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1、語(yǔ)法專題 Object Clause 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句 第1頁(yè) 一、賓語(yǔ)從句概念一、賓語(yǔ)從句概念I(lǐng) like my teacher.（名詞作賓語(yǔ)（名詞作賓語(yǔ))I know him.（代詞作賓語(yǔ)）代詞作賓語(yǔ)）I know Mr Li teaches English.(句子作賓語(yǔ)）句子作賓語(yǔ)）概念：賓語(yǔ)從句即句子作賓語(yǔ)，概念：賓語(yǔ)從句即句子作賓語(yǔ)，而不再是一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。而不再是一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。第2頁(yè)二.包含賓語(yǔ)從句句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語(yǔ)從句Eg:I know that he is honest.第3頁(yè)三、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素三、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素連連 接接 詞詞時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 序序

2、第4頁(yè)（一）連接詞（一）連接詞1.That：引導(dǎo)陳說(shuō)句，常省略：引導(dǎo)陳說(shuō)句，常省略2.whether/if：引導(dǎo)普通疑問(wèn)句，意為：引導(dǎo)普通疑問(wèn)句，意為“是是否否”3.連接代詞連接代詞who whom whose what which4.連接副詞連接副詞when why where how。第5頁(yè)(1).陳說(shuō)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常略。e.g,She told me(that)she would like to go with us.第6頁(yè)(2)以以whether或或if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)普通疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)普通疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思賓

3、語(yǔ)從句。從句一樣是陳疑問(wèn)句意思賓語(yǔ)從句。從句一樣是陳說(shuō)語(yǔ)序說(shuō)語(yǔ)序eg,I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei.第7頁(yè)Do you have a penfriend?Mary asked me（合并一句）Mary asked me I had a penfriend.If/whether第8頁(yè)If與whether區(qū)分1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next w

4、eek.4._ he will come is not decided.與與or not 連用只能用連用只能用whether介詞后只能用介詞后只能用whether與與to do 不定式連用只能用不定式連用只能用whether作主語(yǔ)只能用作主語(yǔ)只能用whether第9頁(yè)第10頁(yè)由連接代詞由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,what及連接及連接副詞副詞 when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句Where does he live?I didnt know.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句I didnt know _he _.wherelived第11頁(yè)（二）語(yǔ)序：陳說(shuō)句語(yǔ)序（二

5、）語(yǔ)序：陳說(shuō)句語(yǔ)序即：陳說(shuō)句結(jié)構(gòu)（主即：陳說(shuō)句結(jié)構(gòu)（主+謂謂+其它成份）其它成份）第12頁(yè)（三）三）時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)(時(shí)態(tài)一致性）時(shí)態(tài)一致性）1.假如主句時(shí)態(tài)是假如主句時(shí)態(tài)是普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從，賓語(yǔ)從 句句時(shí)態(tài)依據(jù)詳細(xì)情況來(lái)確定，能夠是時(shí)態(tài)依據(jù)詳細(xì)情況來(lái)確定，能夠是_時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)。I dont think(that)you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr.Smith moved here?任任 何何第13頁(yè)2.假如主句時(shí)態(tài)是假如主句時(shí)態(tài)是普通過(guò)去時(shí)普通過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用對(duì)應(yīng)

6、，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用對(duì)應(yīng)_時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)（普通過(guò)去時(shí)，（普通過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。比如：去未來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。比如：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.過(guò)去過(guò)去第14頁(yè)3.假如賓語(yǔ)從句所陳說(shuō)是假如賓語(yǔ)從句所陳說(shuō)是客觀真理客觀真理，即使主，即使主句用了句用了過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)，從句仍用，從句仍用 _時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)。比如：比如：The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.

7、普通現(xiàn)在普通現(xiàn)在第15頁(yè)Do you know _?A.where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will doCB鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)：I從以下從以下A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。第16頁(yè)4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but cou

8、ld not find _?A.what Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was LilyC3.We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives here C第17頁(yè)5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will

9、take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled AC第18頁(yè)7.Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what D.whichA8.Could you tell me _?A.when will they leave BeijingB.when would they leave BeijingC.when they will leave Beij

10、ing D.when did they leave Beijing C第19頁(yè)I didnt know.Will he come back?(合并一句）I didnt know_he _come back.Where did you buy your pen?Do you remember?(改為賓語(yǔ)從句）Do you remember _I _my pen.I dont know what I should do with the broken bike.I dont know what _ _with the broken bike.He told me.The earth is roun

11、d.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句）He told me _ the earth _round.第20頁(yè)I didnt know.Will he come back?(合并一句）I didnt know if/whether he would come back.Where did you buy your pen?Do you remember?(改為賓語(yǔ)從句）Do you remember where I bought my pen.I dont know what I should do with the broken bike.I dont know what to do with the broke

12、n bike.He told me.The earth is round.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句）He told me _that the earth is round.第21頁(yè)賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從從句句小小結(jié)結(jié)一一.結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)1.當(dāng)陳說(shuō)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)當(dāng)陳說(shuō)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):主句主句+that+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)部分2.當(dāng)普通疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)當(dāng)普通疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):主句主句+if(whether)+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)部分3.當(dāng)當(dāng)特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):主句主句+特殊疑問(wèn)詞特殊疑問(wèn)詞+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)部分二主從時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系二主從時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系主句主句從句從句

13、普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通過(guò)去時(shí)普通過(guò)去時(shí)3.(特殊特殊):任何時(shí)態(tài)任何時(shí)態(tài)(客觀、自然現(xiàn)象客觀、自然現(xiàn)象)三三.語(yǔ)序：陳說(shuō)語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)序：陳說(shuō)語(yǔ)序時(shí)態(tài)不變時(shí)態(tài)不變時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)改變時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)改變普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)第22頁(yè)(二）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)相同，且主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know,remember,forget,learn 等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg:(2)She doesnt know what she should do next.She doesnt know_.(三）當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask,tell,show,teach 等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg:(3)W

14、ill you please show me how I can work it out?Will you please show me _.(四）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。eg:(4)A:Please be quiet.B:What did Bill say?A:He asked us to be quiet.what to do nexthow to work it out第23頁(yè)四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語(yǔ)從句主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時(shí)

15、，要將從句否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用必定式。eg:(5)I dont think he will come with you.注意：這種句子在其后接附加問(wèn)句時(shí)，要尤其小心。eg:(6)I dont believe he has finished the work,_?(7)He knew why Jim wasnt at school,_?解析：例6，當(dāng)主句主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句主語(yǔ)由賓 語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。例7，假如主句主語(yǔ)非第一人稱時(shí)，則附加問(wèn)句主語(yǔ) 由主句主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。has hedidnt he第24頁(yè)三、賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句轉(zhuǎn)換（一）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主

16、語(yǔ)相同，且主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.Ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail_.第25頁(yè)II.改錯(cuò)：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun alw

17、ays rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.第26頁(yè)1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear he _(return)it already.

18、5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)6.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)7.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)8.I think you _ about the relay race now.(talk)9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)will be goes were playing has returne

19、d had been travels are talking were were doing第27頁(yè)10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)11.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the earth.12.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)13.Ling Feng told me he _ to several times.(be)14.Our teacher told us in class the sun

20、_ in the east.(rise)15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has taken has been risesdid第28頁(yè)將以下句子合并為一句將以下句子合并為一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you say at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my homework.”He

21、said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will sayat the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.第29頁(yè)6.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.7.“When will

22、he come back?”Tom asked.8.“How can I get to the station?”Could you tell me?9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.第30頁(yè)Goodbye!第31頁(yè)