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1、1非非謂謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 v-ed不定式不定式to do動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞分分 詞詞-ing-ing 形式形式動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞-ing現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞v-ing2動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞不不定定式式的的使使用用To do like that is foolish.I want to see you I am to visit youHe has lots of work to do.I study hard to improve English.The teacher ask me to answer the question.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)31.

2、主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)swimmingismyhobby.2.賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Ilikeswimming.3.表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)Myhobbyisswimming.4.定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)Iwanttobuyaswimmingsuit.動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞可以以下成分可以以下成分:41.表語(yǔ)Themusicismoving.2.定語(yǔ)Idontlikethepeopletalkingloudlyinpublic.3.賓補(bǔ)Weheardhersinginginherroom.4.狀語(yǔ)Readinganewspaper,Shesatatthetable.現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞可以以下成分可以以下成分:51.表語(yǔ)Theteacherismoved.2.定語(yǔ)I

3、dontlikethemantalkedaboutattheparty.3.賓補(bǔ)Weheardasongsunginherroom.4.狀語(yǔ)Lostinanewspaper,Shedidntnoticeme.過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞可以以下成分可以以下成分:6非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不不定定式式動(dòng)動(dòng)名名詞詞分分詞詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)7非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，不是做謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)句中已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)，不是做謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)句中已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，并且句中沒(méi)

4、有連詞時(shí)，需要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞了。動(dòng)詞，并且句中沒(méi)有連詞時(shí)，需要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞了。The girl is Mary.If I am given more time,I ll catch up with you.The girl dancing in the hall is Mary.Given more time,Ill catch up with you.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)系系(謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ))表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（定）（定）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（狀語(yǔ)）（狀語(yǔ)）連詞連詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓賓謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)Analyze the sentence：劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu)：劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu)8觀察下列例句觀察下列例句,找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

5、找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,并且判斷做并且判斷做什么成分什么成分.()1.Askedwhyhedidit,hesaiditwashisduty.2.Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.()3.Workinghard,youwilldowellinyourexams.()4.Hisparentsdiedinthewar,leavinghimanorphan()5.Theywentintotheroom,laughingandtalking.()6.TomakemuchprogressinEnglish,hestudieshard.()9觀察下列例句觀察下列例句,找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

6、,并且判斷做并且判斷做什么成分什么成分.()1.Askedwhyhedidit,hesaiditwashisduty.2.Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.()3.Workinghard,youwilldowellinyourexams.()4.Hisparentsdiedinthewar,leavinghimanorphan.()5.Theywentintotheroom,laughingandtalking.()6.TomakemuchprogressinEnglish,hestudieshard.()10觀察下列例句觀察下列例句,找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,并且判斷

7、做并且判斷做什么成分什么成分()1.Askedwhyhedidit,hesaiditwashisduty.2.Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.()3.Workinghard,youwilldowellinyourexams.()4.Hisparentsdiedinthewar,leavinghimanorphan()5.Theywentintotheroom,laughingandtalking.()6.TomakemuchprogressinEnglish,hestudieshard.()原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)

8、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 11一一.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)的形式：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)的形式：二二.doing/havingdone三三.done/beingdone/havingbeendone四四.todo/tobedone五五.二二.做題方法：做題方法：析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找邏輯主語(yǔ)，析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找邏輯主語(yǔ)，辯邏輯關(guān)系，判動(dòng)詞先后辯邏輯關(guān)系，判動(dòng)詞先后六六.三三.高考易混點(diǎn)高考易混點(diǎn)121)分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞作狀語(yǔ)形式形式意義意義doinghavingdonedonebeingdonehavingbeendone主動(dòng)，與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或基本主動(dòng)，與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生同時(shí)發(fā)生主動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生主動(dòng)，先

9、于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生被動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，一般作原因狀語(yǔ)放被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，一般作原因狀語(yǔ)放句首句首被動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生被動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生132)不定式做狀語(yǔ) 形式形式 意義意義Todo 主動(dòng)，將來(lái)主動(dòng)，將來(lái)TobedoneTobedoingTohavedoneTohavebeendone 被動(dòng)，被動(dòng)，將來(lái)將來(lái)主動(dòng)，主動(dòng)，正在正在主動(dòng)，完成主動(dòng)，完成被動(dòng)，完成被動(dòng)，完成141.Seeing from the space,the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall.2.The lawyer listened with full attention,

10、trying not to miss any point.3.Not having received a reply,he decided to write again.4.Having waited in the queue for half of an hour,the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.一一.doing/having done 做狀語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為主語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為主動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系，having done 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。Aft

11、er the old man _ in the queuefor half an hour,he suddenly realized he hadhad waited151.Seen from the top of the mountain,the city looks beautiful.2.Compared with those who lived in the slums,Children here are really lucky.3.Having been separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia

