Microbial Taxonomic RanksAfter learning this section,you should be able to：Outline the general scheme of microbial taxonomic hierarchy.There are more than on hundred thousand microorganisms in the world.The diversity of microorganisms has always presented a challenge to us.What is microbial taxonomy?Microbial taxonomy is the science of classification according to the kinship and evolution of microorganisms.Three distinct but highly interrelated parts：Classification-the arrangement of organisms into groups based on mutual similarity or evolutionary relatedness.Nomenclature-the assignment of names to taxonomic groups in agreement with published rules.Identification-the process of determination of the particular taxon to which a particular isolate belongs.KindomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpeciesTaxonin descending order:PhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpeciesSpeciesspecies is a collection of strains that share many stable properties and differ significantly from other groups of strains.StrainType strain It is a population of organisms that is distinguishable from at least some other populations in a taxonomic category.It is thought to have descended from a single organism or pure culture isolate.It is usually one of the first strains studied and often is more fully characterized than other strains.SpeciesNew speciesTo be recognized as a new species,genomic,metabolic,morphological,reproductive,and ecological data must be accepted and published in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.Until that time,the new species name will appear in quotation marks.Several clasification units below species varietysubspecies strain formeg:OK,we have learned general scheme of taxonomic hierarchy,Lets see an example.A Word list1.microbial taxonomy 微生物分類學微生物分類學 2.microbial systematics 微生物系統(tǒng)學微生物系統(tǒng)學3.classification 分類分類4.identification 鑒定鑒定5.nomenclature 命名命名6.toxon分類單元分類單元7.kindom 界界8.phylum 門門9.class 綱綱10.order 目目11.family 科科12.genus 屬屬13.species 種種14.type species 模式種模式種