《一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去式及現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)題 (2).doc》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去式及現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)題 (2).doc（9頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)趨R文網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法及練習(xí)題一、用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。二、構(gòu)成：1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am ,is ,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she ,it)時(shí)，三單變化： 多數(shù)在動(dòng)詞后加s，pl

2、ayplays likelikes 以s，x，sh，ch，o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es gogoes washwashes，以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改i再加es，flyflies。第三，我的變化-否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句：1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) +

3、動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go t

4、o work?同學(xué)們需要掌握的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)形式：Lives, teaches, goes, watches, reads, does, works, does, doesnt一般過(guò)去式及練習(xí)一、基本概念一般過(guò)去時(shí)(simple past tense)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為；過(guò)去主語(yǔ)所具備的能力和性格。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他 否定形式was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞 一般疑問(wèn)句Did+主語(yǔ)+do+其他？ 例句She often came to help us in those days. I

5、didnt know you were so busy. 一般過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成形式 肯定式疑問(wèn)式否定式疑問(wèn)否定式I workedDid I work?I did not workDid I not work?He(she,it) workedDid he(she,it) work?He (she,it)did not workDid he(she,it)not work?We workedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not workDid you not work?They wo

6、rkedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?三、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生，也可以表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。一般過(guò)去時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去的事情。 句式：主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+其他 如：I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱麗亞說(shuō)了幾句話。He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他沒(méi)有戒煙的那陣子，抽煙抽得可兇了。 (2) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或從句連用，如：y

7、esterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。 補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容：（句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)還是用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，取決于動(dòng)作是否對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。 Have you had your lunch? 你吃過(guò)午飯了嗎？（你現(xiàn)在不餓嗎？） Yes, I have. 是的，我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)了。（已經(jīng)吃飽了，不想再吃了。） When did you have it? 你是什么時(shí)候吃的？（關(guān)心的是吃的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在何時(shí)。） I had it about ten minutes a

8、go. 我大約是十分鐘以前吃的。 ） Used to do something 表示過(guò)去常做而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)停止了的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我過(guò)去常常一天干十四個(gè)小時(shí)。 I ate it at 6：45。我在六點(diǎn)四十五分吃了。 注意：1、帶有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí) 如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago（兩天前 ）、last year（去年）、the other day（前幾天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（剛才）、in the old days（過(guò)去的日子里）、before

9、 liberation（解放前）、 When I was 8 years old（當(dāng)我八歲時(shí)）、at+一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn) Did you have a party the other day？ 前幾天，你們開(kāi)了晚會(huì)了嗎？ Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷鋒是個(gè)好戰(zhàn)士。 另外，在談到已死去的人的情況時(shí)，多用過(guò)去時(shí)。 2、表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí) 這種情況下，往往沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。 The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛

10、張開(kāi)了一會(huì)兒，看看船長(zhǎng)，然后就去世了。 3、表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或反復(fù)的動(dòng)作，常與always，never等連用。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太過(guò)去老是帶著一把傘。 （只是說(shuō)明她過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。） 比較 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太老是帶著傘。 （說(shuō)明這是她的習(xí)慣，表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘） Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella. 彼得太太 總是帶著一把傘。（表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)這一動(dòng)作或行為厭煩） I nev

11、er drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。 （不涉及到現(xiàn)在，不說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒） 4、 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習(xí)慣時(shí)要用 used to do(過(guò)去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不那樣做了) He used to drink. 他過(guò)去喝酒。 （意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了。喝酒這個(gè)動(dòng)作終止了） I used to take a walk in the morning. 我過(guò)去是在早晨散步。 （意味著現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了） 比較： I took a walk in the morning. 我曾經(jīng)在早晨散過(guò)步。 （只是說(shuō)明過(guò)去這一動(dòng)作） 5、有些句子，雖然沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去確定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，但實(shí)際上是指過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)的

12、話，也要用過(guò)去時(shí)，這一點(diǎn)，我們中國(guó)學(xué)生往往出錯(cuò)，要特別注意！ I dont know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因?yàn)樵谡f(shuō)話時(shí)，我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說(shuō)話之前，所以只能用過(guò)去時(shí)表示。實(shí)際上，這句話暗指：But now I know you are here.） I think you were ill. 我以為你病了呢。 （這句話應(yīng)是在說(shuō)話之前，我以為你病了。但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒(méi)?。?四、一般過(guò)去時(shí)謂語(yǔ)部分的構(gòu)成1 Be 動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài). 在沒(méi)有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子中使用be動(dòng)詞， am is 的過(guò)去式為was; are的過(guò)去式為were. 構(gòu)成：肯定句

13、：主語(yǔ)+was (were) +表語(yǔ) 如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我遲到了。） 否定句：主語(yǔ)+was (were) +not+表語(yǔ) 如：We werent late yesterday. (我們昨天沒(méi)遲到) 疑問(wèn)句：Was (Were) +主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ) 如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了嗎？） 肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。) 否定句： No, I wasnt. (不，我沒(méi)病。) 特殊疑問(wèn)句： 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was (were) +主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ) 如：When were you born? 你是什么時(shí)候出生的？ 2 實(shí)義動(dòng)

14、詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) 肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，否定句和疑問(wèn)句要使用助動(dòng)詞do和 does 的過(guò)去式 did. 肯定句為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+賓語(yǔ) 如： I went home at nine oclock yesterday.（我昨天九點(diǎn)鐘回的家。） 否定句：主語(yǔ)+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ) 如：I didnt go home yesterday. (我昨天沒(méi)回家。) 疑問(wèn)句：Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ) 如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了嗎？) 肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。) 否定回答：No, I didnt. (不，我沒(méi)回家。

