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1、第十節(jié) 語法理論名詞性從句一、名詞性從句的作用a. It is the reason. 主語b. I know it. 賓語c. The reason is it. 表語d. I know the fact (it).二、名詞性從句的形式1. 陳述句I love you. That I love you; a. It is the reason. That I love you is the reason.b. I know it.I know that I love you.c. The reason is it.The reason is that I love you.d. I know

2、 the fact (it).I know the fact that I love you. The fact= I love you. 爸爸， 媽媽的老公； 譚劍波，一個可愛的男人。2. 一般疑問句 yes/no;Do I love you? If/whether + I love you; a. It is the reason.Whether I love you is the reason.b. I know it.I know whether I love you.c. The reason is it.The reason is whether I love you.d. I k

3、now the question (it).I know the question whether I love you.3. 特殊疑問句 why/how/what/when/where.Why do I love you? 不能用yes或no來回答Why I love you.a. It is the reason. Why I love you is the reason.b. I know it. I know why I love you.c. The reason is it. The reason is why I love you.d. I know the question (

4、it).I know the question why I love you.三、名詞性從句種類1. 主語從句: That/ wh-. +句子That the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere is surely a good thing . (2014英一閱讀)步驟：翻譯：1. 主干 that. is surely a good thing主系表.當(dāng)然是一件好事2. 從句That the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewher

5、e 金錢和注意力來到科學(xué)而不是別的地方-財力和注意力放在科學(xué)而不是其他方面3. 整合財力和注意力放在科學(xué)而不是其他方面當(dāng)然是一件好事。4. 應(yīng)用2022寫作That the money and attention come to all-around development rather than go elsewhere is surely a good thing. 2分That the money and attention come to reading books rather than go elsewhere is surely a good thing.That the mon

6、ey and attention come to (protecting the environment ) rather than go elsewhere is surely a good thing.Whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor is an unanswered question.（2005年英一閱讀）步驟：翻譯：1. 主干whether or whether is an

7、 unanswered question. 主系表是否.或 是否.是一個未回答的問題。2. 從句 主1謂1 + 主2 謂2 Whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans；whether it stems from the common ancestor是否這種公平感在卷尾猴和人類中獨立進化而來；是否來源于共同的祖先；3. 整合是否這種公平感在卷尾猴和人類中獨立進化而來，還是（是否）來源于共同的祖先，是個未知的問題。4. 應(yīng)用Whether ., or whether. is a .q

8、uestion/problem/issue. 2是否孩子們應(yīng)該獨立思考，還是是否他們應(yīng)該合作，是個要解決的問題。Whether children should think independently, or whether they should cooperate is a problem to be addressed. 是否大學(xué)生應(yīng)該創(chuàng)業(yè)還是他們應(yīng)該求職，是個要回答的問題。 start a business; Whether college students should start their own business, or whether they should look for

9、jobs is a question to be answered.形式主語: It. to do.; It. that/ wh-.It. that/ wh-.：It is said that in England death is pressing. (2003英一閱讀)=that in England death is pressing is said.步驟：翻譯：1. 主干 it is said; 據(jù)說2. 從句 in England death is pressing 主系表在英國，死亡是緊迫的。3. 整合據(jù)說，在英國死亡是緊迫的。It. to do.It is difficult f

10、or the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time.（2010英一閱讀）步驟：翻譯：1. 主干it is difficult to imagine a time很難去想象一個時代-想象一個時代很難2. 修飾 for the average reader狀語； under the age of forty定語；對于普通讀者；四十歲以下的讀者-四十歲以下的普通讀者3. 整合對于四十歲以下的普通讀者而言，很難去想象一個時代。That the money and attention come to science rather

11、than go elsewhere is surely a good thing. (2014英一閱讀)It is said that in England death is pressing. (2003英一閱讀)=that in England death is pressing is said.It is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. _3. 賓語從句: v./ prep. / be adj. (直覺或感情) + that/ wh-I t

12、hink (that) hot hot hot is sensational.步驟：翻譯：1. 主干2. 從句3. 整合I know where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. (2013英二閱讀)步驟：翻譯：1. 主干2. 從句3. 整合Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds should

13、not be used for such an experiment. (1999英一閱讀)步驟：翻譯：1. 主干2. 從句3. 整合 4. 表語從句: be/系動詞 + that/ wh-.The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes. （2006英一閱讀）步驟：翻譯：1. 主干2. 從句3. 整合The wonderful thing about failure is that we decide how we look at it.（2020英二翻譯）步驟：翻譯：1. 主干2. 從句3. 整合4.

14、應(yīng)用The reason is that both globalization and the information technology revolution advance. (2013 英二閱讀）步驟：翻譯：1. 主干2. 從句3. 整合5. 同位語從句 n (抽象名詞) + that / wh-.抽象名詞： idea/ fact/ feeling/ chance/ possibility/ phenomenon/ proof/ notion/ claimIs there any chance that Carduss criticism will enjoy a revival? （2010英一閱讀）步驟：翻譯：1. 主干2. 從句3. 整合It is the surest proof that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. （