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1、介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞, 詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞。在句中不能單獨(dú)作句子成分。介詞后面一般有名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類，短語或從句作它的賓語。,介詞的含義,什么是介詞？它的作用是什么？,1.Look at me.( )2.He goes to school by bike.( )3.He is interested in drawing.( )4.The book is on the desk.( ),代詞,名詞,動(dòng)名詞,介詞:通常用在_、_、_ 之前，表示某個(gè)人、事物/東西、事件與 另一個(gè)之間的_。,名詞,代詞,名詞,動(dòng)名詞,關(guān)系,介詞的主要分類：,1. at the cinema, i

2、n the hospital _2. Write with a pen, go by bus _ 3. in summer, on Septemper 1st _4. by the way, at last, in the end _,地點(diǎn)介詞,方式介詞,時(shí)間介詞,固定搭配,一.地點(diǎn)介詞,1.at the village , at home, at the corner of the street. _2.in Shanghai , in the country, in Asia, in the world, in space _3. in the box, on the chair, und

3、er the desk, next to Kate, on the right of Lucy, in front of the house, behind the door _,表示小地方用at,表示大地方用in,表示不同地方用具體不同的介詞,填上正確的地點(diǎn)介詞：,1.在廣州 _ Guangzhou 2.在電影院 _ the cinema3.在湖邊 _ the lake 4.在海里 _ the sea5.樹上的蘋果 apples _ the tree6.書上的小鳥 birds _ the tree7.在天空上 _ the sky8.在教室外 _ the classroom9.在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上 _ t

4、he farm10.在街道上 _ the street,in,at,by,in,on,in,in,outside,on,in,二.方式介詞,1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a lock _2. see with our eyes, do with our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths _3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three language _4. in a loud voice, in a

5、 low voice _5. in this way, by this means _,使用工具用介詞 with,使用器官用介詞 with,使用語言用介詞 in,使用聲音用介詞 in,使用方法用介詞 in 或 by,6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car (on foot) by land 陸路， by sea 水路，by air 空運(yùn) _ 但：on the bike, on the bus, on the train, on the plane, on the ship, in the car7. Shanghai lie

6、s _the east of China.( ) Japan lies _the east of China.( ) Hubei lies _the north of Hunan.( )8.in a read coat, the girl in yellow, the boy in white _9.lie in bed, after a while, in the sun（在陽光下） under the sun（天下，世界上；到底，究竟）,使用交通工具用 by,in,to,on,在中國(guó)內(nèi)部,在中國(guó)外部,兩地接壤,表示穿衣服用 in,固定搭配,( ),三.時(shí)間介詞,1.at six ocloc

7、k, at noon, at that time, at half past three, at mid-night _2.on Sunday, on New Years Day, on March 21st, on my birthday _3. in three days, in a week, in a month, in May, in 1998 _4. in the morning, in the afternoon , in the evening _ 但： on the morning of May 1st5. at night = _ _ night6. in the day

8、= in the _,表示點(diǎn)鐘或具體一點(diǎn)時(shí)間用 at,表示在某一天用 on,表示大于一天的時(shí)間用 in,在早上/下午/傍晚 用 in,in,the,day-time,later單獨(dú)使用可用將來時(shí)或過去時(shí)態(tài)The others will join us later。later on 后來，再過些時(shí)候,7. 具體時(shí)間用不同的介詞:,在放假期間 _the holiday 在圣誕節(jié)期間 _ Christmas 三天之后 three days _ （一般過去時(shí)） _ three days （一般過去時(shí)） _ three days（一般將來時(shí)）,during,later,at,after,in,注意,(1

9、)介詞短語： at breakfast from now on from then on on ones way to at first at last in the end in front of in time on time in the middle of at least at most instead of at once on foot at the same time by the way,四.固定搭配的含介詞的中考詞組:,在吃早飯,(2)Do you remember them?,在歲時(shí) _ the age of 有時(shí) _ times/sometimes 開始,在起初 _ t

10、he beginning of 此刻 _ the/this moment = now 在結(jié)尾,在盡頭_ the end of 例如 _ example =such_ 匆忙地 _ a hurry 到的時(shí)候 _ the time=when 從到 _ 在戶外,在野外 _ the open air,at,at,at,at,at,for,in,by,from,to,in,as,相鄰，靠近 next _ 遍及 all_ 將來 _ the future 由于,幸虧 thanks _ 過了一會(huì)兒 _ a while 在地球上 _ the earth 到底、究竟_ earth 下課/放學(xué)/下班后 _ lass/

11、school/work 展出 _ show 值日 _ duty 獨(dú)立, 單獨(dú) all _ oneself 令(某人)驚訝 _ ones surprise,to,in,to,after,on,after,on,on,by,to,over,on,(3)固定搭配:,arrive _/_a place find _ （發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到）get on/along _ be afraid _ sth. hand _(上交） hand _(分發(fā)）be angry _ sb. be angry _ sth. be strict _ sb. be strict _ sth. be ready _ be full _=

