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1、Christina.Chen1.動詞分分為謂語動詞和非和非謂語動詞f 1.1.謂語動詞 ：在句子中擔任在句子中擔任謂語的的動詞。2.2.非非謂語動詞：不不能能做做句句子子謂語而而具具有有其其它它語法法功功能能的的動詞。非非謂語動詞使用條件：一個句子當中，已使用條件：一個句子當中，已經有一個主句（有一個主句（謂語動詞），在沒有），在沒有連詞出出現的情況下，的情況下，還有有別的的動詞（非（非謂語動詞）出）出現時。She She She She left the restaurant,putting her mobile phone on left the restaurant,putting he

2、r mobile phone on left the restaurant,putting her mobile phone on left the restaurant,putting her mobile phone on her seather seather seather seat.(putting:.(putting:.(putting:.(putting:非非非非謂語動詞謂語動詞）She She She She left left left left the the the the restaurant,restaurant,restaurant,restaurant,butbu

3、tbutbut put put put put her her her her mobile phone mobile phone mobile phone mobile phone on on on on her seather seather seather seat.（put:put:put:put:謂語動詞謂語動詞）2.動詞動詞不定式不定式動動名名詞詞3.動詞不定式在句中承擔的成分不定式在句中承擔的成分1.1.作主作主語2.2.作表作表語3.3.作作賓語4.4.作作賓語補足足語5.5.作定作定語6.6.作狀作狀語4.(1(1)主主語 SubjectSubjectTo get enoug

4、h sleepTo get enough sleep at night is important at night is important.ItIt_._.It is adj.(for sb)to do It is adj.(for sb)to do sth.sth.It is+a pleasure/an It is+a pleasure/an honor/ahonor/a pity to do.pity to do.It takes sb+time to do.It takes sb+time to do.is is important important to get enough sl

5、eepto get enough sleep at night at night不定式作主不定式作主語時,往往放在往往放在謂語之后之后,用用itit作形式主作形式主語.5.1.1.吸煙吸煙對你來你來說是不好的。是不好的。It is not good for you to smokeIt is not good for you to smoke.2.2.和你一起共和你一起共進晚餐很愉快晚餐很愉快。It is a pleasure to have dinner with youIt is a pleasure to have dinner with you.It only tooktook two

6、 years to complete the project.3.3.完成完成這項工程只花了二年工程只花了二年時間。鞏固鞏固練習1 16.(2(2)表表語 PredicativePredicativeMy jobisYour task is _(努力學努力學習).to study hardto teach you English.To see is to believe.7.These These days everyone wants days everyone wants to get richto get rich fastfast.(3)(3)賓語 ObjectObject常用常用動詞

7、不定式作不定式作賓語的的動詞有有:fail,happen,mean,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree，etc.+to dolike to dolike to domanage to domanage to do8.think think considerconsiderfind find make make feelfeel4.4.我希望很快收到你的信。我希望很快收到你的信。I hope I hope to hearto hear from you soon.from you soon.5.5.我決定不留下來。我決定不留下來。I decided

8、 not to stay.6.6.學生學生們認為玩玩電腦游游戲很有趣。很有趣。Students thought_Students thought_7.7.她她覺得沒有沒有必要和他得沒有沒有必要和他辯論。She thought it unnecessary She thought it unnecessary to argueto argue with him.with him.it interesting it interesting to playto play compute pute games.it+adj.+to do 鞏固鞏固練習2 2形式形式賓語9.The teacher tol

9、d me The teacher told me to clean the blackboardto clean the blackboard.(4).(4).賓補 ComplementComplement五看五看 watch watch seesee look at look at observeobserve notice notice三使三使 letlet makemake havehave 二聽二聽 listen to listen to hearhear一感一感覺:feel feel當遇到下列當遇到下列動詞時,不定式省略不定式省略to:to:allow,cause,ask,advis

10、e,expect,force,permit,allow,cause,ask,advise,expect,force,permit,persuade,tell,want,warn,teachpersuade,tell,want,warn,teach等等.醫(yī)生建醫(yī)生建議他去南方他去南方.The doctor The doctor advised him to goadvised him to go to the south.to the south.+sb to dosb to do10.I made himI made him do do hishis work work.He He See s

11、b See sb dodo sth sth-sb be seen sb be seen to to dodoHe was seen _ from the tree and get hurt.He was seen _ from the tree and get hurt.A.A.fall B.to fall C.falling D.fallenfall B.to fall C.falling D.fallen改改錯:He was heard talk to his mother for He was heard talk to his mother for an hour.an hour.to

12、 talkwas made was made toto do do his work his work b by me.y me.11.(5(5)定定語 Attributive Attributive(如果不定式中的如果不定式中的動詞是不及物是不及物動詞,則不定式中要有介不定式中要有介詞.).)He islooking He islooking forfor_._.(一一間可以可以住的房子住的房子）ThereThere is nothing is nothing_.*我想要幾本我想要幾本書在旅途中看。在旅途中看。Idlike _.Idlike _.a few books few books t

13、o read during the journey.-What do you think of the school?What do you think of the school?-It is a very good-It is a very good _ _ A.A.school to study in B.school for children school to study in B.school for children C C.studying studying school school D D.school to study.school to studyto worry ab

14、outto worry aboutThe topics The topics to be discussed to be discussed at tomorrows meeting at tomorrows meeting is concerned about the Olympics 2008.is concerned about the Olympics 2008.（沒有什么可擔心的）沒有什么可擔心的）a room to live in12.I came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.(6)(6)狀狀語 Adverb

