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1、初中定語從句講解,A matching game！,Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._,Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.,He is a t

2、eacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.,I dont like the man who is smoking.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,I like quiet music.,I like music that is quiet.,定語從句,1. 什么是定語從句？2. 什么是先行詞？3. 什么是關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞？如何確定？4. 如何把兩個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)定語從句？,Think about it,在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞、代詞的從句叫定語從句,定語從句,先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。

3、 定語從句一般放在先行詞后面。,關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞稱為關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為 關(guān)系代詞（that, which, who, whom, whose)和 關(guān)系副詞（when, where, why)。關(guān)系代詞在從 句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分，關(guān)系副詞 在句中作狀語。,I like music that / which I can dance to.,先行詞,關(guān)系代詞,定語從句,I like the singer who is beautiful.,I like the movie that is funny.,找一找,I still remember the first time when

4、 I met her.,I have an apple.,An apple is red.,I have an apple,that is red.,修飾先行詞 an apple,I have some friends.,Some friends like sports.,I have some friends,who like sports.,修飾先行詞 friends,I like the movie. The movie is exciting.,I like the movie that is exciting .,that 修飾先行詞movie,The woman who lives

5、 next door is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,The woman lives next door.,who修飾先行詞woman,關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系代詞: that, which, who, whom, whose關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why,關(guān)系代詞： 指物：that which 指人：who (主/賓格) that whom（賓格）,關(guān)系代詞that, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that、which. (作主語或賓語),This is a dream.The dream will ne

6、ver come true.,This is a dream which/that will never come true.,The dog has been found.The dog was lost.,The dog which was lost has been found.,Practise: This is the house which is for sale.2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.,which / that 作主語. (不能省),（作主語）,which / that 作賓語 ： （可省略）,This i

7、s the card.Ive just received the card.,This is the card which / that Ive just received.,Practise:This is the mistake which /that I always make. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me. I lost the pen which my father bought me.,( ),（作賓語）,關(guān)系代詞who, that, whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, t

8、hat (作主語或賓語)whom (作賓語),who / that 作主語. (不能省),This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主語),The boy who broke the window is called Roy. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday? The girl who is watering the flower

9、s is my cousin.,/ that,who / whom / that 作賓語：( 可省略),The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.,The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作賓語）,The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last

10、night.,The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.,小結(jié)：that 既可指人，也可指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。which指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略.,who 指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞定。,有時(shí)只能用 that , 不用 which, 常見的情況有六種：,當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, n

11、othing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時(shí)。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí) That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,The first thing that I should do is to review my lesson

12、s.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same等修飾時(shí)。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以 who 或 which開頭時(shí)，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?,5. 先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog that

13、I always meet are standing by the gate.,whose 作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。,The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.,The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.,A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤兒).A. who B. whose C. whos D. which,關(guān)系代詞只能用which 的情況,1.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí) ，引導(dǎo)詞用which This is

14、 the house in which Lu Xun lived,2.先行詞本身是that 時(shí) ，引導(dǎo)詞用which. The clock is that which tells the time,3.一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語從句時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù) ，一個(gè)用that ，另一個(gè)用which,This is the monkey that escaps from the zoo which is new.,注意：關(guān)系代詞做定語從句的主語時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致。,I like music that is gentle,I like singers who write their

15、own lyrics.,例句賞析,Its an invention which /that is used for keeping off the rain .,飄,Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell.,Gone with the wind,Its the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.,Its an animal that/which.,Its an animal that / which has big nose.,Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空,T

16、he boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.I hate people _ talk much but do little.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.,who / that,which/ that,who / that,which / that,5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,which,that,當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系