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1、 新概念英語第二冊筆記新版:第20課【New words and expressions】（5）catch v. 抓到fisherman n. 釣魚人，漁民boot n. 靴子waste n. 鋪張realize v. 意識到 catch v. 抓到 vt. 捉住，逮住，捕獲The police have caught the thief.Have you caught any fish today? vt. 抓住，握住Can you catch the ball? vt. 準(zhǔn)時趕到，趕上catch a bus 趕車I want to catch the eight nineteen (tra

2、in) to London. catch的一些固定用法catch a cold 染上感冒catch one”s breath 摒住呼吸catch sight of = see 觀察catch fire 著火catch one”s eyes 吸引某人留意力 boot n. 靴子a pair of boots 一雙靴子 waste n. 鋪張 n. 鋪張a waste of 鋪張It is a waste of time/money/food/water. vt. 鋪張You are wasting time. realize v. 意識到 v. 熟悉，知道，明白，意識到I went into t

3、he wrong room without realizing it. 我無意中走錯了房間。I realized that I was wrong. v. 實現(xiàn)（盼望、目標(biāo)、愿望等）realize one”s dream 實現(xiàn)某人的幻想She has realized her hope to be an actress. 使變?yōu)槭聦崳拱l(fā)生（常用于被動語態(tài)）This plan can never be realized. 【Text】Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything.

4、But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything - not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. ”You must give up fishing!” my fr

5、iends say. ”It”s a waste of time.” But they don”t realize one important thing. I”m not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all! 參考譯文釣魚是我特殊寵愛的一項運動. 我常常一釣數(shù)小時卻一無所獲, 但我從不為此苦惱. 有些垂釣者就是不走運, 他們往往魚釣不到, 卻釣上來些舊靴子和垃圾. 我的運氣甚至還不及他們. 我什么東西也未釣到過 - 就連舊靴子也沒有.

6、我總是在河上呆上整整一上午, 然后空著袋子回家. “你可別再釣魚了!” 我的朋友們說, “這是鋪張時間. “然而他們沒有熟悉到重要的一點, 我并不是真的對釣魚有興趣, 我感興趣的只是獨坐孤舟, 無所事事! 【課文講解】1、Fishing is my favourite sport.fishing是一個動名詞，由動詞+ing組成，動名詞可以作主語或賓語，如eating，reading等等fish n. 魚（不行數(shù)名詞），魚的種類（可數(shù)）There are a lot of fishes(表示種類)in the sea. v. 釣魚, 捕魚 2、I often fish for hours wit

7、hout catching anything.for+時間 表示一段時間for hours=for some hours 數(shù)小時without catching anything作為狀語而消失, 表示結(jié)果狀語。without是介詞，后面肯定要加賓語, 動名詞catching作without的賓語，without 后面的動作是主語來做的。動名詞也有動詞的特性，可以有自己的賓語。without通常表示“缺乏、沒有”；當(dāng)它位于動名詞前時，表示“不曾、不” I cant repair the car without your help. They tried to leave the restaura

8、nt without paying. He went out without saying any words. 3、But this does not worry me.worry v. 苦惱，擔(dān)擾worry sb. 某人為苦惱，擔(dān)擾（作動詞肯定要加人作賓語, 翻譯時從后往前翻，賓語擔(dān)憂）The house worried me. / My daughter worried me. adj. 擔(dān)憂be worried about 為擔(dān)憂 I was never worried about this. = This does not worry me. 4、Instead of catchin

9、g fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.instead of 我原預(yù)備做但是后來做了（instead of 后面的詞肯定是沒有做的, 可以放在主句后面）I went to school instead of staying at home. 我沒呆在家里而是去上學(xué)了I bought books instead of buying dresses.without強調(diào)沒有做某件事, instead of強調(diào)這件事沒做成而做成了另外一件事副詞instead“作為替代，反而”，單獨使用時一般消失在句尾 If you dont want a holiday in

10、 England, why dont you go to Australia instead? 5、I am even less lucky.less是little的比擬級，意為“不及，不如，更少” I spend less time on English than on French. less+原形A is lessthan B A不如B 6、After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.spend+時間+在某地 在某地度過時間after +從句 在之后after +名詞

11、/動詞的ing形式 之后（從句主語必需是主句的主語時兩種形式可互換）After I go to school, I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一個事實, 不用 “went to” )After going to school, I learned a lot of knowledge.介詞after的賓語的動名詞having spent所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞go之前，所以動名詞用完成形式。 with an empty bag wiTAn5emptIbA 留意連讀with sth. 有的，持有的，隨身帶著(狀語) Whos the man with

12、 the beard? without sth. 沒帶I always go home without angthing. 什么都沒帶回家 7、”You must give up fishing!” my friends say.give up doing sth. = stop doing sth. 放棄做某事Give up smoking. 8、I”m not really interested in fishing.be intersted in sth. / doing sth. 對感興趣 Im interested in collecting stamps. 【Key structu

13、res】動名詞動詞+ing作名詞時稱為動名詞，它仍有動詞的屬性，可以接賓語，動名詞可以代替名詞做主語和賓語或介詞賓語。1、動名詞作主語Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看電視是我最寵愛的業(yè)余愛好.2、動名詞作賓語I am very keen on cycling. 我特別喜愛騎自行車.He is capable of doing anything. 他能勝任任何事情.3、利用介詞/副詞+動名詞可以把兩個句子連成一個句子apologize for (not) doing sth. 為什么事情而賠禮I must apologize. I in

14、terrupted you. 我得表示賠禮. 我打斷了你的說話(工作).I must apologize for interrupting you.由于打斷了你的說話(工作), 我得表示賠禮. （for interrupting強調(diào)interrupt這個動詞）I must apologize for having interrupted you.（for having interrupted強調(diào)interrupt這個動詞先發(fā)生，強調(diào)時間 (having done)） 以上兩者為時間概念不同，意思一樣 congratulate (sb.) on doing sth. 因慶賀（某人） He congratulated me. I won the competition. 他向我道賀. 我贏得了這次競賽. He congratulated me on winning the competition. 在我贏得這次競賽之際, 他向我慶賀.He congratulated me o