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1、漢堡包 水果 西紅柿 大米；米飯草莓 雞肉 牛奶 吃 面包 健康的 事物,hamburger fruit tomato rice strawberry chicken milk eat bread healthy thing,容易的 在.后面 梨子 食物蔬菜 胡蘿卜 習(xí)慣 午餐早餐 晚餐 肥胖的,easy after pear food vegetable carrot habit lunch breakfast dinner fat,名詞（n.）：,概念： 是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名稱的詞。根據(jù)其詞匯意義，名詞可分為 專有名詞和普通名詞。,名詞：nouns,普通名詞：,指表示一類人、東西、

2、抽象概念的名詞。,例如：表示東西、事物的。 如book、computer、tree、chopsticks(筷子)表示一類人的。如 boy 、girl、woman、man、teacher、father表示抽象概念，像人的情感、品質(zhì)、精神的。如 happiness 、trouble、pleasure（愉快、快樂）、industry（勤勞）,辨認(rèn)下列哪些是名詞，哪些不是名詞：,computer， take coffee， water，run. notebook. bring, table, sport interesting, Monday age new actor sell,專有名詞:,指表示人

3、、地方、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等的專有名稱。 具體說來，它包括人名、國家、地名、月份、星期、節(jié)日、書名、電影名以及某些抽象名詞等。,Jim吉姆 China中國Mr.Smith史密斯先生July七月 Friday 星期五 theYellowRiver 黃河Christmas 圣誕節(jié) English 英語 A Tale ofTwoCities雙城記,專有名詞的首字母通常要大寫,名詞：,可數(shù)名詞,不可數(shù)名詞,單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù),轉(zhuǎn)變,可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化：,1.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化：(1) 一般情況加詞尾 -s，如 book-books, desk-desks等。(2) 以 s, x, sh, ch 等結(jié)尾的名詞，通常加

4、詞尾 -es：bus -buses, box -boxes, dish-dishes，match-matches（比賽），watch-watches等。,Practice:,There are many (bus) and (car) on the street.I have two (watch), so I give a (watch) to my sister.Yesterday I went to the supermarket and bought some （dish）,cars,buses,watches,watch,dishes,3) 以“o”結(jié)尾的名詞,有生命詞尾es；如to

5、mato- tomatoes； potato- potatoeshero(英雄)-heroes 無生命的名詞，加詞尾s；如radioradios（收音機(jī)）； piano-pianos,但注意photophotos（相片）,4) 以y 結(jié)尾的名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成要分兩種情況：以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的名詞，將 y 改為ies；如： city-cities, baby-babies以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的名詞，直接加詞尾-s：如：toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。5)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多數(shù)變f或fe為v加es:如： wife-wives, knife-knives（小

6、刀），Leaf-leaves（樹葉）；life-lives(生命)，scarf-scarves(圍巾),記住以下10個(gè)要把f或者fe改成v加es的單詞：wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(樹葉)，thief(賊)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。,重點(diǎn),但roof-roofs(屋頂)是例外！,練習(xí)：,寫出下列單詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式,friend,cat,tree,s,s,question,s,s,key,s,toy,s,photo,s,tomato,es,potato,es,leaf,/leaves,zoo,

7、s,radio,s,holiday,s,baby,/babies,city,/cities,roof,s,bus,es,box,es,We need more (potato), can you go and take some , please ?(Knife) are used for cutting things.When we saw his face, we knew the (news) was bad.Please remember give the horse some tree (leaf).,potatoes,Knives,news,leaves,單復(fù)數(shù)同形: 英語中，有些

8、名詞的單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同行:例：people、Chinese、Japanese、 fish 、 deer（鹿）、 sheep（綿羊）e.g: There are many fish in the river. We have a fish for lunch.,名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化,有的名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，沒有一定的規(guī)則，需特別記憶：man / men 男人 woman / women 女人child / children 小孩 tooth / teeth 牙齒foot / feet 腳 goose / geese 鵝mouse / mice 老鼠 ox / oxen 公牛,(二)不規(guī)則變化 男人女人

9、a變e，鵝足牙oo變ee； 老鼠虱子也好記，ous變ic； 孩子加上ren，魚鹿綿羊不用變。,6.名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化需要特別記憶。例如manmen,womanwomen,goosegeese,footfeet,toothteeth,mousemice,louse(虱子)lice,childchildren,fishfish,deer(鹿)deer,sheepsheep等。,不可數(shù)名詞常用a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a bottle of等 來表示不可數(shù)名詞的量，單復(fù)數(shù)表現(xiàn)在在of前面的名詞上。 如：桌子上有一杯橙汁。 There is a glass

10、of orange juice on the table. 這張紙是紅色的。This piece of paper is red. 這兩雙襪子5美元。These two pairs of socks are 5 dollars,名詞做主語，一定要注意主謂一致,用適當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空My mother _ a beautiful woman.This pair of pants _ 20 dollars.My socks _ red.Whose pens _ there？Anns family _ all teachers.Her family _ a large one in this plac

11、e.There _ a cup of coffee on the desk.These strawberries _ fresh.,寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、 piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep,oranges,classes,texts,monkeys,children,shel

12、ves,beds,countries,families,toys,Japanese,radios,photos,tomatoes,foxes,pianos,feet,women,knives,sheep,armies,二、用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空：1There are so many_(wolf)in the forest. 2.There are three _(chair) in the classroom. 3.These _ (tomato) are red. 4._(hero) are great. 5My brother looks after two _(baby) 6T

13、here are some _(deer) eating the grass.7My father likes to eat _(potato). 8 Chinese _(people)like to eat noodles.9I have a lot of _(toy) in my bedroom. 10I help my mother wash _(dish) in the kitchen.,wolves,chairs,tomatoes,Heroes,babies,deer,potatoes,people,toys,dishes,11I have two_ (pencil-box).12T

14、here are some _(bus)in the street.13Peter has eight _(foot). 14Linda has three _(tooth).15There are some _(child) in the garden. 16Michael likes the _(mouse). 17There are some _(goose)in the river. 18My uncle and father are _(man). 19Tom and King are _(boy). 20Linda has three _(tooth).,pencil-boxes,

15、buses,feet,teeth,children,mice,geese,men,boys,teeth,1I can see three _ in the zoo. A monkeies B monkeys C monkey2.The pig has four _. A. foot B. feet C. foots3.My two brothers are both _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen4.There are four _ in the class.Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japan 5.I can se

16、e ten _ in the picture.sheep B. dog C. pig6.The _ has three_.boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches7.Can you see _on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades,A,B,C,B,A,C,A,8.The girl often brushes her_ before she goes to bed.A. tooth B. toothsC. teeth9.Mr Black often drink some _.milk B. milks C.milkes10.There are some _ on the floor.child B. water C. books11. _ will learn English. Woman B. Women C. Man 12.Lucy will show us some new _ of hers.photo B. photos C. photoes13. I drank two _ .A.