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1、初中英語語法連詞連詞連詞是一種虛詞，它不能獨立擔任是一種虛詞，它不能獨立擔任句子成分，主要作用是連接句子成分，主要作用是連接單詞與單詞與單詞、短語與短語、句子與句子單詞、短語與短語、句子與句子。連詞可分為兩類：連詞可分為兩類：并列連詞和從屬并列連詞和從屬連詞。連詞。一、一、并列連詞并列連詞1.Mary likes music_Tom is found of sports.A.and B.but C.both A and B2.I failed again,_ I wont give up.A.and B.but C.so3.This is my first lesson,_ I dont kn

2、ow your names.A.and B.but C.soand :表對等表對等 “和、并且和、并且”but:表轉折表轉折 “但是但是”so:表因果表因果 “所以所以”and,or,but,so 基本用法基本用法1.Which do you like better,apples,_ pears?A.and B.but C.or2.Now we have no time _ money.A.so B.and C.oror:1.用于用于疑問疑問句句,表表選擇選擇 2.用于用于否定否定句句,表表并列并列（肯定句用（肯定句用andand）3.Christine,Aileen _(和和)I are g

3、ood friends.Study hard,_(否則否則)youll fall behind.4.Are you coming by bus _(或者或者)on foot?andandorororor1.Try your best _ youll make more progress.A.and B.but C.or2.Dont lose heart,_ youll lose all.A.and B.so C.orand and 和和 or or 都可以在祈使句中使用都可以在祈使句中使用.and 通常是比較好的結果通常是比較好的結果;or 則表示不愉快或不理想的結果則表示不愉快或不理想的結果

4、.and,or,but,so 基本用法基本用法1.Its getting warmer _ warmer.A.and B.but C.or2.He or the twins _ the USA.A.comes from B.come from C.is from4.Not Tom but I _ going to give the talk.A.am B.is C.areadj.比比+and+adj.比比 表示越來越表示越來越A or B 和和 not A but B 結構作主語結構作主語時，謂語動詞要使用時，謂語動詞要使用就近原則就近原則。and,or,but,so 特殊用法特殊用法1.Al

5、though I have passed the exam,_ I am not pleased with the result.A.and B.but C./and,or,but,so 特殊用法特殊用法although although 和和和和 but but 不能同時出現。不能同時出現。不能同時出現。不能同時出現。“so+“so+情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞/助動詞助動詞助動詞助動詞/be/be動詞動詞動詞動詞+主語主語主語主語”句型為倒裝結構，意思為句型為倒裝結構，意思為句型為倒裝結構，意思為句型為倒裝結構，意思為“也也也也是如此是如此是如此是如此”，系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞必須與

6、上句中的謂語動詞保系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞必須與上句中的謂語動詞保系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞必須與上句中的謂語動詞保系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞必須與上句中的謂語動詞保持時態(tài)的一致。持時態(tài)的一致。持時態(tài)的一致。持時態(tài)的一致。例：例：例：例：-I like reading novels when I am free.-I like reading novels when I am free.有空閑時我喜歡讀小說。有空閑時我喜歡讀小說。有空閑時我喜歡讀小說。有空閑時我喜歡讀小說。-So do ISo do I.我也是。我也是。我也是。我也是。“so+“so+主語主語主語主語+情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)

7、動詞/助動詞助動詞助動詞助動詞/be/be動詞動詞動詞動詞”表示對上文所說的情況加以肯表示對上文所說的情況加以肯表示對上文所說的情況加以肯表示對上文所說的情況加以肯定。意思為定。意思為定。意思為定。意思為“確實如此確實如此確實如此確實如此”。-He works hard.-He works hard.他工作努力。他工作努力。他工作努力。他工作努力。-So he So he doesdoes,and,and so does his brotherso does his brother.他確實是這樣，他兄弟也是如此。他確實是這樣，他兄弟也是如此。他確實是這樣，他兄弟也是如此。他確實是這樣，他兄弟也

8、是如此。2.So的特殊用法的特殊用法1.Both Peter and I _ going to Guangzhou.A.are B.is C.am2.Either apples or rice _ Ok.I am hungry.A.are B.is C./3.Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth.A.wants B.want C.is going to4.Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win.A.is B.are C.ambothandeitherorneithernornot o

9、nlybut also以上結構做主語，除以上結構做主語，除bothand bothand 謂語要用復數外，其謂語要用復數外，其余都使用余都使用就近原則就近原則。1、這里的天氣既不太冷也不太熱。、這里的天氣既不太冷也不太熱。The weather here is _too hot _too cold.2、她不但美麗而且聰明。、她不但美麗而且聰明。She is _pretty _ clever.3、不是你對就是我對。、不是你對就是我對。_ you _ I _ correct(形容詞：正確的形容詞：正確的).neithernornot onlybut alsoEitheroram用適當的連詞填空用適

