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1、初一英語語法知識點初一英語知識點初一英語知識點篇(1):初一英語作文語法總結(jié) 一、詞法 1、名詞 A)、名詞的數(shù) 我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下： 一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：babyxbabies, familyxfamil

2、ies, dutyxduties, comedyxcomedies, documentaryxdocumentaries, storyxstories 以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：dayxdays, boyxboys, toyxtoys, keyxkeys, ways 四)以o結(jié)尾加s(外來詞)。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯 五)以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knifexknives, wifexwives, halfxhalves, shelfxshelves, leafxleaves,

3、 yourselfxyourselves 六)單復(fù)數(shù)相同(不變的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七)一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八)單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員 九)合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action moviexaction movies, pen palxpen pals; 但如果是由man或woman

4、所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)那么同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctorxmen doctors, woman teacherxwomen teachers 十)有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞 十一) 單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或s。如：Is

5、(Is), Ks (Ks)。但如是縮略詞那么只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二) 特殊形式的有：childxchildren, manxmen, womanxwomen, footxfeet, mousexmice, policemanxpolicemen, EnglishmanxEnglishmen B)名詞的格 當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下： 一)單數(shù)在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers 二)復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加，如果不是之s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers Day教師節(jié), classmate

6、s; Childrens Day六一節(jié), Womens Day三八節(jié) 三)由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Bens room邁克和本的房間(共住一間)，Mikes and Bens rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間) 2、代詞 工程：人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞 人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性 第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself 復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves 第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself 復(fù)數(shù) yo

7、u you your yours yourselves 第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself 復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves 3、動詞 A) 第三人稱單數(shù) 當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下： 一)一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。

8、如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：studyxstudies, hurryxhurries, tryxtries 2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四)以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does, goes 五)特殊的有：arexis, havexhas B) 現(xiàn)在分詞 當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下： 一)一般在后加ing。如：spellxspelling, singxsinging, seexseeing, t

9、rainxtraining, playxplaying, hurryxhurrying, watchxwatching, goxgoing, doxdoing 二)以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dancexdancing, wakexwaking, takextaking, practicexpracticing, writexwriting, havexhaving 三)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show &x8211;showing, drawxdrawing)要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：putxputting, runxrunnin

10、g, getxgetting, letxletting, beginxbeginning 四)以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tiextying系 diexdying死 liexlying 位于 4、形容詞的級 我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行比照時，那么要使用比擬或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下： 一) 一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾那么直接加r或st)。如：greaterxgreatest, shorter &x8211;shortest, taller &x8211;tallest, longer &x8211;longest, nicerx nicest, larger xlarg

11、est 二)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如fewxfewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如：bigxbigger biggest, redxredder reddest, hotxhotter hottest 初一英語知識點篇(2):初一英語總復(fù)習(xí)試題推薦 初一英語總復(fù)習(xí)： 定語從句： 根底：引導(dǎo)詞xxxwho, which, that, whom, 練習(xí)1.I like cities_are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _are hardx working. 3.I hate TV sh

12、ows _ are noisy and boring.4.The music _ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot. 5.The food _tastes delicious is not always healthy. 6.Those boys _ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen. 7.The books _ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading. 8.The town _we visited last week is muc

13、h larger than before.9.The book _ he bought is very interesting. 特例：只用that的情況 1先行詞被_或_所修飾，或本身是_時，只能用 that， 2.被修飾的先行詞為 _等不定代詞時, 只能用 that. 3.先行詞被 _等詞修飾時，只能用 that，而不用 which。 4.先行詞里同時含有_，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 5. 以_引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl t

14、hat is crying 練習(xí)1. I am interested in everything_ is about the 2024 World Cup. 2. Is there anything_I can do for you 3. This is the very bike _I lost 4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing _ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary _ I have ever used. 6. He was the first person _passed the exam. 7.He tal

15、ked happily about the men and books_interested him greatly. whose 1. The student _father works in the factory is sitting there. 2. I like the rooms _windows face south.3. This is the desk _legs were broken. 4The woman _ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl _ handwriting is the bes

16、t . 6The banana _skin is green cant be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old. 從句謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由先行詞確定，時態(tài)由從句時間狀語決定，不必跟主句保持一致。 1xHe is one of the boys who _ (doesnt, dont) finish doing homework. 2xI like films which _(be) exciting and interesting. 3xChildren who often _(eat) junk food are easy t

17、o become fat and unhealthy. 4xThat boy who _(run) fastest is from our class. 5Those boys who _ playing the guitar are from our school. (be) 6The trees which _ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who _ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who _ playing the guitar are from our sch

18、ool. (be) 9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _ _ (work) in China. 10Im one of the boys _ _(like) English best. (五)“介詞關(guān)系代詞注意： 介詞的選用要考慮： A.與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系 1I will never forget the day _ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days _ I worked here. 3) I will never forget the year _ my son went to

19、 college. B. 與謂語動詞的搭配習(xí)慣 1Have you found the book _I paid 29 dollars 2Have you found the book _I spent 29 dollars 3) Have you found the book _we learnt a lot 4) Have you found the book _she often talks 關(guān)系副詞的用法 練習(xí)：1. It must be a good place _we can do a lot of exercise. 2.This is the village _we visit

20、ed last week. 3.The house _ we live in is very big./ The house _ we live is very big 4. The woman _ talked to you just now is a doctor. The woman _ you talked to is my sister. The woman to _ you talked is my sister. 5. This is the hospital _ I was born in. This is the hospital in _I was born. This i

21、s the hospital_ I was born. 綜合練習(xí)一. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空 1. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 2. This is the present _he gave me for my birthday.3.The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer. 4. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited. 5. There is nothing in the w

22、orld _can frighten him.6. We visited a factory _makes toys for children. 7. Is this the place _ your father once lived 8. Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League. 9The car_my father bought last month is beautiful.10The man_hair is white is his grandfather. 二 ( )1.Rosa likes music _ is quiet

23、and gentle. A. when B. that C. where D. who ( )2.xxIs the girl _ is interviewing the manager of that company your friendxxYes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose ( )3 Yao Ming is a famous basketball star _ is playing in the NBA. A. whose B. who C. what D. which ( )4. The

24、 doctor _I am waiting for is Mr. Smith. A. which B. whom C. whose D. why ( )5. xxx Do you know Hong Zhanhui xxxYes. Hes the college student _ has moved Chinese people a lot. A. who B. which C. what D. whom ( )6. In my family, my sister is the only person _ loves chocolate. A. which B. who C. whom D.

25、 she ( )7. This is the place _ the old man lived last year. A. when B. where C. that D.which ( ) 8. The song _ Jay Zhou sings are popular with students. A. why B. whom C. what D. which ( )9. The farmer was very thankful to the doctor _ treated his son. A. what B. which C. who D. whose ( )10.I like t

26、o live in a house_ is big and bright. A. that B. who C. how D. why ( )11. The young lady _ we met yesterday is our new math teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which ( )12. xxCan you introduce the town to me xxOK. This is the town in _ I was born. A. that B. who C. which ( )13. Miss green is the on

27、ly person _ can help you with your English. A. she B. whom C. which D. who ( )14. I like the second football match _was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. / ( )15. Is there anything _ to you A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs ( )16. I hate people _ dont help

28、others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they ( )17. This is the only book _I am looking for. A. that B. which C. who D. whom ( )18 Her sister_ you met at my home was a teacher of English. A. whom B. that is C. which D. who is ( )19 The book_is sold out at the moment. A.you need Bwhat you need C.which you need it D that you need it ( )20 Im one of the boys _never late for school. A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is ( )21._cleans the classroom can go hom