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1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上新概念英語第一冊全部語法 (2008-05-07 13:50:35) 一時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時，一般過去時，現(xiàn)在完成時，一般將來時，過去進行時，過去完成時，過去將來時1. 一般現(xiàn)在時 表示一般性，經常性的動作或一般性事實。usually, sometimes, always, often 等詞在英文中被稱為“頻度副詞”，是用來表示動作頻率的，但程度上有別。一般來說可按頻率大小排列：alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldom（很少）hardly evernever（從不） 含有be動詞的句子He is a teacher.The girl

2、is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are students.變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?變否定句在be動詞后面加notHe is not a teacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he is. No, he is not.Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are.

3、No, they are not.不含有be動詞的句子，即含有一般動詞的句子第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞He likes books.She likes him.The dog likes bones.變疑問句在句首加does, 動詞變?yōu)樵虳oes he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog like bones?變否定句在主語及動詞之間加doesnt, 動詞變?yōu)樵虷e doesnt like books.She doesnt like him.The dog doesnt like bones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, he does. No,

4、 he doesnt.Yes, she does. No, she doesntYes, it does. No, it doesnt.注意：第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動詞后面加S，不要和名詞復數(shù)混淆，變否定句或疑問句時名詞復數(shù)沒有任何變化。其他人稱及復數(shù)名詞I want to have a bath.We have some meat.The students like smart teachers.變疑問句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath?Do we have any meat?Do the students like smart teachers?變否定句在主

5、語和動詞之間加dont.You dont want to have a bath.We dont have any meat.The students dont like smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I do. No, I dont.Yes, we do. No, we dontYes, they do. No, they dont.2. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。構成：主語be動詞動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞其它成分We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The b

6、oys are swimming across the river.變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Are we having lunch?Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?變否定句在be動詞后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特殊疑

7、問句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑問詞動詞主語現(xiàn)在分詞What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing?(必背)沒有進行時的動詞表示狀態(tài)，思想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作1. 表示感覺，感官的詞see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has當”擁有”講時沒有進行時3. 一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事件，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 day

8、s ago,含有be動詞的句子， 將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，am, is的過去式為was，are的過去式為wereI was at the butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首Were you at the butchers?Were you a student a year ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?變否定句在be動詞后面加notI was not at the butc

9、hers.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not.Yes, you were. No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.特殊疑問句：What did you do?(必背)不含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，動詞過去式構成見附錄I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a res

10、taurant.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.變疑問句在句首加did， 動詞變?yōu)樵虳id you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?變否定句在主語和動詞之間加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did no

11、t live at King Street a year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, he did. No, he didnt.Yes, they did. No, they did not.4. 現(xiàn)在完成時構成：主語+助動詞have, has+過去分詞用法：1)表示過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動作，常和just, usually, already, since等時間副詞連用I have just had lunch. (飽了，不用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）They have alread

12、y had their holiday. （不能再度假了）The boy has already read the book. （已經知道書的內容了，不用再看了）2)詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時：Have you finished your homework?Have you been to Beijing?Have he seen the film?3)表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.4)表示一種經歷，經驗：去過地方，做過

13、事情，經歷過事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to表示去過，have gone to 表示去了I have been to London. (人已經回來)He has gone to London.（人還在那里）5)表示一種結果， 一般不和時間副詞聯(lián)用I have lost my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken

14、 my heart.句型變化：變疑問句將助動詞移到句首，變否定句在助動詞后面加not.e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. No, I have not.特殊疑問句：What have you done?What has he done?一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時注意：有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用錯：Ive left Beijing for 3 days.對：I left Beijing 3 d

15、ays ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.5. 一般將來時表示將來將要發(fā)生的動作， 經常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示將來的詞聯(lián)用結構： 主語+助動詞will+動詞原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.變疑問句將助動詞移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?變否定句在助動詞后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to