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1、Major events in cell biology Flemming,Walther(1843-1905),German anatomist,named the division of somatic cells mitosis in 1882.Edouard van Beneden(1846-1910)the Belgian zoologist,discoved meiosis in 1883.Friedrich.Miescher(Swiss)(1844-1895)discovered nucleic acids in 1869.English bacteriologist F.Gri

2、ffith(1881-1941)demonstration of bacterial transformation with Streptococcus pneumoniae in 1928.American O.Avery，C.Macleod and M.McCarthy discover DNA as the genetic materials in 1944.The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962 DNA double helix structure J.D.Watson F.H.C.Crick Frederik.Zernike (1

3、888-1966)，Dutch Invention of the phase contrast microscope The Nobel Prize in Physics 1953 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 Niels K.Jerne Georges J.F.Khler Csar Milste Monoclonal antibodies Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993 K.B.Mullis The Nobel Prize in Ch

4、emistry 2003,Peter Agre Water channels The Discovery of p53 (Lane et al.,Kress et al.,Lizer et al.,Deleo et al.,1979).The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 Osamu Shimomura Martin Chalfie Roger Y.Tsien Green fluorescent protein,GFP Leland H.Hartwell R.Timothy Hunt Sir Paul M.Nurse The Nobel Prize in Phys

5、iology or Medicine 2001 Discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle Clony sheep,Dolly July 5,1996 February 14,2003 Dolly Keith cambell Ian Wilmut Gene knockout in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells Mario R.Capecchi Sir Martin J.Evans Oliver Smithies The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007