15、ialAdverbialin order to,so as to,in order to,so as to,1.1.表目的表目的2.2.表原因表原因We were very excited We were very excited to hear the news.to hear the news.3.3.表表結果果This room is big enough This room is big enough to hold usto hold us.enoughto,tooto,only to,etc.enoughto,tooto,only to,etc.He lifted a rock H

16、e lifted a rock only to drop it on his own only to drop it on his own feetfeet.13.1._ late in the morning,Bob turned off the 1._ late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.alarm.A.To A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having Having sleptslept 鞏固鞏固練習2 2翻翻譯：19351935年年,他離開家再也沒

17、回來。他離開家再也沒回來。In In 1935 he left 1935 he left homehomenever to return.14.動詞不定式的基本形式主主動語態(tài)被被動語態(tài)一般式一般式 to doto be done完成式完成式to have doneto have been done進行式行式to be doing無無完成完成進行式行式to have been doing無無15.(1).They pretended not(1).They pretended not to see usto see us.(2).(2).He pretended He pretended to

18、be sleepingto be sleeping.(3).She pretended(3).She pretended to have known it before.to have known it before.(一般式表示與一般式表示與謂語的的動作同作同時/發(fā)生在它之后生在它之后.).)(在在謂語動詞發(fā)生的同生的同時,不定式的不定式的動作也正在作也正在進行行)(完成式表示完成式表示動作作發(fā)生在生在謂語動作之前作之前)16.1.The 1.The boy pretended _ when his motherboy pretended _ when his mother entered.

19、entered.A.reading B.to read A.reading B.to read C.to be reading D.being readC.to be reading D.being read2.Do let your mother know all the truth.She 2.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears_ everything.appears_ everything.A.to tell B.to be told A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to h

20、ave been told C.to be telling D.to have been told鞏固鞏固練習3 317.3.Charles Babbage is generally considered _ 3.Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computerthe first computer.A.to invent B.inventing A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented C.to have invented D.having i

21、nvented4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay._ for him without delay.A.to have woven B.to be wovenA.to have woven B.to be wovenC.to be weaving D.to weaveC.to be weaving D.to weave18.who,which,when,how,what,whom,whether who,which,wh

22、en,how,what,whom,whether 等等連用，在句中用，在句中起名起名詞作用，可充當主作用，可充當主語、表、表語、賓語等。等。我不知道是否要接受邀我不知道是否要接受邀請。I dont know I dont know whether to accept the invitationwhether to accept the invitation or not.or not.(賓語)How to solveHow to solve the problem is very important.the problem is very important.(主主語)如何解決如何解決這個個

23、問題很重要。很重要。我的我的問題是什么是什么時候開始。候開始。My question is My question is when to startwhen to start.(表表語)不定式與疑不定式與疑問詞連用用:19.關于省略關于省略 (1).(1).不定式中的不定式中的動詞上文已出上文已出現過,下文要下文要 省略省略該動詞.e.g.:e.g.:WouldWould you like to go with me?you like to go with me?(2).不定式是不定式是to be to be 結構構,be,be 不可省不可省.e.g.:Would you like to be

24、 a teacher?.:Would you like to be a teacher?A.Id like to.Id like to B.Id like to goB.Id like to go Yes,_.Yes,_.A.Id like to be.B.Id like to.A.Id like to be.B.Id like to.Yes,_.Yes,_.20.1.-Did you get a job?-No,I _,but its no use.A.expected B.tried to C.managed to D.planned2.The boy wanted to ride his

25、 bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to鞏固鞏固練習4 421.不定式用在介不定式用在介詞but,except,besidesbut,except,besides后后時,如果如果這些介些介詞前有行前有行為動詞dodo的各種形式的各種形式,那么介那么介詞后的不后的不定式不定式不帶toto,相反相反則帶toto.f(1).She could do nothing but _.(cry)(1).She could do nothing but _.(cry

26、)f(2).I have no choice but_.(go)(2).I have no choice but_.(go)f(3).What(3).What do do you you like like _ _ besides_ besides_.(do,sleep)(do,sleep)cryto goto dosleep22.23.(eat,give up,finish,explain,tell)(eat,give up,finish,explain,tell)1.1.My teacher was made _ his teaching My teacher was made _ his

27、 teaching because of poor health.because of poor health.to give upexplaining/to be explainedto be finished3.We find it impossible for the work 3.We find it impossible for the work _ _ _ ahead ahead of time.of time.4.The patient was warned 4.The patient was warned oily oily food food after the operat

28、ion.after the operation.2.The sentence wants2.The sentence wants_once more.once more.5.I meant _ 5.I meant _ you you about it,but I forgot about it,but I forgot to do so.to do so.to have to have toldtold not not to eat to eat 24.1.(MET92 14)-I usually go there by train.1.(MET92 14)-I usually go ther

29、e by train.-Why not _ by boat for a change?-Why not _ by boat for a change?A.to try going B.trying to go A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going C.to try and go D.try going2.Rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always 2.Rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always prefers _ a bicycle.pref

30、ers _ a bicycle.(MET94 22)(MET94 22)A.ride;ride B.riding;ride A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding25.4.She cant help _ the house because shes 4.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.busy making a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.be

31、ing cleaned C.cleaned D.being cleaned 3.While shopping,people sometime cant help 3.While shopping,people sometime cant help _ into buying something they dont really _ into buying something they dont really need.need.A.A.to pursue B.persuading to pursue B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded C

32、.being persuaded D.be persuaded 26.5.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know 5.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.what country he studied in.A.A.to have studied B.to study to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studyingC.to be studying D.to have be

33、en studying6.The purpose of new technologies is to 6.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.make life easier,_ it more difficult.A.A.not make B.not to make not make B.not to make C.not making D.dont makeC.not making D.dont make27.7.Having a trip abroad is certainly good 7.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ for the old coup