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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法賓語(yǔ)從句講解小口訣：賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不需受限制；主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí)；陳述轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問(wèn)用if/whether,特殊問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一 基本講解 來(lái)源：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，可做V謂/介詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)。e.g. He said, “I am good at drawing”.He said he was good at drawing. (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語(yǔ))1.引導(dǎo)詞 (1) tha

2、t引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常用陳述句充當(dāng), that可省略。e.g. She said, “I want to go there ” She said (that) she wanted to go there.They all know (that) Jim is good at skating.(2) whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,由一般疑問(wèn)句/選擇疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)，陳述語(yǔ)序。e.g. “Are you interested in geography?” she said.She asked if/whether I was interested in geography.I wonder

3、 if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei .Im not sure whether he will come or not.注意：一般情況下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情況例外a. 介詞短語(yǔ)后只用whether 不用ife.g. We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或or not 連用時(shí)，只用whether.e.g. I cant say whether or not he will come on timec. if當(dāng)如果講時(shí),引導(dǎo)

4、的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示如果，不能用whether.e.g. If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay.(3)特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不可省略，陳述句語(yǔ)序。特殊疑問(wèn)詞為：how , when, where, why ,which whose. What 引導(dǎo)賓從時(shí)做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。e.g. What do you want? He asked. He asked me what I wanted.I have

5、 no idea where he is now. I dont know how to deal with it.He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class.對(duì)比下列句子，看what 做什么成分： He asked what was the wrong/matter with me. （what 做主語(yǔ)） He doesnt know what to do now. (做賓語(yǔ)) He asked me who he was. (who 做表語(yǔ))2.賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)a.主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制e.g. Do you know

6、if/whether he has seen the film?Im sorry to hear that your father is ill.She says she is going to go to Beijing next week.He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.b.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去的相應(yīng)某種時(shí)態(tài)She didnt know why the boy was late again. (過(guò)去一般)I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（過(guò)去完成）I

7、 wondered when she was going to America.（過(guò)去將來(lái)）注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：e.g. He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us（seeing is believing.）3.語(yǔ)序：陳述語(yǔ)序，主+謂+其他* when will you leave for Beijing?（Could you ple

8、ase tell me） Could you please tell me when you will leave for Beijing?*Has she seen the movie？（He asked.） He asked if she had seen the movie.*Could you tell me what's the matter/wrong with you?二、賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化1.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：e.g. She agreed that she co

9、uld help me with my math. She agreed to help me with my math.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面有特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓從時(shí)，可以簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。如： e.g. She forgot what she should take. she forgot to take it3. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是find，see，watch，hear等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：e.g. She found that the

10、 wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.三否定轉(zhuǎn)移e.g. I dont think he is cool. 我認(rèn)為他并不酷常用詞：believe，suppose等 四注意問(wèn)題和易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1.由粗心大意導(dǎo)致語(yǔ)序的錯(cuò)亂，長(zhǎng)從句也只有主謂賓語(yǔ)序，不要受引導(dǎo)詞的影響（可暫時(shí)忽略引導(dǎo)詞，直接看從句）2. Whether/if 用法傻傻分不清（whether 是否，if是否/如果）3.從句中介詞短語(yǔ)的介詞弄丟e.g. I dont know who she is looking at.

11、(容易丟了at )4.賓從和定從同時(shí)出現(xiàn)完全不知所措（賓從是作賓語(yǔ)，誰(shuí)做了什么，說(shuō)了什么，誰(shuí)想知道什么等，定從修飾名詞，引導(dǎo)詞只有who/that/who/whose/which/as/when/where/why ，what 不能用語(yǔ)定從，只用于賓從）5. 混淆視覺(jué)的句子，錯(cuò)當(dāng)是疑問(wèn)句e.g. Jim didnt know what was wrong with his computer. 賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will l

12、eave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him.A. that

13、B. if C. why D. how5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _. A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8

14、.Ask him _ .A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I dont know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know _