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1、高中英高中英語語法情法情態(tài)動詞公開公開課課件件一一.We use modal verbs to talk about:1.Ability（能力）（能力）2.Obligation（義務(wù)）（義務(wù)）3.Certainty（可能性）（可能性）4.Permission（允許）（允許）二二.We also use modal verbs to:5.Make requests（提出請求）（提出請求）6.Make suggestions（提出建議）（提出建議）7.Make offers（提供幫助）（提供幫助）8.Give advice（提出意見）（提出意見）1.Ability(能力能力):Liu Xiang

2、can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds.can/could:1.can 一般表示與生俱來的能力或一般表示與生俱來的能力或者一種客觀可能性者一種客觀可能性,還可以表示請還可以表示請求和允許求和允許。Learning English _ be difficult.canMan can not live without air._ I use your bike?Cancan/could:2.在疑問句中，用在疑問句中，用could可表示請可表示請求，語氣較委婉。求，語氣較委婉。_I have the television on?Yes,you _

3、./No,you _CouldHe asks if he _ smoke here.couldcan/maycant/Im afraid notcan/could:3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）Hes such a nice person that he _ commit the crime.cant你怎么會如此地粗心！你怎么會如此地粗心！How can you be so careless!Can this be true?can/could:4.can never/canttoo表示表

4、示“無論怎樣無論怎樣也不過分也不過分”，“越越越好越好”。你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。You cant be too careful while crossing the road.can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:Edison always wondered why hens could hatch(孵孵)chickens while he was not able to.Question:Are the two modal verbs interchangeable(互換互換)?If not,why?can表示表示與生俱來的能力與生俱來的能力或或一種客觀

5、可能一種客觀可能，而，而be able to更加強調(diào)更加強調(diào)通過后天的學(xué)習(xí)和努力獲通過后天的學(xué)習(xí)和努力獲得的能力，得的能力，或者或者在某個客觀的場合和背景下在某個客觀的場合和背景下，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:1.A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday.Luckily,everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2.She _ speak both English and French.canIm so tired!I have to do the traini

6、ng for at least 10 hours a day!2.Obligation(義務(wù)義務(wù)):yet he must work hard to win the gold medal.Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle raceadvisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustYour mother brings you up and takes good care of you,so when she is old,you _ look after her in return.A.can B.ma

7、y C.have to D.must Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games.Although the chance of winning a medal is small,Ill try my best!3.Certainty(可能性可能性):very uncertainalmost certainmightshouldmustmaycouldought towill1.He _ be at home.2.He _ be at home,for he just called me from his home 15 seconds

8、 ago.A.may B.might C.must A.may B.might C.must (can)1.must 表示肯定的猜測，譯為表示肯定的猜測，譯為“一定一定”，不能用于否定句或疑問句。不能用于否定句或疑問句。This must be your pen.He must be doing his homework now.He must have arrived already.mustmust2.表示表示“堅持堅持”（常用于固定句型：（常用于固定句型：if you must do sth.如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離

9、開。If you must leave,do it quietly.They_ be doing the experiment in the lab.Why？Because the lights are still burning.A.could B.can C.must D.would 4.Permission(允許允許):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1.表示許可。表示請求、允許時，表示許可。表示請求、允許時，might比比may的語氣更委婉一些。的語氣更委婉一些。Might/May I use your computer?

10、Yes,you can./No,you cant/mustnt.may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問句則要用疑問句則要用can或或could）。）。祝你成功！祝你成功！May you succeed.He may be very busy now.May you be happy all your life.5.Making requests(提出要求提出要求):Can you help me with my training?I dont know how to use this equipm

11、ent!will can could wouldinformalformal6.Making suggestions(提出建議提出建議):Shall we do the training in the morning?Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon.shall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見、向?qū)Ψ秸埵净蛱峁椭?、向?qū)Ψ秸埵净蛱峁椭?.Shall we begin our lesson?2.When shall he be allowed to

12、 leave hospital?3.Shall I carry this bag for you?shall:2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。諾或威脅。You shall fail if you dont work harder.He shall be punished according to the rule.等我讀完這本書，就會給他的。等我讀完這本書，就會給他的。He shall have the book when I finish it.警告警告威脅威脅允諾允諾7.Making offers(