10、當的連詞填空連連 詞詞 練練 習習連接連接條件條件狀語從句：狀語從句：1、Youll be late _(如果如果)you dont get up early tomorrow.2、Ill come to see you _(如果如果)Im free next Saturday.3、Well have a picnic tomorrow _(如果如果)it doesnt rain tomorrow.*注意狀語從句的時態(tài)：注意狀語從句的時態(tài)：“主將從現主將從現”。ififif連連 詞詞 練練 習習連接連接時間時間狀語從句狀語從句1.I was cleaning the floor I was c

11、leaning the floor _(當當當當的時候的時候的時候的時候)she knocked she knocked at the door.at the door.2.Dick climbed up into a tree Dick climbed up into a tree _(一一一一就就就就)he saw the bear.he saw the bear.3.I knew nothing about it I knew nothing about it _(直到直到直到直到才才才才)my friend told my friend told me yesterday.me yes

12、terday.4.I havent heard from Bill I havent heard from Bill _ _(自從自從自從自從)we graduated we graduated from middle school.from middle school.whenwhenas soon asas soon asuntiluntilsincesince連接連接原因、結果原因、結果狀語從句狀語從句1.You should return the digital camera to Sally _ she will not be angry.2.A.so that B.because

13、C.before 3.2.He was hurt _ badly _ he had to see a doctor.4.A.tooto B.so that C.so that 5.3.He took off his coat _ it was too hot in the room.A.And B.since C.but 4.Solo missed the bus _ he was late for school.A.because B.so C.or連接連接讓步讓步狀語從句狀語從句1.Tom is still doing his homework _ it is very late.A.so

14、 that B.even though C.if 2.2.I never seem to put on any weight,_ hard I try.3.A.though B.no matter how 4.3.I enjoy learning English,_ it takes me a lot of time.A.unless B.although C.because 5.4.I will never give up learning English _6.(即使即使)it is difficult.even though1)如果原因構成句子的最主要部分，一般用如果原因構成句子的最主要

15、部分，一般用because。因此，。因此，because引導的從句往往放在句末。例如：引導的從句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed at home because it rained.-Why arent you going?-Because I dont want to.2)如果原因已被人們所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用如果原因已被人們所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或或since。since比比as稍微正式一點。稍微正式一點。as和和since 引導的從句一般放引導的從句一般放在在句子的開頭句子的開頭。例如：。例如：As he wasnt ready,we left wit

16、hout him.Since I have no money,I cant buy any food.3)for用用來補來補充說明一種理由，因此，充說明一種理由，因此，for引導的從句幾乎可以放引導的從句幾乎可以放在括號里。在括號里。for引導的句子不放在句子的開頭。例如：引導的句子不放在句子的開頭。例如：I decided to stop and have lunch，for I was feeling quite hungry.as,because,since,for連連 詞詞 用用 法法 比比 較較三者均可譯為三者均可譯為三者均可譯為三者均可譯為“在在在在時候時候時候時候”。whenwh

17、en引導的從句，動詞既可以引導的從句，動詞既可以引導的從句，動詞既可以引導的從句，動詞既可以是是是是延續(xù)性延續(xù)性延續(xù)性延續(xù)性的，也可以是的，也可以是的，也可以是的，也可以是終止性終止性終止性終止性的。一般來說，當主句的動作的。一般來說，當主句的動作的。一般來說，當主句的動作的。一般來說，當主句的動作正在進行時，正在進行時，正在進行時，正在進行時，whenwhen引導的從句的動作才發(fā)生；引導的從句的動作才發(fā)生；引導的從句的動作才發(fā)生；引導的從句的動作才發(fā)生；whilewhile引導的引導的引導的引導的從句中，動詞只能是從句中，動詞只能是從句中，動詞只能是從句中，動詞只能是延續(xù)性延續(xù)性延續(xù)性延續(xù)性

18、的，一般來說，當的，一般來說，當的，一般來說，當的，一般來說，當whilewhile引導的從引導的從引導的從引導的從句的動作正在進行時，主句的動作才發(fā)生；句的動作正在進行時，主句的動作才發(fā)生；句的動作正在進行時，主句的動作才發(fā)生；句的動作正在進行時，主句的動作才發(fā)生；若主從句動作同時發(fā)生，且強調若主從句動作同時發(fā)生，且強調若主從句動作同時發(fā)生，且強調若主從句動作同時發(fā)生，且強調“一邊一邊一邊一邊一邊一邊一邊一邊”這樣的意思，一這樣的意思，一這樣的意思，一這樣的意思，一般用般用般用般用 as as。When I came into the room,I found him lying there

19、 When I came into the room,I found him lying there asleep.asleep.She sang as she walked.She sang as she walked.她一邊走一邊唱歌。她一邊走一邊唱歌。她一邊走一邊唱歌。她一邊走一邊唱歌。注意：注意：注意：注意：while while 可以表示對比關系可以表示對比關系可以表示對比關系可以表示對比關系“然而然而然而然而”。He is short while his brother is tall.He is short while his brother is tall.when，while

