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1、八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)（仁愛(ài)版）語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)歸納Unit 1 Sports and GamesTopic 1 Are you going to play basketball?1.see sb. do sth “看見(jiàn)某人做了某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程,常與every day; often等連用.see sb. doing sth. “看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行. Eg : I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures near the river.

2、 我常看見(jiàn)她在河邊畫畫. I saw her go across the street. 我看見(jiàn)她過(guò)了馬路 I saw her going across the street. 我看見(jiàn)她正在過(guò)馬路. 類似的有watch,hear,feel 等這類感觀動(dòng)詞.2.join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”join + 組織 表示 “加入某個(gè)組織”take part in 表示 “參加/出席某個(gè)活動(dòng)”如: Will you join us? I will join the skiing club. She is planning to take part in the high j

3、ump.3.prefer to 更喜歡 （to是介詞，后接名詞、V-ing形式） Eg：She prefers fish to meat. She prefers playing the piano to playing the guitar.4.arrive in + 大地點(diǎn)arrive at + 小地點(diǎn) get to + 地點(diǎn) = reach + 地點(diǎn)如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great W

4、all.注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home5.leave 離開(kāi)leave for 動(dòng)身去/離開(kāi)到如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他們要離開(kāi)北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他們要前往日本.6.a few “幾個(gè);一些” 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little “一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)” 修飾不數(shù)名詞如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There

5、 is a little water in the bottle.7.how long 表示“多久(時(shí)間)”; 提問(wèn)時(shí)間段. how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提問(wèn)時(shí)間的頻率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing? He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball?8.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅長(zhǎng)于(做)某

6、事 如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.9.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài) keep sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài) 如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 一般將來(lái)時(shí)：（一）be going to 結(jié)構(gòu): 表示主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行某一將來(lái)行動(dòng)的打算、意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)

7、過(guò)預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準(zhǔn)備的意思，因此通常認(rèn)為用be going to表達(dá)的行動(dòng)很可能會(huì)見(jiàn)諸實(shí)踐。 如：Im going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同學(xué)們一起打籃球。 She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算為她媽媽買一件毛衣。表預(yù)測(cè)。指根據(jù)跡象推測(cè)，而且馬上或很快就要發(fā)生。 如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些烏云！快要下雨了?。ǘ?will + 動(dòng)詞原形：表示單純的將來(lái)事實(shí)，常與表

8、將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等連用。will not = wont; 縮略形式為ll.表示作出立即的決定。這種意圖并未經(jīng)過(guò)事先的考慮或計(jì)劃，是臨時(shí)的一種決定。如：a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。-Im sorry. Ill do it right away. 對(duì)不起。我馬上就去做。b. -Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡還是茶？ -I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯

9、茶。c. Dont worry. Ill help you. 別擔(dān)心。我會(huì)幫你的。表示預(yù)測(cè)。指說(shuō)話人對(duì)于將來(lái)的看法、假設(shè)和推測(cè)。如： Im sure our team will win next time. 我確信下次我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏。Maybe she will go to the gym. 也許她會(huì)去體育館。表示許諾。如： Ill do better next time. 下次我會(huì)做得更好的。 Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我會(huì)去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否定句：I/She/He/They

10、wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑問(wèn)句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont.（三）動(dòng)詞plan, come, go, leave, fly等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的事. 如： Im coming. 我就來(lái)。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他將到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我們將去北京。Topic 2 Would you mind teaching

11、 me ?1.ill 與 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表語(yǔ)而既可作表語(yǔ)也可作定語(yǔ).如: The man is ill/sick. 那個(gè)男人病了. (作表語(yǔ)) He is a sick man. 他是個(gè)病人. (作定語(yǔ))2.Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好嗎?”如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 來(lái)修理它好嗎? Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在這兒吸煙好/介意嗎?3. one of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) 表示 “其中之一”, 主語(yǔ)是one,表單數(shù).

12、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一個(gè)隊(duì)友又高又壯。4. miss “錯(cuò)過(guò),思念,遺失”如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我錯(cuò)過(guò)最后一班車. He missed his mother. 他想念他的母親. My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把鑰匙弄丟了.5. do ones best 盡某人的最大努力 = try ones best We do our best to finish the task.6. be sure to do st

13、h. = be sure that + 句子 “確定做某事” 如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time. 我們確信下次一定會(huì)贏。7. be sorry for “為某事抱歉”be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我為我所說(shuō)的話感到抱歉. Im sorry I lost your book. = Im sorry to lose your book.很抱歉

14、弄丟你的書。8. tired adj. “（感到）疲憊的” , 主語(yǔ)是人 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.tiring adj. “令人疲勞的”, 主語(yǔ)是事物 如:This job is tiring. 這份工作令人疲憊.類似的有: excited 感到興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的 interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的9. 15-year-old “15歲的”15 years old “15歲” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.類似用法: 2.5-mil

15、e / 2.5 miles10. instead “替代;相反”, 一般單獨(dú)使用,放在句末,前面用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi).instead of“替代;而不,相反”如: I wont go to Shanghai. Ill go to Beijing, instead. 我不會(huì)去上海而會(huì)去北京. = Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了許多牛奶而不是水.have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “從做.中獲得樂(lè)趣”如: I have grea

16、t fun running. = I enjoy running.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂(lè)趣。Topic 3 Which sport will you take part in?1. be ready for 為準(zhǔn)備 = prepare for Eg：We are ready for the final exam = We are preparing for the final exam2. encourage 鼓勵(lì) (to + V )Eg：We should encourage children to look after themselves.3. take / do exercise 做

17、鍛煉Eg：They often takes / does exercise in the morning.4. group up 長(zhǎng)大Eg：What are you going to be when you grow up.bring up : 撫養(yǎng)5. a symbol of代表 = stand forEg：?The?Tang?costume?stands?for?Chinese?fashion?culture?and?the?long?history?of?China. The?Tang?costume is a symbol of Chinese?fashion?culture?and?

