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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語定語從句專項(xiàng)語法講解一、定語從句的概念:在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that， which， who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where， when， why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語從句的重要成分。三、定語從句的分類 可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主

2、句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開，起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：The man that is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker（ that指人，作主語） This is the doctor that you talked about yesterday.（that指人 作賓語）There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. （that指物 作主

3、語）The letter that I received yesterday was from my father（that指物 作賓語）2.which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：Mary likes music which is quiet and gentle.（which指物作主語） The film which we saw last night was wonderful. （which指物作賓語）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主語，whom用作賓語。在中，有時(shí)可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如： This is th

4、e thief who stole my bike （who指人，作主語）He is the boy whom you wanted to find.（who指人，作賓語）The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside媽媽是個(gè)醫(yī)生的那個(gè)女孩在外面等你。作定語五、關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：1. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如： He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個(gè)通過的人。

5、2.被修飾的先行詞為all， any， much， many， everything，anything， none， the one等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？3.先行詞被the ， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如： This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。4. 先行詞里同時(shí)

6、含有人或物時(shí)，只能用that， 而不用which.例如： I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。5.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that.例如： Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰？6.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which.例如： There is a  on the desk that belongs

7、to Tom. 上那本書是的。六、關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況： 1.先行詞為that， those時(shí)，用which， 而不用that.Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？ 2.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.例如： This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。 3.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which， 而不用that.例如： Tom came back， which made us happy. 湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。五、關(guān)系副

8、詞的用法（1）when指時(shí)間，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語。例如： This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。（2）where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如： This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。（3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。初中英語定語從句專項(xiàng)語法練習(xí)（ ）1. I like the music I can dan

9、ce to.A. that B. whose C. when D. how（ ）2. The book he bought yesterday is very interesting.A.不填 B. why C. when D. what （ ）3. This is one of the best films I have ever seen.A. which B. that C. in which D. in that（ ）4. The town we visited a few years ago is much large than before.A. it B. who C. whic

10、h D. where（ ）5. The young lady we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.A. what B. whose C. whom D. which（ ）6. The man is smoking there is Li Mings father.A. which B. where C. who D. whose （ ）7. I like the teacher classes are very interesting and creative.A. which B. who C. what D. whose （ ）8. I li

11、ke to live in the house is big and bright.A. that B. who C. how D. what（ ）9. -Do you know the man came here yesterday? -Yes , he brought me the most interesting book I had wanted to buy.A. who, which B. who, that C. whom, which D. what, that （ ）10. I love people are friendly to others.A. which B. wh

12、ose C. what D. who（ ）11. The skirt is made of silk is very expensive. I cant afford it.A. what B. / C. that D. it（ ）12. This is the girl mother is an English teacher of our school.A. that B. who C. whom D. whose（ ）13. The songs Alice sang were very popular.A. where B. who C. that D. whose （ ）14. -Do

13、 you know the  _is talking with your father？ -Yes， hes our head. A. he B. who C. which D. whom（ ）15. This is the best  _I know in the . A. where B. which C. that D. it（ ）16. My watch is not the  thing _ is missing.A. that B. it C. which D. who（ ）17. The  _coat is black is waiting at the gateA. whos Bwhose C. that D. of which.（ ）18. The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister.A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was專心-專注-專業(yè)