20、，as連連 詞詞 用用 法法 比比 較較if if和和和和whetherwhether都可作都可作都可作都可作“是否是否是否是否”講，在引導賓語從句是一般可講，在引導賓語從句是一般可講，在引導賓語從句是一般可講，在引導賓語從句是一般可互換。例如：互換。例如：互換。例如：互換。例如：I wonder whether(if)you still study in that school.I wonder whether(if)you still study in that school.在下列情況下，只能用在下列情況下，只能用在下列情況下，只能用在下列情況下，只能用whether,whether,不

21、能用不能用不能用不能用if if：.在不定式前。在不定式前。在不定式前。在不定式前。例如：例如：例如：例如：I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.用用用用oror并列兩項以上時。并列兩項以上時。并列兩項以上時。并列兩項以上時。例如：例如：例如：例如：I dont now I dont now whetherwhether he comes he comes or not.or not.從句作介詞賓語時只用從句作介詞賓語時只用從

22、句作介詞賓語時只用從句作介詞賓語時只用whetherwhether不用不用不用不用if if。It depends on whether it will be fine.It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。那得看是不是晴天。那得看是不是晴天。那得看是不是晴天。.作作作作discussdiscuss等動詞的賓語時，用等動詞的賓語時，用等動詞的賓語時，用等動詞的賓語時，用whetherwhether不用不用不用不用if if。We discussed whether we should close the shop.We discussed

23、 whether we should close the shop.我們討我們討我們討我們討論是不是該關掉商店論是不是該關掉商店論是不是該關掉商店論是不是該關掉商店if,whether連連 詞詞 用用 法法 比比 較較1)sothat中的中的so是個副詞，其后只能跟形容詞或副是個副詞，其后只能跟形容詞或副詞，而詞，而such.that中的中的such是個形容詞是個形容詞，后接名詞，后接名詞或名詞短語。例如：或名詞短語。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.

24、2)如果在如果在名詞之前名詞之前有有many,much,little,few時，時，用用so,不用不用such。例如：。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.sothat,such.that連連 詞詞 用用 法法 比比 較較1.Ill tell your father the truth as soon as he _ here.A.arrives B.arrived C.arrives at2.We dont know if he _ us for the picnic.Ill call you if he

25、_.A.joins;comes B.will join;comes C.will join;will come3.Nobody knows when the windows _.But Ill tell you when I _ the answer.A.broke;find out B.broken;will find out C.were broken;find out連連 詞詞 用用 法法 練練 習習4.You wont understand until you _ him.A.meet B.meeting C.will meet5.You will fail in English _

26、you work hard.A.because B.unless C.if6.Just because we are young,_ we should work even harder.A.so B./C.but7.It has been seven years since he _ here.A.left B.leaves C.leave連連 詞詞 用用 法法 練練 習習8.The little boy _ when I came in.A.falls down B.fell down C.was fell down9.We were reading when the teacher _

27、in.A.came B.comes C.is coming 10.He became a doctor when he _the university.A.graduated from B.graduate from C.graduated for 11.Tom works in a hospital _ Mary works in a company.A.because B.until C.while12.While his mother was washing,he _ his homework.A.do B.did C.was doing 13.The little boy fell a

28、lseep while he _ the music.A.was listen B.was listening to C.listened to 表示對比，表示對比，“然而，而然而，而”while表示表示“當當的時候的時候”。兩個動兩個動詞同時發(fā)生。必須使用詞同時發(fā)生。必須使用延續(xù)性延續(xù)性動詞。動詞。14.Hurry up,_ you will miss the train.A.and B.so C.however D.or15.The mountain was _ steep(陡峭的）陡峭的）_ few people in our city reached the top.A.soas B.

29、sothat C.asas D.tooto 連連 詞詞 用用 法法 練練 習習用適當的連詞填空用適當的連詞填空 1._they are brothers,they dont look like each other at all.2.The dress was very expensive,_ I didnt buy it.3.-Do you know _ I could pass the exam?-Sorry,Ive no idea.4.Mr.Brown knows little Japanese,_ he cant understand the instructions on the b

30、ottle of the pills.Although/Though so soIf/whetherIf/whether so so連連 詞詞 用用 法法 練練 習習5.The war was over about a year ago,_ the 5.The war was over about a year ago,_ the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with.trouble

31、to deal with.6.-Is David at school today?6.-Is David at school today?-No.He is at home _ he has a bad cold.-No.He is at home _ he has a bad cold.7._ Lily _ Lucy may go with you because 7._ Lily _ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.one of them must stay at home.but but because becauseEither orEither or連連 詞詞 用用 法法 練練 習習8.Study hard,_ you are sure to have a good result in the exam.9.Please have a wash _ you go to bed.10.The twins have learned a lot _ they came to China.and before since連連 詞詞 用用 法法 練練 習習謝謝觀賞！2020/11/526