12、be filled_be good _=do well _ be busy _ sth. be late _ be interested _eat _ give _ (放棄） grow _,in,at,with,up,in,for,at,for,up,up,out,of,with,with,of,in,at,out,with,in,with,in,Remember and translate:,hear from (sb) ring up hold on 1. 繼續(xù);堅(jiān)持;保持 2.(打電話時(shí))等一等 hurry up stop sb. from doing sth. knock at/on

13、take off laugh at take part in listen to think about look after/at/for/up/out try on try out take care of turn on/off make friends with wait for pay for wake up put on/up/off write down worry about make progress with,be familiar with sb./sth. （人）熟悉某人/某物be familiar to sb. （物）為某人所熟悉,be strict with sb.

14、 對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求be strict in sth. 嚴(yán)格對(duì)待某事,in the air 在空中on the air播出,shout to 呼喊，向喊shout at對(duì)吼，責(zé)罵,in the endat lastfinally最后by the end of到末止at the end of在結(jié)束時(shí)，在末端，,be known to sb.為某人所知 be known as 作為而出名，被叫作 be known for因而出名,be busy with sth.忙于某事be busydoing sth.忙著做某事,ahead of time提前，超前 sometime某時(shí) some time某段時(shí)間

15、，某一時(shí)期 sometimes=at times有時(shí) some times 許多次，許多倍 at a time=each time每次 at one time=once曾經(jīng),常用易混淆介詞辨析,after/ in 皆可表示時(shí)間在之后，其區(qū)別為：after .表示“在某點(diǎn)時(shí)間之后”，用于將來時(shí)。如： Well go out for a walk after supper.表示“一段時(shí)間之后”，用于過去時(shí)。如： My mother came home after half an hour.in表示“一段時(shí)間之后”，用于將來時(shí)。如： Well go to school in two weeks.,b

16、etween /among1) between 多指兩者之間。如：Whats the difference between the two words? 2) among 指三者或三者以上的同類事物之間，在或籠統(tǒng)的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在中間，在之中”。如：The young people lived and worked among the workers. 注意：我們可以說between you and me，但不能說 between you and I，因?yàn)閎etween是介詞。 3) between還可以用來指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物的每?jī)蓚€(gè)之間。三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的名詞用and連接，前

17、面用between，而不用among。如：There is not much difference between the three of them. Switzerland lies _ France, Ger-many, Austria and Italy.,between,besides /exceptWe have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang（除之外，還有）全部計(jì)算在內(nèi)We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.（除之外，不計(jì)算在內(nèi)）All the students in our class went

18、 to the cinema _ Kangkang, why?Because he had a bad cold. AExcept Bbesides CBeside Dwithout,【解析】except“除之外”，排除在外的意思；besides“除之外”，包含在內(nèi)；beside“在旁邊”；without“沒有”。根據(jù)題意可知用except，故選A。,over表示與某物不接觸的“正上方”，under與其相對(duì)，表示“正下方”。The sky is over our heads. 天空在我們頭頂上。The cat is under the table. 那只貓?jiān)谧雷拥紫?。above表示“在的上方”

19、，“高于”；below與其相對(duì)，表示“在的下面”，“低于”。The temperature will stay above zero in the day time，but at night it will fall below zero again.白天氣溫將保持在零度以上，但在晚上又將降到零度以下。on指兩個(gè)物體表面接觸，一個(gè)在另一的上面。They put some flowers on the teachers desk.他們把一些花放在講桌上。,over, above, on,cross 作動(dòng)詞用，“穿過，越過”的意思。主要表示在物體表面上橫穿。如橫過馬路、過橋、過河等，與go acr

20、oss同義。例如：Be careful when you cross the street.過馬路時(shí)要小心。Cross (Go across )the bridge, and you will see a big buiding.過這座橋你就會(huì)看到一棟大樓。cross作名詞用是“十字架，十字形飾物”的意思。across是介詞，有“橫跨，橫穿，穿越”之意。across與go/walk等動(dòng)詞連用表示“穿過，越過，橫穿”的意思。與cross基本同義，也是表示從物體表面經(jīng)過。 例如：Go across the road , you will find the post office on your l

21、eft.橫過這條公路，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)郵局就在你的左邊。,cross，across, through,through是介詞，“在.之中，透過”的意思，常與go,walk等動(dòng)詞連用，表示“穿越，橫穿”等意思。主要表示從物體內(nèi)部穿過。如穿過森林、隧洞等。例如：The two friends were walking through the forest.這兩個(gè)朋友正沿著森林走。The sunlight comes through the glass.陽光透過玻璃。,1. We must _ the road very carefully.2. Before going _ the road, you sh