15、) 3 助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式如下： shallshould（將要）用于第一人稱單數(shù) willwould（將要）用于所有人稱 cancould（能，會(huì)） maymight（可以） mustmust （必須） have tohad to（不得不） 助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)要使用他們的過(guò)去式，后面的動(dòng)詞還使用原形。 如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作業(yè)。) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)講解 一般過(guò)去時(shí)也叫單純過(guò)去時(shí)。 例A：He worked very hard last year. （去年他很用功。） 例B：Mr. Smith bought a new

16、 car yesterday. （史密斯先生昨天買(mǎi)了一輛新車(chē)。） 例C：They were here only a few minutes ago. （幾分鐘前他們還在這里。） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法如下： 一般過(guò)去時(shí)最明顯的現(xiàn)象就是常由表達(dá)過(guò)去之時(shí)間的副詞或副詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾它（如各例句的斜體字部分）。這些常用于修飾一般過(guò)去時(shí)的副詞有：yesterday, yesterday morning （afternoon, evening ）, just now （剛才）, before （以前） , then （at that time ） （當(dāng)時(shí)） , last +時(shí)間 （如 last week, mon

17、th, year, Monday, January, spring, , etc. ）, that +時(shí)間 （如 that day, afternoon, summer, , etc. ）, 時(shí)間 + ago （如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, etc.） “過(guò)去”的概念并不是只指如 “yesterday, last week, ” 等，實(shí)際上“與現(xiàn)在對(duì)立的過(guò)去”，亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”，哪怕是“過(guò)了說(shuō)話時(shí)間的幾分鐘之前”，只要所要表達(dá)的時(shí)間與說(shuō)話時(shí)的“現(xiàn)在”形成對(duì)立，就必須使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)。例如： He was here onl

18、y a few minutes ago. （僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。） I came home just now. （我剛回到家。） 五、特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?六、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔

19、音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（詳見(jiàn)書(shū)本）三、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與now，at the moment 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be (is/am/are) + v-ing。例：He is sleeping at the moment.2、 表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例：I am studying in Datun High School.They are working in a factory these days.3、 某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表將來(lái)。例：W

20、e are going to Beijing this afternoon.The bus is coming.4、 表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與always，continually，constantly，forever等連用，常表示厭煩、不滿和贊揚(yáng)等情感。例：He is always working until midnight. （贊揚(yáng)）They are forever quarrelling about something. （不滿）動(dòng)詞v-ing的構(gòu)成形式：規(guī)則原形-ing形式一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ingwashcatchstaywashingcatchingstaying以不發(fā)音的

21、字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞。先去掉e，再加-ingmaketakegivemakingtakinggiving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)字母，再加-ingsitgetbeginsittinggettingbeginning以ie結(jié)尾的單詞，改ie為y，再加-ingliedietielyingdyingtying練 習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)I. Choose the right answers to cloze.用括號(hào)內(nèi)適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?.We often (play) in the playground.2.He (get) up at six oclock.3. you (b

22、rush) your teeth every morning.4. What (do) he usually (do) after school?5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she (watch) TV with his parents.8. Mike (read) English every day?9.How many lessons your classmate_(have) on Monday?10.Wha

23、t time his mother (do) the housework?11.He usually _ (get)up at six in the morning.12.She_(have) blues eyes.13.We _(go ) to school every day14.The boy _(like) playing football.15.We_(have)no classes on Sundays.16.She_(write) to her mother once a week.17.It _(rain)quite often during the month of July

24、 every year.18.She often_(watch)TV on Saturdays.19.Mike usually_(ride) a bike with his friends in the park.20 Peter and Mary often_(play) badminton together.23.My mother_(have) a lot of cousins.21.Many people often _ (listen) to the radio in the moring.22._(do)she _(like) playing the violin?Yes,she_

25、(do).23.She_(have)four brothers. She_(like) them very much.24. He often _(have) dinner at home.25. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.26.Sandy usually _(play) the piano on Sundays.27.The cat_(like) eating fish every much.28. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.29. She and I _(take) a walk t

26、ogether every evening.II. Read and fill in the blanks.(選詞填空)Watches read goes gets eats lives worksMy aunt is a nurse. She likes music very much. She _ in a big hospital. Every day she _ up at 6:30. She _ breakfast at 7:00. After breakfast she _ to work by bus. She usually goes home at 5:30. After d

27、inner, she often _ TV and _ books. At 10:30, she goes to bed.III. Read the questions and circle the right answers.(讀問(wèn)題，圈出正確的答案)1.Where does your pen pal live? A. No, she live in the country. B. She live in the city. C. She lives in the city.2.When does she go to work?A. She go to work at 7. B. She g

28、oes to work at 7. C. Yes, she does.3. Does Peter go to school by subway?A. No, he does. B. No, he doesnt. C. Yes, on foot.4. What does Miss Green do?A. She teaches English. B. Yes, shes a teacher. C. At school.5.Does she read newspapers at night?A. Yes, she do. B. Yes, she does. C. No, she does. 6.W

29、hats your pen pals hobby?A. She like reading. B. She like read. C. She likes reading.練習(xí)：1. - What about the pen you bought yesterday? - It _ well. I like it very much. A. was written B. is written C. wrote D. writes 2. There is going to _ a sports meeting next week. If it _, well have to cancel it. A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains 3. Tom is strong and he _ to school every day. A. walked B. walks C. will walk D. has walked 4. - What will you do if it _ tomorrow? - Ill stay at home and watch the match on TV. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining