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1、1,11 常見語法錯誤,Fundamentals and New Concepts for ElectronicsTelecommunications,Tong WangCollege of Information and Communication Harbin Engineering University,2,1 違反一致性原則,該原則主要指英語的主謂語、代詞及其先行詞在詞性、數及一些主從復合句在時態(tài)上的不一致等。,3,主語與謂語不一致,例1 Much have recently been done in the researches on the wideband CDMA.（much為

2、不可數名詞，后應跟單行動詞has）近來在寬帶CDMA研究方面做了大量工作。例2 The professor as well as his students are working overtime.（are應改為is）教授和他的學生都在加班工作。注意：as well as 連接兩個名詞或代詞做主語時，謂語動詞要與第一個名詞或代詞的人稱和數保持一致，類似的詞還有 along/together with, accompanied by, combined with, rather than 等。,4,例3 This is one of the books on mobile communicati

3、on that has been published by the publishing house.（has應改為have）這是該出版社已出版的移動通信專著之一。注意：在one of +復數名詞+定語從句這種結構中，從句謂語動詞要與of 后面的復數名詞保持一致。例4 After the key problem had been overcome, the rest was easily solved. （the rest是集合名詞，表示復數概念，應用復述形式were）關鍵問題攻克之后，其余問題就迎刃而解了。,5,代詞與其先行詞不一致,例5 If one can build the chip

4、big enough or fast enough, then it seemingly does not matter if you use inefficient algorithms. （應將you use 改為 he uses, 或者將one 改為 you）若能設計出容量足夠大或者速度足夠快的芯片，那么采用效率低的算法似乎并沒有什么關系。例6 These kind of studies was not started until the new experimental equipment was put to use. （指示代詞與其所修飾的名詞不一致，應改為 These kinds

5、 of studies were 或 This kind of study）這類研究直到新的實驗設備投入使用后才開始進行。,6,時態(tài)與時間不一致,例7 As is known to all, mobile communication began its development since 1980. （since 常用于完成時，應將since 改為 in）眾所周知，移動通信的研制始于1980年。,7,2 用詞不當,用詞不當包括的范圍較廣，如及物動詞與非及物動詞混淆，固定搭配不當，非限定動詞使用不當，詞性誤用等。例8 The video signal causes the brightness

6、of the spot to vary in proportion with the intensity of light in the original image. （in proportion to 是固定搭配，將with 改為 to）視頻信號使光點的亮度變化與原圖像中光的強度成正比。例9 The experimental equipment needs being repaired. （want, deserve, require, worth 等后面的動名詞雖然表示被動的意思，但卻要用其主動形式，改為needs repairing）實驗設備需要維修。,8,例10 Because th

7、e capacity of a communications path is dependent on the bandwidth of the path, so bandwidth is a very important ingredient in data communications. （去掉Because 或 so）帶寬是數據通信中很重要的部分，因為信道容量取決于信道帶寬。,9,3 句子成分殘缺,句子缺少某些必不可少的成分，最常見的是缺少主語或者謂語。例11 As an example of continuous waveform, is shown in Figure 14.3 （缺

8、主語，is 前加 it）連續(xù)波形例子如圖14.3所示。,10,4 位置顛倒,句子的各種附加成分應按照不同的語言習慣和語法要求，放在合適的位置。例12 The device consists of five parts mainly. （不及物動詞與介詞連用，副詞常置于其間） 該設備主要由五部分構成。,11,5 非同類并列,把幾種不同種類、不同性質的詞或詞組并列起來做句子的同一成分，往往會使整句的意思含混。例13 In CDMA One and CDMA2000, a 1.25MHz wide radio signal is multiplied by a spreading signal wi

9、th a higher rate than the message. （應改為 a higher rate than that of the message 或者 a higher rate than the data rate of the message）在CDMA One 和CDMA2000系統中，將寬帶為1.25MHz的射頻信號與一個數據率高于信息信號數據率的擴頻信號相乘。,12,6 懸垂修飾語,懸垂修飾語常指句首的短語與后面主句的邏輯關系混亂不清。例14 Comparing with the existing methods, this new method has a few advantages. （短語中compare 的邏輯主語應該是人，而非method, 可在主句前加 we find that ） 與現有方法比較，新方法只有幾個優(yōu)點。,