22、ould look left first and then right.3. I try to get into the room _ the window because I cant open the door.4. They drove _ the street quickly, but the police caught them at last.5. Its dangerous to swim _ the river.6. Go _ the bridge and you will see the station.,cross,across,across,across,across,t

23、hrough,in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某個(gè)范圍以外；in the front of 表示“在的前部”，在某個(gè)范圍以內(nèi)例如：There are some tall trees in front of the building.在樓前有一些高樹。The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.老師坐在教室前面,in front of, in the front of,aboveoveronbelowunder,above,over,below,under,on,Be careful, there is a he

24、avy box_ your head.The sun is _ the mountain in the east.There are some stamps _ the desk.The position he pointed to was _ the sea level.The little mouse is _ the table, so it is not easy to find it.,over,above,on,abovebelow,under,表示“延續(xù)的一段時(shí)間”時(shí)，可用“for時(shí)間段”或“since過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)”，常與含延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)連用。How long have you

25、 been in this city?你在這座城市待了多久了？For ten years. 十年。Mr Smith has lived here since 1998.史密斯先生自從1998年就住在這。,since, for,表示在上時(shí)，不是都用on，有時(shí)須用in。在樹上in the tree 用于指樹上的鳥、人等。on the tree用于指生長(zhǎng)在樹上的葉子、果實(shí)。在墻上in the wall鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)，指窗戶、門、釘子等。on the wall在墻的表面之上，指地圖、畫像等。在報(bào)紙上in the newspaper用于指報(bào)上的內(nèi)容。on the newspaper用于指放在報(bào)紙上的東西，如

26、眼鏡等。,in, on,be made of 從成品上看得出的材料be made from從成品上看不出的原料be made in產(chǎn)地 be made by制造者be made up of由組成，由構(gòu)成be made into 被制成It is said that this kind of cloth is made of silk and it is made in China.據(jù)說這種布料是由絲綢制成的并且由中國(guó)制造。This wine is made from grapes.這酒是葡萄釀的。This machine is made by Uncle Wang.這機(jī)器是王伯伯制造的。The

27、 article is made up of four parts.這篇文章有四部分組成。Flour（面粉）can be made into bread.,be made of、 be made from、 be made in、 be made by、be made up of、be made into,be used for doing sth. =be used to do sth.意為“被用來做”。介詞for表示用途，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。be used by 意為“被使用”，介詞by后面接動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者(賓語)。be used as 意為“被用作”，介詞as表示“作為”，be us

28、ed to doing sth.意為“習(xí)慣于做”，to是介詞。The stamp is used for sending letters.郵票是用來郵信的。English is widely used by travellers and business people all over the world.英語被全世界的旅行者和商人廣泛使用。English is used as the second language in many countries.英語在許多國(guó)家被當(dāng)作第二語言。I am used to getting up early every morning.我習(xí)慣早晨早起。,be

29、used for doing sth、be used to do sth、be used by 、be used as 、be used to doing sth.,單詞拼寫:,1.There are _( 超過 )sixty students in our class.2. Fish cant live_( 沒有 ) water. 3. We havent seen each other for a long time _(自從 ) we met last time.4. Do you worry about _( 他們 ) ?5. Whos _( 值日 ) duty today?6. Ha

30、ve you paid _( 付款 ) the book?7. Please turn_( 關(guān)掉 ) the lights.8. Its bad for your health to go to school_( 不吃) breakfast.,over,without,since,them,on,for,off,without,1.We usually have lunch_ noon.2.Lin Tao was born_ February 18th.3.Ann sits_ my right,_ Kates left.She sits_us.4.My father is leaving_ S

31、uzhou tomorrow.5.We must learn_ each other.,at,on,on,on,between,for,from,用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空,6.They went_ the gate and entered the garden.7.We can do all things _our hands._the end of the last cap，he caught up _the others.9.Be kind_people.Dont shout _people.10.Last month he worked_ a teacher _three weeks.,thro

32、ugh,with,At,with,to,at,as,for,1.His father is very angry_him his study. A. at，with B.with，at C.to，about D.about，to2.Paper is made_wood. A.from B.of C.by D.in3.The basket is full_apples. A.with B.of C.in D.by4.Kate cant come. Lets ask wei Hua instead_her. A.of B.for C.to D.with5.The heavy rain stoppe

33、d me_getting to school on time. A. to B.from C.on D.for,B,A,B,A,B,6.Li Lidas parents are very proud _ their son. A.to B.in C.for D.of7.The fox looked up_ a cock sitting the tree. A. to，in B.at,in C. for，on D.at，on8.Please wait _ the bus stop near my home. A.for B.at C.next D. in front9.Where is your bike made_? A.in B.from C. of D./10.When the red light is on，its dangerous to go_the street. A.acro