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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上新概念英語第一冊(cè)語法總結(jié)Ø 時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。含有be動(dòng)詞的句子He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. 變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notHe is not a t

2、eacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.含有一般動(dòng)詞的句子第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞He likes books.She likes him.The dog likes bones.變疑問句在句首加does, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳oes he like books?Does she like him?Does the d

3、og like bones?變否定句在主語及動(dòng)詞之間加doesnt, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虷e doesnt like books.She doesnt like him.The dog doesnt like bones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Yes, she does. No, she doesntYes, it does. No, it doesnt.注意：第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動(dòng)詞后面加S。其他人稱及復(fù)數(shù)名詞I want to have a bath. We have some meat.The students like smart te

4、achers.變疑問句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath?Do we have any meat?Do the students like smart teachers?變否定句在主語和動(dòng)詞之間加dont.You dont want to have a bath.We dont have any meat.The students dont like smart teachers. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I do. No, I dont. Yes, we do. No, we dontYes, they do. No, they dont. 2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

5、表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成：主語be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞其它成分We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Are we having lunch?Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notWe are not having

6、lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特殊疑問句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑問詞be動(dòng)詞主語現(xiàn)在分詞What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing? 沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞(必背)表示狀態(tài)、思想、感情、感覺的動(dòng)詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作1. 表示感覺、感官的詞see, hear, like, love, want2. h

7、ave, has作為動(dòng)詞”擁有”的含義時(shí)，沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)3. 一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, three days ago.含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^去式，am / is的變?yōu)閣as，are的變?yōu)閣ere I was at the butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首Were you at the but

8、chers? Were you a student a year ago? Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago? 變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not I was not at the butchers. You were not a student a year ago. The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago. 肯定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not. Yes, you were. No, you were not. Yes, he/she was. No,

9、 he/she was not. 特殊疑問句：What did you do?不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^去式，動(dòng)詞過去式構(gòu)成見附錄I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Streeta year ago.King Streeta year ago. 變疑問句在句首加did，動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳id you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers

10、 live at King Streeta year ago?King Streeta year ago? 變否定句在主語和動(dòng)詞之間加did not，動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虸 did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Streeta year ago.King Streeta year ago. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, he did. No, he didnt.Yes, they did

11、. No, they did not.4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+過去分詞用法：1)表示過去發(fā)生且和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作，常和just, usually, already, since等時(shí)間副詞連用I have just had lunch. (飽了，不用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）They have already had their holiday. （不能再度假了）The boy has already read the book. （已經(jīng)知道書的容了，不用再看了）2)詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Have y

12、ou finished your homework?Have you been to Beijing?Have he seen the film?3)表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.4)表示一種經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)：去過地方，做過事情，經(jīng)歷過事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film. I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Pa

13、ris.Have been to表示去過，have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.(人已經(jīng)回來)He has gone to London.（人還在那里）5)表示一種結(jié)果，一般不和時(shí)間副詞聯(lián)用I have lost my pen. I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型變化：變疑問句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首，變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加not.Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I h

14、ave. No, I have not.特殊疑問句：What have you done?What has he done?一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：凡是有明確的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語的句子為過去時(shí)注意：有些動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn)，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時(shí)間狀語連用錯(cuò)：Ive left Beijing for 3 days. 對(duì)：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.5. 一般將來時(shí)表示將來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 經(jīng)常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomo

15、rrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示將來的詞聯(lián)用結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形I will go to America tomorrow. The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.變疑問句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow. The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning肯定回答及否定