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1、初一至初三全程英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí) 畢小六，姐姐我費(fèi)勁心思給你找的 嘿嘿 來源： 張楚怡的日志 初一至初三全程英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí) 初一年級（上）【知識梳理】I. 重點(diǎn)短語 1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shopping II.重要句型 1. help sb. do sth.2. What

2、about?3. Lets do sth.4. Its time to do sth.5. Its time for 6. Whats? It is/ Its7. Where is? Its.8. How old are you? Im.9. What class are you in?Im in.10. Welcome to.11. Whats plus? Its.12. I think13. Whos this? This is.14. What can you see？I can see.15. There is (are) .16. What colour is it (are the

3、y)? Its (Theyre)17. Whose is this? Its.18. What time is it? Its. III.交際用語 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr.2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? Im fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! Youre welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. Whats your name? My n

4、ame is .9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Whos on duty today?11. Lets do.12. Let me see. IV.重要語法1.動詞be的用法；2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；4.冠詞的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法?！久麕熤v解】1.in/on 在表示空間位置時，in表示在某個空間的范圍以內(nèi)，on表示在某一個物體的表面之上。例如：There is a bird in the tree.樹上有只鳥。There is a picture on the wall.墻上有張圖。2. t

5、his/that/these/those(1)this常常用來指在時間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的人和事，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來指在時間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：You look in this box and Ill look in that one over there.你看看這個盒子，我去看那邊的那個盒子。I want this car, not that car.我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。Take these books to his room, please.請把這些書拿到他房間去。This is mine; th

6、ats yours.這個是我的，那個是你的。These are apples; those are oranges.這些是蘋果，那些是橘子。(2)在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對方。例如：This is Mary speaking. Whos that?我是瑪麗。你是誰？3. There be/ haveThere be 有，其確切含意為某處或某時存在某人或某物。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：There be +某人或某物+表示地點(diǎn)或時間的狀語。There be后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語，be動詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持一致，be動詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時用is，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時用ar

7、e。例如：(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table.桌上有一大瓶子可樂。(2) There is a doll in the box.那個盒子里有個娃娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree.那樹上有許多蘋果。總之，There be結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的有。have表示擁有，占有，具有，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主語是所屬關(guān)系。例如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個兄弟，一個姐姐。(5) Th

8、at house has four rooms.那所房子有四個房間。4. look/ see/ watch(1)look表示“看、瞧”，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作，表示有意識地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對方注意。，如：Look! The children are playing computer games.瞧！孩子們在玩電腦游戲。Look! Whats that over there?看！那邊那個是什么？單獨(dú)使用是不及物動詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物，其后接介詞at，才能帶賓語，如：Hes looking at me。他正在看著我。(2)see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，著重的是look這個動作的結(jié)果，意思

9、是“看到”，see是及物動詞，后面能直接跟賓語。如：What can you see in the picture?你能在圖上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch“觀看，注視”，側(cè)重于場面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務(wù)的活動，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場足球比賽。4. put on/ / input on意為“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動作,后

10、面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞，表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語、標(biāo)語和狀語。如：Its cold outside, put on your coat.外面冷，穿上你的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。The woman in a white blouse is Johns mother.穿白色襯衣的那個婦女是John的媽媽。5. house/ home/familyhouse：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home:“家”，指一個人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“，“家庭成員”。例如：Please co

11、me to my house this afternoon.今天下午請到我家來。He is not at home.他不在家。My family all get up early.我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉纭?. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容詞表示好之意，但前三者既可作表語又可作定語，而后者僅用作表語。主要區(qū)別在于：(1) fine指物時表示的是質(zhì)量上的精細(xì)，形容人時表示的是身體健康，也可以用來指天氣晴朗。例如：Your parents are very fine.你父母身體很健康。Thats a fine machine.那是一臺很好的機(jī)器Its a fine day

12、 for a walk today.今天是散步的好時候。(2)nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表，有美好，漂亮的意思，也可用于問候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：Lucy looks nice.露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice.那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you.見到你很高興。Its very nice of you.你真好。(3)good形容人時指品德好，形容物時指質(zhì)量好，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如：Her son is a good student.她兒子是一個好學(xué)生。The red car is very good.那輛紅色小汽車很好。(4)w

13、ell只可用來形容人的身體好，但不能作定語，它也能用作副詞作狀語，多放在所修飾的動詞之后。例如：Im very well, thanks.我身體很好，謝謝。My friends sing well.我的朋友們歌唱得好?！究键c(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在： 1.動詞be的用法；2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；4.冠詞的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法。6.本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型；7.本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語。考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。 【中考范例】1. (20XX年北京市中考試題) Mary, please show

14、_ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動詞show后面跟雙賓語，空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語。2. (20XX年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題) _ orange on the desk is for you, Mike. A. A B.An C. / D. The【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因為是特指課桌上的那個橘子，所以用定冠詞the。3. (20XX年哈爾濱市中考試題) -What _ the number of the girls in your class? -Ab

15、out twenty. A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案：A。該題考查的是動詞be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語，應(yīng)該是單數(shù)第三人稱，動詞be變?yōu)閕s。4. (20XX年陜西省中考試題) There _ a football match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是There be句型和動詞have用法區(qū)別。There be句型本身就表示“在某個地方存在某個人或物”，不能和動詞have混在一起用。初

