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1、,定語從句與名詞性從句的辨析 結(jié)合已做的練習(xí)來比較,Structures,定語從句,名詞性從句,n+定從n/n.phr/Ss , +定從,主從：主從+V+其他 It作形式主語,賓從：Vt/prep/adj.+賓從,表從：V系(be)+表從,同位從：n+同位從,引導(dǎo)詞,關(guān)系代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose, as關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why,連接詞：that, whether/if連接代詞：what, which, who, whom, whose, -ever關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why, how, as if/though, bec

2、ause,定語從句,名詞性從句,兩種從句中都有的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較,定從(限): 關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指人/物,名從: 連接詞，不作成分，無含義,eg. She also claimed that she was hated by other women in the work place that were jealous of her beauty. (45-1),eg. I cant forget the happy time that Ive spent with my classmates and teachers. (華普四),eg. Jack is not the man that

3、he was.,定從, that,在從句中作主語,作賓語,作表語,eg. That the earth is round is true.,eg. What kids should keep in mind is that in most cases, your parents can relate to what youre going through because they were teens once. (45-18),eg. Im pleased to learn that you are learning Chinese. (江南十校),eg. There is no doubt

4、 that we benefit much from the Internet. (華普五),名從,在從句中不作成分, which,定從(限): 關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物 (單獨),eg. This was my thanks to her and I handed her an inspiring smile card which mentioned to spread the kindness. (華普三),eg. Now, I learn that small mistake as it is, it can destroy the whole plan which we work on.

5、 (分科綜合卷二),兩種從句中都有的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較,作主語,作賓語,eg. A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point. (華普四),eg. We can cook for ourselves, which is very exciting. (周報第二期),eg. Do you still remember those books which I bought last week? You can choose which (one/book) you like best., which,定從(限): 關(guān)

6、系代詞，作成分，指物 (單獨),名從: 連接代詞，作成分(定語) (+n),(非限):關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物/句子,兩種從句中都有的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較, as,限: 關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指人/物,非限: 指代的先行詞為整個句子,eg. He is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with. (總復(fù)習(xí)書P210) eg. He is such a lazy man that nobody wants to work with him.,兩種從句中各自特有的引導(dǎo)詞,定從,狀從,作賓語,不作成分,非限,as,which,eg. The living sta

7、ndard of the people in China, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past decades. (總復(fù)習(xí)書P210),eg. The living standard of the people in China has improved over the past decades , as is shown in the report.,eg. As is shown in the report, the living standard of the people in China has improve

8、d over the past decades.,位置，先行詞，意義,whether,連接詞，不作成分，“是否”,eg. It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (總復(fù)習(xí)書P216),兩種從句中各自特有的引導(dǎo)詞,主從, how,連接副詞，作狀語,eg. Mom often phones me, asking how I am getting along with my studies. (總復(fù)習(xí)書216),兩種從句中各自特有的引導(dǎo)詞, as if/though,引導(dǎo)表語從句，用陳述或虛擬語氣,

9、eg. You look as if youve had a good time.eg. He looks as if he were from the Mars.,兩種從句中各自特有的引導(dǎo)詞,as if/though 引導(dǎo)的表從常跟在特定的動詞后，如 seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等,what,連接代詞，作成分, “什么,什么事情/東西”,eg. What is acceptable in one country may be considered extremely rude in another. (45-10),兩種從句中各自特有的引導(dǎo)詞,

10、eg. After realizing what he had done, the driver didnt stop his car but drove away quickly. (華普三),eg. I also found that success is what satisfied me. (華普二) .,eg. I have no idea what I should do next.,作主語,作賓語,作主語,作賓語,名詞性從句中幾組易混引導(dǎo)詞的辨析,what,that,what,which,why,because,that,what,that,eg. What kids shoul

11、d keep in mind is that in most cases, your parents can relate to what youre going through because they were teens once. (45-18),連接代詞，作成分, “什么,什么事情/東西”,連接詞，不作成分, 無含義,作主語,不做成分,what,which,eg. Youll know what side effect the medicine will bring about. (周報31)eg. You can choose which one you like best fro

12、m these books.,連接代詞，作定語, +n 無范圍,連接代詞，作定語, +n 有明確范圍,why,because,eg. I was late for class this morning. Thats because I hadnt caught the earliest bus.,引導(dǎo)表語從句表原因,連接副詞，不作成分, “為什么”，+結(jié)果,that,連接副詞，不作成分, “因為”，+原因,Reason作主句主語，表語從句引導(dǎo)詞只能用that,eg. I hadnt caught the earliest bus. Thats why I was late for class

13、this morning.,eg. The reason why I was late for class this morning is that I didnt caught the earliest bus.,原因,結(jié)果,結(jié)構(gòu)相同，從句類型與引導(dǎo)詞的選擇,_ (s) + V1+其他+V2+其他 _ + V1+其他 , S+V2+其他,As,eg. Therefore, what we need to do is recognize and revise our mistakes and learn from them. (分科綜合卷二),eg. What he did was (to)

14、wave at everyone who passed by. (分科綜合卷三),eg. What is important is that as the earth cooled down water began to appear on its surface. (總復(fù)習(xí)P216),eg. As is known to us all, Mo Yan is a great writer.,非限,主從,2. V+ _(從句),Vt+賓從 / It +Vi+主從,eg. Now, do you know who invented the potato chip? (45-9),eg. Word

15、came that Mr. Obama would make a visit to China.,Vi+同位從,賓從,同位從,eg. It seems that she cant control herself well, just clicking constantly with the mouse. (45-15),3. prep+ _(從句),eg. Thank you for what youve said. (歙州學(xué)校10月月考),eg. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from whom you received gif

16、ts? (2012上海),定從,賓從,(,),(,),4. n+ _(從句),eg. There is no doubt that we benefit much from the Internet. (華普五),eg. So they looked around for a soccer club that/which would be able to do this for them. (45-8),定從,同位從,定從與同位從的區(qū)別,被修飾詞,性質(zhì)上,引導(dǎo)詞,定從: 名詞,代詞,主句的一 部分或整個句子,同位從: idea, fact, news等有一定內(nèi)涵的名詞,定從: 相當(dāng)于adj，修飾限定先行詞,同位從:相當(dāng)于n, 說明或解釋前面的抽象性名詞,定從:which 代替先行詞(單獨),同位從:有how, whether, what,5. It,形主,eg. It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. (45-7),eg. It was at 4 oclock that the front doorbell rang.,代詞 定從,強