12、has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world.4.Having been shown around the Water Cube,we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.5.Beingrepaired,theaccesstothemuseumislocked.二二.done/being done/having been done 做狀語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；主語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為被

13、動(dòng)關(guān)系；having been done 發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前161.Not to fail the examination,all the students are studying hard.2.He hurried to the station,only to be told that the train had left.3.He hurried to the booking office only to find that all the tickets had been sold out.4.I feel greatly honored to be welc

14、omed into their society.三三.to do 做目的，原因，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)做目的，原因，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ) to be done 是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)目的狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)17表表目目的的表表 原原 因因表表 結(jié)結(jié) 果果不不定定式式作作狀狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)182)不定式做狀語(yǔ) 形式形式 意義意義Todo 主動(dòng)，將來(lái)主動(dòng)，將來(lái)TobedoneTobedoingTohavedoneTohavebeendone 被動(dòng)，被動(dòng)，將來(lái)將來(lái)主動(dòng)，主動(dòng)，正在正在主動(dòng)，完成主動(dòng)，完成被動(dòng)，完成被動(dòng)，完成19Istudyhard_thepeoplewell.toserveTose

15、rvethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.(置于句首加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣)Inordertoservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.(更加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣)Istudyhardsoastoservethepeoplewell.(不可用于句首)表表目目的的20Heislucky_hereontime.togetIamhappy_youagain.LiMingseemedwilling_that.Iamsorry_that.toseetodotohear(作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常修飾表作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常修飾表感情感情的形容詞的形容詞,表示表示產(chǎn)生這種感情的原因產(chǎn)生這種感情的原因.)表表 原原 因因2

16、1Ihurriedtogetthereonlytofindhimout.He hurried to the station,only to be told the bus had left.1）(onlytodo表示意料之外的結(jié)果表示意料之外的結(jié)果)2）too.to/enoughto/soasto表表 結(jié)結(jié) 果果His family was too poor to support him He is old enough to go to school.The house is so high and narrow as to resemble a tower.這房子又高又窄，像一座塔這房子又

17、高又窄，像一座塔 22不定式做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)該注意：不定式做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)該注意：1not/nevertootodo,toonottodo,but/onlytootodo,tooreadytodo,tooeagertodo表示肯定意義。表示肯定意義。Heistoocarefulnottohavenoticedthat.他那么小心他那么小心,肯定會(huì)注意到那一點(diǎn)的?？隙〞?huì)注意到那一點(diǎn)的。Sheistoosadnottohelpcrying.她那么傷心，忍不住哭了。她那么傷心，忍不住哭了。Iamonlytoogladtohelpyou.我很高興能幫助你。我很高興能幫助你。Iamonlynevertoogladt

18、oknowyou.認(rèn)識(shí)你我再高興不過(guò)了。認(rèn)識(shí)你我再高興不過(guò)了。Marywasonlytooreadytohelpothers.瑪麗總是樂(lè)于助人瑪麗總是樂(lè)于助人.Youcannotbetoocarefulwhenyoudrivecar.你開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)無(wú)論怎么小心都不過(guò)分。你開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)無(wú)論怎么小心都不過(guò)分。231)分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞作狀語(yǔ)形式形式意義意義doinghavingdonedonebeingdonehavingbeendone主動(dòng)，與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或基本主動(dòng)，與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生同時(shí)發(fā)生主動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生主動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生被動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，一般作原因狀語(yǔ)放被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，一

19、般作原因狀語(yǔ)放句首句首被動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生被動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生241.表時(shí)間表時(shí)間2.表原因表原因4.表方式表方式,伴隨伴隨5.表結(jié)果表結(jié)果現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)3.表讓步表讓步251.表時(shí)間表時(shí)間2.表原因表原因4.表伴隨表伴隨5.表結(jié)果表結(jié)果過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)3.表?xiàng)l件、讓步表?xiàng)l件、讓步26A.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：When they heard the bad news，they couldnt help crying.=_(hear)the bad news,they couldnt help crying.When we were taken around the city,we were

20、 deeply impressed by the citys new look.When _ around the city,we were deeply impressed by the citys new look.After he finished his work,he went home._ his work,he went home.Hearing taken Having finished27B.作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)：Because he was poor,he could not afford to travel abroad.=_(be poor),he could not

21、afford to travel abroad._(encourage)by his heroic deeds,they worked harder._(lose)in thought,he almost ran into a post._(frighten)by the big forest fire,the animals all ran away._(not know)her address,we couldnt get in touch with her.Being poorEncouragedLostFrightenedNot knowing28Because I hadnt rec

22、eived his letter,I decided to call him up.=_(not receive)his letter,I decided to call him up._(never be)to the city,he soon got lost.Not having receivedHaving never been29C.方式方式/伴隨狀語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ):She watched the film,_(weep)and _(sigh).The teacher stood there,_(surround)by a lot of students.D.作條件狀語(yǔ)作條件狀語(yǔ)：If I

23、 were given another chance,I would have done the job far better.=_ another chance,I would have done the job far better.(If)_(play)all day,you will waste your valuable time.weepingsighingsurroundedGivenPlaying30E.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：(意料中的結(jié)果意料中的結(jié)果)The hunters fired,_(shoot)one of the wolves.The bus was held u

24、p by the snowstorm,thus _(cause)the delay.區(qū)別區(qū)別:不定式表示意外的結(jié)果不定式表示意外的結(jié)果 He hurried to the station,only _(find)the train had left.F.作讓步狀語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)：Though it heavily rained heavily,it cleared up very soon.=_,it cleared up very soon.Though _(tell)of the danger,he still risked his life to save the boy.shootingc

25、ausingto findRaining heavilytold31分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),需注意需注意:A.分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),它的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常應(yīng)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常應(yīng)是_ _(see)from the hill,the city is beautiful._(see)from the hill,you can see the whole city.B.分詞短語(yǔ)的位置分詞短語(yǔ)的位置:一般來(lái)說(shuō)一般來(lái)說(shuō),時(shí)間時(shí)間,原因原因,條件條件,讓步等分詞短語(yǔ)多放在句首讓步等分詞短語(yǔ)多放在句首;而表結(jié)果而表結(jié)果,伴隨的分詞短語(yǔ)放在句尾伴隨的分詞短語(yǔ)放在句尾.Finding the door l

26、ocked,Tom went home.(_)Tom went home,finding the door locked.（_）主句的主語(yǔ)主句的主語(yǔ)SeenSeeing原因原因結(jié)果結(jié)果32二二.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)的解題方法的解題方法33（一）析句子結(jié)構(gòu)（一）析句子結(jié)構(gòu),辨別辨別“謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)”1._many times,but he still couldnt understand it.2._many times,he still couldnt understand it.A.Having been told B.Being told C.He had been

27、told D.Though he was toldCA注意注意連詞連詞34非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語(yǔ)，但仍具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語(yǔ)，但仍具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語(yǔ)。其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語(yǔ)。（二）找（二）找邏輯主語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ)1.They went into the room,laughing and talking.2.Given more time,I can do better.一一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的般來(lái)說(shuō)，作狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的_._.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 351._ from the top,the stadium lo

28、oks like a bird nest.A.Seeing B.Seen2._ from the space,the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall.A.Seeing B.Seenthe stadiumthe astronautSeenSeeing361._ different cultures,we often pay attention to the differences without noticing the mainly similarities.2._ with the size of the whole earth,the b

29、iggest ocean does not seem big at all.A.Compared B.Comparing C.To compareComparingwethe biggest oceanWe compare the biggest ocean with/to the size of the whole ocean.=The biggest ocean is compared with/to the size of the whole earth.（三）辨邏輯關(guān)系（三）辨邏輯關(guān)系即判斷主被動(dòng)即判斷主被動(dòng)Compared37（四）判動(dòng)詞先后（四）判動(dòng)詞先后 1._ the old

30、man,the young people started walking slowly.A.Followed B.Following B.C.To follow D.Having followed2._ the fruit,the girl became pregnant and gave a birth to a handsome boy.A.Having swallowed B.Swallowing B.C.To swallowFollowing Having swallowed38C1._ yourself to sunlight for too much time,you will g

31、et your skin sun-burnt._ to sunlight for too much time,your skin will be harmed.A.ExposedB.Having exposed C.ExposingD.After being exposed2._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having sufferedB.Suffering C.To suffer D.SufferedAATest yourself393.Theresearchisso

32、designedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun4.Findinghercarstolen,_.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp5.Theideaforthenewplancametohismind,_tohisexperimentinthelab.AwhiledevotingB.wh

33、iledevotinghimselfCwhilehewasdevotedD.whiledevotedDDC40形成性檢測(cè)形成性檢測(cè)1.改寫(xiě)下列句子改寫(xiě)下列句子,其劃線(xiàn)部分應(yīng)改為分詞短語(yǔ)其劃線(xiàn)部分應(yīng)改為分詞短語(yǔ)(C級(jí)級(jí))1.Look round when you cross the street.2.When she heard the news,she burst into laughter.3.As she was still rather weak,she could not stay up for too long.4.Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.5.A cold rain was falling.It was mixed with snow.when crossing the