16、一年級（下）【知識梳理】I. 重點(diǎn)短語 1. a bottle of2. a little3. a lot (of)4. all day5. be from6. be over7. come back8. come from9. do ones homework10. do the shopping11. get down12. get home13. get to14. get up15. go shopping16. have a drink of17. have a look18. have breakfast19. have lunch20. have supper21. listen

17、 to22. notat all23. putaway24. take off25. throw it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening29. on a farm30. in a factory II.重要句型 1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth.?3. would like sth.4. would like to do sth.5. What about something to eat?6. How d

18、o you spell ?7. May I borrow? III.交際用語 1. Thanks very much!Youre welcome.2. Put it/them away.3. Whats wrong?4. I think so. I dont think so.5. I want to take some books to the classroom.6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.9. Whats your favourite sport?1

19、0. Dont worry.11.Im (not) good at basketball.12. Do you want a go?13. Thats right./ Thats all right./ All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I dont.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They dont have any CDs.16. -What day is it today / tomorrow?-Its Monday.17. -May I

20、borrow your colour pens, please? -Certainly. Here you are.18. -Where are you from?-From Beijing.19. Whats your telephone number in New York?20. -Do you like hot dogs?-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)-No, I dont. ( I dont like them at all.)21. -What does your mother like?-She likes dumpl

21、ings and vegetables very much.22. -When do you go to school every day?-I go to school at 7:00 every day.23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?-He goes to bed at 10:00. IV.重要語法 1.人稱代詞的用法；2.祈使句；3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成和用法；4動詞have的用法；5一般現(xiàn)在時構(gòu)成和用法；6可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法 【名師講解】1. Thats right./ Thats all right./ Al

22、l right.Thats right意為“對的”，表示贊同對方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對方的答案或判斷。例如：I think we must help the old man.我想我們應(yīng)該幫助這位老人。Thats right.或Youre right.說得對。Thats all right.意為“不用謝”、“沒關(guān)系”，用來回答對方的致謝或道歉。例如：Many thanks. Thats all right. Sorry. Its broken. Thats all right.All right.意為“行了”、“可以”，表示同意對方的建議或要求。有時還可以表示“身體很好”Please tel

23、l me about it. 請把此事告訴我。 All right.好吧。Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎2. make/do這兩個詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體的事。Can you make a paper boat for me?你能為我做個紙船嗎？Hes doing his homework now.他正在做他的作業(yè)。3. say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口語化的最普通的一個詞，意為“說出”、“說道”，著重所說的話。如：“I want to go there by bus”, he

24、said .他說，“我要坐汽車到那里去。”Please say it in English .請用英語說。speak :“說話”，著重開口發(fā)聲，不著重所說的內(nèi)容，一般用作不及物動詞(即后面不能直接接賓語)。如：Can you speak about him?你能不能說說他的情況？I dont like to speak like this.我不喜歡這樣說話。speak作及物動詞解時，只能和某種語言等連用，表達(dá)在對話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如：She speaks English well.她英語說得好。talk :與speak意義相近，也著重說話的動作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也只用作不及物

25、動詞，不過，talk暗示話是對某人說的，有較強(qiáng)的對話意味，著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如：I would like to talk to him about it .我想跟他談那件事。Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。tell :“告訴”,除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙賓語。如：Hes telling me a story.他在給我講故事。tell a lie撒謊 tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth 如：.Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.

26、4. do cooking/ do the cookingdo cooking作“做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動名詞，不能用作復(fù)數(shù)，但前面可用some, much修飾。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語：do some washing洗些衣服do some shopping買些東西do some reading讀書do some writing寫些東西do some fishing釣魚從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some, much或定冠詞。go shopping去買東西go fishing去釣魚go bo

27、ating去劃船go swimming去游泳5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.like doing sth.與like to do sth.意思相同，但用法有區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的愛好或者表示動作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性；后來表示一次性和偶然性的動作。例如：He likes playing football, but he doesnt like to play football with Li Ming.他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。6. other/ others/ the other/ anotherother表其余的，別的，如：Have you any

28、 other questions?你還有其他問題嗎?others別的人，別的東西.如：In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美國人,其他的是法國人。the other表另一個（二者之中）one，the other如：One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.我兩個哥哥中的一個學(xué)習(xí)英文,另一個學(xué)中文。another表三者以上的另一個，另一些如：There is room for another few book

29、s on the shelf.書架上還可以放點(diǎn)書。7. in the tree/ on the treein the tree與on the tree.譯成中文均為在樹上但英語中有區(qū)別。in the tree表示某人、某事（不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西）落在樹上，表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上時，要使用on the tree.如：There are some apples on the tree.那棵樹上有些蘋果。There is a bird in the tree.那棵樹上有只鳥。8. some/ anysome和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點(diǎn)需要注意。(1)s

30、ome常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問句中。如：There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isnt any water in the glass.(2)在說話者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問句中，或在表示請求，邀請的疑問句中，我們依然用some。如：Would you like some tea?9. tall/ high(1)說人，動物，樹木等有生命的東西，主要用tall，不用high，例如a tall woman一個高個子婦女a(chǎn) tall horse一個高大的馬(2)說一個不與地面接觸的人和物的高時，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上時，飛機(jī)飛上天時，例如：He is high up in the tree.他高高地爬在樹上。The plane is so high in the sky.飛機(jī)在空中這么高。(3)指建筑物、山時要tall或high都可以，不過high的程度比tall高。(4)high可作副詞，tall不能。(5)tall的反義詞為short, high的反義詞為low.10. can/ c