意意為為“的原因是