矩陣的對(duì)角化及其應(yīng)用(共39頁(yè)).doc
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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 學(xué)院2016屆本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì))矩陣的對(duì)角化及其應(yīng)用學(xué)生: 學(xué) 號(hào): 專(zhuān) 業(yè): 數(shù)學(xué)與應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué) 指導(dǎo)老師: 答辯時(shí)間: 2016.5.22 裝訂時(shí)間: 2016.5.25 A Graduation Thesis (Project)Submitted to School of Science, Hubei University for NationalitiesIn Partial Fulfillment of the Requiring for BS DegreeIn the Year of 2016Diagonalization of the Matrix an
2、d its ApplicationsStudent Name Student No.: Specialty: Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Supervisor: Date of Thesis Defense:2016.5.22 Date of Bookbinding: 2016.5.25 專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)摘 要矩陣在大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)中是一個(gè)重要工具,在很多方面應(yīng)用矩陣能簡(jiǎn)化描述性語(yǔ)言,而且也更容易理解,比如說(shuō)線性方程組、二次方程等. 矩陣相似是一個(gè)等價(jià)關(guān)系,利用相似可以把矩陣進(jìn)行分類(lèi),其中與對(duì)角矩陣相似的一類(lèi)矩陣尤為重要,這類(lèi)矩陣有很好的性質(zhì),方便我們解決其
3、它的問(wèn)題. 本文從矩陣的對(duì)角化的諸多充要條件及充分條件著手,探討數(shù)域上任意一個(gè)階矩陣的對(duì)角化問(wèn)題,給出判定方法,研究判定方法間的相互關(guān)系,以及某些特殊矩陣的對(duì)角化,還給出如冪等矩陣、對(duì)合矩陣、冪幺矩陣對(duì)角化的應(yīng)用.關(guān)鍵詞:對(duì)角矩陣,實(shí)對(duì)稱(chēng)矩陣,冪等矩陣,對(duì)合矩陣,特征值,特征向量,最小多項(xiàng)式AbstractThe matrix is an important tool in college mathematics, and can simplify the description language based on the application of matrix in many ways.
4、 So it is easier to understand in many fields, for example, linear equations, quadratic equations. In many characteristics, the matrix similarity is an very important aspect. We know that the matrix similarity is an equivalence relation by which we can classify matrix, the diagonal matrix is very im
5、portant. This kind of matrix has good properties, and it is convenient for us to solve other problems, such as the application of similar matrix in linear space. In this paper, we first discuss many necessary and sufficient conditions of diagonalization of matrix and then give some applications of s
6、pecial matrix diagonalization.Key words: diagonal matrix,real symmetric matrix,idempotent matrix,involutory matrix,the eigenvaule,the feature vector,minimal polynomial 目 錄摘要III緒言1課題背景1目的和意義 1國(guó)外概況 1預(yù)備知識(shí)2相關(guān)概念2矩陣的對(duì)角化4特殊矩陣的對(duì)角化 14矩陣對(duì)角化的應(yīng)用 22總結(jié) 24致謝 25參考文獻(xiàn) 26獨(dú)創(chuàng)聲明 281 緒言本課題研究與矩陣的對(duì)角化相關(guān)的問(wèn)題,從對(duì)角化的判定展開(kāi)論述,結(jié)合其它學(xué)術(shù)
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