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1、第6單元形容詞和副詞(二)（一）形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法：大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞都有三個等級：原級、比較級和最高級。形容詞、副詞的原形稱為原級；兩人或兩物之間，在性質(zhì)或特征方面相比較時，用比較級；在三個或三個以上人或事物之間進行性質(zhì)或特征方面的比較，用最高級。注：有些形容詞由于本身涵意的限制，沒有比較級和最高級。如：dead, empty, round, sure, woolen等。（二）使用比較級和最高級的幾個要點1比較應(yīng)在同類事物間進行誤：My hair is longer than you. 正：My hair is longer than yours.為了避免重復(fù)累贅，比較狀語從句

2、中常有某些成分被省略，但作為“比較的對象”的成分不能省掉，否則會造成不合邏輯的比較。誤句中you和my hair不屬同類的東西比較，故要成yours(=your hair),這樣便屬同類比較了。 2避免雙重比較誤：His handwriting is more better than mine.正：His handwriting is better than mine.在比較級前加上more屬重復(fù)比較，是錯誤的。 3比較級和最高級前的修飾語不可誤用誤：You can jump very higher on the moon than on the earth.正：You can jump mu

3、ch/far higher on the moon than on the earth.very不可與比較級或最高級連用，比較級前可用much, far, even, a lot, a little等來修飾。4最高級后的介詞in與of誤：Xu Yang sings the best of her class.正：Xu Yang sings the best in her class.表示比較的范圍的介詞短語“in.”與“of.”在用法上是有區(qū)別的：(1) in表示“在內(nèi)(指某范圍內(nèi))”，其后接表示單位、組織、時間等概念的單數(shù)名詞或代詞。(2) of表示“屬性(指在同類人、物中)”，其后可接：

4、a.“the+基數(shù)詞”或“the+基數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)” Betty is the youngest of the three girls. b.“all +the(ones)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”或“all(作代詞)” Lin Lan is the hardest of all. 5形容詞最高級前要用the誤：This TV play is best I have ever seen.正：This TV play is the best I have ever seen.形容詞前必須用定冠詞the,副詞最高級前可以用也可以不用the。 6比較級前加the誤：Lucy is nicer of the two

5、.正：Lucy is the nicer of the two.形容詞的比較是對兩種性質(zhì)相同的人或事物的比較：如“A比B漂亮”，英語有兩種譯法：一是把A、B都說出來：A is nicer than B;另一種是只說出其中一個人：A is the nicer of the two.因此在“主語+謂語+the+比較級+of the two+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的句型中，比較級前的the不能省去。 7比較要符合邏輯誤：Zhang Feng is shorter than any boy in his class.正：Zhang Feng is shorter than any other boy in his

6、 class.正：Zhang Feng is the shortest of all the boys in his class.當(dāng)比較的人或物超過兩個時，我們使用“any other”或“the+最高級+of”的結(jié)構(gòu)。誤句中any boy(任何一個男孩)包括了Zhang Feng,而Zhang Feng不能比他本身還要矮。 8主格和賓格問題比較級than后應(yīng)用人稱代詞的主格，但在非正式語體中常常用賓格，如：I am older than she. I am older than her.(多用于口語中)但有時意義有所不同。如：I like the boy better than her.(我

7、喜歡那個男孩勝于喜歡她) I like the boy better than she.(我比她更喜歡那個男孩) 9同一個表示比較的句子，可以有不同的表達。如：他是班上個子最高的。He is the tallest in his class.He is the tallest student in his class.He is the tallest of the students in his class.He is taller than his classmates.He is taller than any other student in his class.He is talle

8、r than any of the other students in his class.He is taller than any of the others in his class.He is taller than all of the others in his class.He is taller than all the others in his class.He is taller than anybody else in his class.Nobody else in the class is as tall as he.No one is taller than him in his class.Nobody else is as tall as he in his class.