13、提供幫助提供幫助):Dont worry,dear,I will wash them right away.Mom,my dirty clothes have been piled up!I dont have timewill/would:1.表示請求、建議等，表示請求、建議等，would比比will委婉客氣。委婉客氣。sentence pattern Would you pleaseWould you mindWould ratherWould you likewill/would:2.表示意志、愿望和決心。表示意志、愿望和決心。I will never do that again.wil

14、l/would:3.可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總是經(jīng)常、慣于、總是”。1).The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work.would2).門就是打不開門就是打不開!The door wont open.will/would:I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch.Question:Is this senten

15、ce correct?Why?情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞表示表示“意愿意愿”8.Giving advice(提出意見提出意見):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!should:1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是其同義詞是ought to；在疑問句中，；在疑問句中，通常用通常用should代替代替oughtto。Should I open the window?我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。We should learn from each other.sh

16、ould:2.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞should用于第一人稱用于第一人稱時可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、時可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣。客氣、委婉的語氣。RoseSure.By the way,who is your idol?JackLiu Xiang,I should say.I should advise you not to do that again.3.should表示意外或驚訝表示意外或驚訝 常譯為常譯為 “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.我不敢相信這樣一個紳士居

17、然對老人我不敢相信這樣一個紳士居然對老人如此無禮。如此無禮。should:4.should 表示猜測時，一般指按經(jīng)驗或邏輯表示猜測時，一般指按經(jīng)驗或邏輯判斷，翻譯成判斷，翻譯成“照說應(yīng)該，估計，想必照說應(yīng)該，估計，想必”should:-When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They _be ready by 12:00.A.can B.should C.might D.need三三.“情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done”的用法的用法（1）must have done對過去某事的十分肯定猜測對過去某事的十分

18、肯定猜測（2）may/might have done對過去某事的可能性對過去某事的可能性猜測猜測（3）cant/couldnt have done對過去某事的否定對過去某事的否定猜測猜測（4）should/ought to have done過去應(yīng)該做而未過去應(yīng)該做而未做做（5）shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 過去不應(yīng)該做而實際上做了過去不應(yīng)該做而實際上做了（6）neednt have done 本沒有必要做的事實際卻本沒有必要做的事實際卻做了做了（7）could have done 本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實際卻未做到本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實際卻未做到Pra

19、ctice1.With so much work on hand,you _to see the game last night.A.mustnt go B.could have goneC.shouldnt go D.shouldnt have gone2.There was plenty of time.She _.A.mustnt have hurried B.couldnt have hurriedC.must not hurry D.neednt have hurriedPractice3.I saw Mary in the library yesterday.-You_ her.S

20、he is still abroad.A.mustnt see B.cant have seen C.mustnt have seen D.couldnt see4.Aunt Mary_the train,otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A.must have missed B.should have missedC.had missed D.might miss四四.可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：need、dare 情態(tài)動詞(+動詞原形)行為動詞needdare 1.1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化無人稱和數(shù)的變化;2.2.

21、尤其用于：尤其用于：*否定句及疑問句中否定句及疑問句中;*在在if/whetherif/whether之后之后;*或與或與hardlyhardly,nevernever,no oneno one,nobodynobody連用連用;3.3.常以常以needntneednt 和和darentdarent 的形式出現(xiàn)的形式出現(xiàn);4.dare4.dare有其過去時有其過去時dareddared.多用于肯定句多用于肯定句;(sb.)need to do dare to do(sth.)need to be done(sth.)need doing He darent speak English befo

22、re such a crowd,dare he?判斷正誤判斷正誤:He darent to speak English before such a crowd,did he?These dishes need be cleaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully.五五.表示否定的情態(tài)動詞的用法表示否定的情態(tài)動詞的用法:部分情態(tài)動詞的否定式是情態(tài)動詞中的考點部分情態(tài)動詞的否定式是情態(tài)動詞中的考點之一。之一。mustnt 不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn),禁止禁止 neednt

23、 沒必要沒必要(=dont have to)cant 不能不能;不可能不可能may not 不可以不可以;可能不可能不shouldnt 不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該(=ought not to)How can we deal with exercises How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs?concerning modal verbs?Functions&usage of modal verbsLanguage context(上下文、上下文、語境語境)Functions&usage of modal verbsLanguage context(上下文、上下文、語境語境)Review the usage of modal verbs and finish the exercise paper 此課件下載可自行編輯修改，僅供參考！此課件下載可自行編輯修改，僅供參考！感謝您的支持，我們努力做得更好！謝謝感謝您的支持，我們努力做得更好！謝謝