18、the?long?history?of?China.6. at least 至少 at most 至多Eg：We need at least another two days to finish the task. There are 1000 students in this school at most.7. fill out + 名詞 “填好”fill + 名詞/代詞+out如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 請(qǐng)?zhí)詈眠@張表格. Please fill it/them out. (當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí), 只能放中間

19、) 請(qǐng)把它(們)填好.8. be afraid “恐怕” 指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人. be afraid of “害怕(做)” 如: Im afraid I wont be free. 我恐怕沒(méi)有空. He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗. They are afraid of losing the game. 他們害怕輸了比賽.9. may be “可能是” may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + bemaybe “或許; 可能” maybe是副詞如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老師. He may know he

20、r name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.10. between 在兩者之間 among 在三者或三者當(dāng)中如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之間. The winner is among of us. 獲勝者在我們當(dāng)中.Unit 2 Keeping HealthyTopic 1 How are you feeling today?1. 身體某個(gè)部位 + ache，表身體某處疼痛。如: headache 頭痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛2. medi

21、cine “藥”（為不可數(shù)名詞） pill “藥片” （為可數(shù)名詞）如: take some medicine 吃些藥 take some cold pills 吃些感冒藥3. with “含有” without “沒(méi)有”Eg：hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶 mooncake with eggs 含雞蛋的月餅 Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中國(guó)清茶 Go to school without (eating) breakfast. 沒(méi)

22、吃早飯去上學(xué)。4. well 康復(fù) well 是副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞。作為形容詞來(lái)用時(shí)，是“身體健康”的意思。Eg：She dances well.( well是副詞)Take care of you ，youll be well soon.( well是形容詞)good是形容詞，“好的” eg：He is a good boy.5. Youd better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看醫(yī)生 see a doctor 看醫(yī)生had better (not) do sth 最好（不）做某事Eg：Youd better ask your teacher for help You h

23、ave a fever，Lets see a doctor. Your leg is hurt ，youd better not move.6. have a rest 休息一下Eg:You look tired ,why not have a rest?7. until “直到為止” ; 句中動(dòng)詞一般為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞not until “直到才” ; 句中動(dòng)詞一般為短暫性動(dòng)詞 如: He will wait for his father until ten oclock. 他將等他父親一直到10點(diǎn)為止. He wont leave until his father comes . 直到他父親來(lái)他

24、才離開(kāi). 8. plenty of “充足;大量” 既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 只用于肯定句,相當(dāng)于a lot of/ lots of many “許多”, 修飾可數(shù)名詞 much “許多”, 修飾不可數(shù)名詞如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你應(yīng)該喝大量的開(kāi)水. You shouldnt drink so much water. 你不應(yīng)該喝這么多水. I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books. 我有許多水.Topic 2 I must ask him to giv

25、e up smoking.1. be good for 對(duì)有益 be bad for 對(duì)有害如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳對(duì)健康有益. Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光下看書對(duì)眼睛有害.2. enough adj. “足夠的” 修飾名詞時(shí), 既可放在名詞之前, 也可放在名詞之后.(但通常放在名詞之前)如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work. 我有足夠的時(shí)間完成這項(xiàng)工作. There is enough food

26、in the fridge. 冰箱里有足夠的食物.adv. “足夠地” 修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí), 均放在所修飾詞的后面.如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足夠高,能夠得著蘋果. He speaks clearly enough. 他講得足夠清楚.3. need “需要, 必需”作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事如: I need some help. 我需要一些幫助. You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看醫(yī)生. He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭車

27、.作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞: need + 動(dòng)詞原形如: If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么東西, 只要開(kāi)口就行了. You neednt finish this work today. 你不必今天完成這項(xiàng)工作. 4. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 表“太多的” much too + 形容詞 表“太”，much 起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣作用如：Dont eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。He is much too fat. 他實(shí)在太胖了。5. give up 放棄 Eg|：In order to keep healthy，you mus

28、t give up smoking and drinking.6. Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜有害你的健康. (V-ing短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)) staying up （late）熬夜 （到很晚）6. throw about 亂扔Eg：We shouldnt throw litter about.7. in public 公共的Eg：We shouldnt smoke in public.8. more than 超過(guò) less than 少于Eg：There are more than 1000 students in that school.

29、 I do morning exercise less than three times a week.9. must “必須, 一定” 如: We must study hard. 我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí). must表示推測(cè)時(shí)一般用于肯定句；在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中一般應(yīng)用can,否定句中也可用功ay,但may not表示“可能不”，而cant表示“不可能”；(4）否定句中，mustnt表示禁止，意為“不允許”。以must開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答應(yīng)用must，而否定回答則常用neednt,neednt表示“不需要、不必”，相當(dāng)于dont have to。如： Theres someone knocking on the door. It must he Jim. 有人敲門?？隙ㄊ羌?。Eg -Must we keep the windows open all the time?-No, we dont have to. / No, we neednt. (注意回答時(shí)不能用No, we mustnt.)* have to “不得不,必須”, 側(cè)重表示因客觀條件或客觀環(huán)境的迫使而不得不做某事（可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)）